{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/45.2-2002.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/45.2-2002.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/45.2-2002.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/45.2-2002.html"}],"law_id":79582,"edition_id":1,"section_id":79582,"structure_id":16726,"section_number":"45.2-2002","catch_line":" Ownership","history":"1981, c. 506, \u00a7 45.1-179.4; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 387.","full_text":"Ownership rights to a geothermal resource are in the owner of the surface property underlain by the geothermal resource unless such rights have been otherwise explicitly reserved or conveyed. Nothing in this section shall divest the people or the Commonwealth of any rights, title, or interest they might have in any geothermal resource.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":285149,"text":"Ownership rights to a geothermal resource are in the owner of the surface property underlain by the geothermal resource unless such rights have been otherwise explicitly reserved or conveyed. Nothing in this section shall divest the people or the Commonwealth of any rights, title, or interest they might have in any geothermal resource.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":16726,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12715,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 04:36:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 04:36:52","permalink":{"id":225161,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":16726,"identifier":"1","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1","url":"\/45.2\/V\/20\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12715,"edition_id":1,"name":"Geothermal Energy","identifier":"20","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12714,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":225159,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12715,"identifier":"20","token":"45.2\/V\/20","url":"\/45.2\/V\/20\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12714,"edition_id":1,"name":"Other Sources of Energy; Energy Policy","identifier":"V","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12713,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":224887,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12714,"identifier":"V","token":"45.2\/V","url":"\/45.2\/V\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12713,"edition_id":1,"name":"Mines, Minerals, and Energy","identifier":"45.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":222539,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12713,"identifier":"45.2","token":"45.2","url":"\/45.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":87145,"structure_id":16726,"section_number":"45.2-2000","catch_line":" Definitions","url":"\/45.2-2000\/","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1\/45.2-2000","metadata":false},{"id":76575,"structure_id":16726,"section_number":"45.2-2001","catch_line":" Application","url":"\/45.2-2001\/","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1\/45.2-2001","metadata":false},{"id":79582,"structure_id":16726,"section_number":"45.2-2002","catch_line":" Ownership","url":"\/45.2-2002\/","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1\/45.2-2002","metadata":false},{"id":78952,"structure_id":16726,"section_number":"45.2-2003","catch_line":" Findings; clarification of nature of the resource","url":"\/45.2-2003\/","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1\/45.2-2003","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":76575,"structure_id":16726,"section_number":"45.2-2001","catch_line":" Application","url":"\/45.2-2001\/","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1\/45.2-2001","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":78952,"structure_id":16726,"section_number":"45.2-2003","catch_line":" Findings; clarification of nature of the resource","url":"\/45.2-2003\/","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1\/45.2-2003","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/45.2-2002\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1981. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 506 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1981 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":225171,"object_type":"law","relational_id":79582,"identifier":"45.2-2002","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1\/45.2-2002","url":"\/45.2-2002\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/45.2-2002\/","token":"45.2\/V\/20\/1\/45.2-2002","dublin_core":{"Title":" Ownership","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 45.2-2002","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Ownership rights to a geothermal resource<\/span> are in the owner of the surface property underlain by the geothermal resource<\/span> unless such rights have been otherwise explicitly reserved or conveyed. Nothing in this section shall divest the people or the Commonwealth of any rights, title, or interest they might have in any geothermal resource<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\n OWNERSHIP (\u00a7 45.2-2002)\n\nOwnership rights to a geothermal resource are in the owner of the surface\nproperty underlain by the geothermal resource unless such rights have been\notherwise explicitly reserved or conveyed. Nothing in this section shall divest\nthe people or the Commonwealth of any rights, title, or interest they might have\nin any geothermal resource.\n\nHISTORY: 1981, c. 506, \u00a7 45.1-179.4; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 387.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}