{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/45.2-931.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/45.2-931.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/45.2-931.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/45.2-931.html"}],"law_id":54618,"edition_id":1,"section_id":54618,"structure_id":13646,"section_number":"45.2-931","catch_line":" Surface storage of explosives and detonators","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 45-53.2; 1954, c. 191; 1966, c. 594, \u00a7 45.1-44; 1978, c. 729; 1994, c. 28, \u00a7 45.1-161.284; 2010, cc. 809, 857; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 387.","full_text":"A\n\nTwo or more surface magazines shall be provided for the storage of explosives and the separate storage of detonators.B\n\nEvery surface magazine for storing and distributing explosives in an amount exceeding 150 pounds shall be:1\n\nReasonably bullet-resistant and constructed of incombustible material or covered with fire-resistant material. The roof of a magazine that is located in such a way as to make it impossible to fire a bullet directly through the roof from the ground need not be bullet-resistant. Where it is possible to fire a bullet directly through a roof from the ground, such roof shall be made bullet-resistant by material construction, by the use of a ceiling that forms a tray containing not less than a four-inch thickness of sand, or by another method;2\n\nProvided with doors that are constructed of three-eighth-inch steel plate. Such doors shall be lined with a two-inch thickness of wood or the equivalent;3\n\nProvided with dry floors made of wood or other nonsparking material and have no metal exposed inside the magazine;4\n\nProvided with suitable warning signs located so that a bullet passing directly through the face of a sign will not strike the magazine;5\n\nProvided with properly screened ventilators;6\n\nEquipped with no openings except for entrance and ventilation openings;7\n\nKept locked securely when unattended; and8\n\nElectrically bonded and grounded if constructed of metal.C\n\nA surface magazine for storing detonators need not be bullet-resistant, but it shall comply with other provisions for storing explosives.D\n\nExplosives weighing a total of no more than 150 pounds, or detonators numbering 5,000 or fewer, shall be stored either (i) in accordance with the standards set forth in subsection A, B, or C or (ii) in a separate locked box-type magazine. A box-type magazine may also be used as a distributing magazine when the weight of the explosives or the number of detonators does not exceed the limits set forth in this subsection. Every box-type magazine shall be strongly constructed of two-inch hardwood or the equivalent. Every metal magazine shall be lined with nonsparking material. No magazine shall be placed (a) in a building containing oil, grease, gasoline, wastepaper, or other highly flammable material or (b) within 20 feet of a stove, furnace, open fire, or flame.E\n\nNo magazine shall be placed less than 300 feet from any mine opening. However, if a magazine cannot be practicably located at such a distance, it may be located less than 300 feet from a mine opening if it is sufficiently barricaded and is approved by the Chief. Unless approved by the Chief, no magazine shall be located closer to an occupied building, public road, or passenger railway than the distance recommended in the “American Table of Distances for Storage of Explosive Materials” published by the Institute of Makers of Explosives.F\n\nThe supply kept in a distribution magazine shall be limited to approximately a 48-hour supply, and supplies of explosives and detonators may be distributed from the same magazine if they are separated by a substantially fastened hardwood partition at least four inches thick or the equivalent.G\n\nThe area surrounding any magazine shall be kept free of rubbish, dry grass, or other materials of a combustible nature for at least 25 feet in every direction.H\n\nIf an explosives magazine is illuminated electrically, each lamp shall be of vapor-proof type and installed and wired so as to present a minimal fire or contact hazard.I\n\nOnly nonmetallic tools shall be used for opening any wooden explosives container. Extraneous materials shall not be stored with explosives or detonators in an explosives magazine.J\n\nSmoking or carrying smokers’ articles or open flames is prohibited in or near any magazine.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":200585,"text":"Two or more surface magazines shall be provided for the storage of explosives and the separate storage of detonators.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":200586,"text":"Every surface magazine for storing and distributing explosives in an amount exceeding 150 pounds shall be:","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"B1"},"2":{"id":200587,"text":"Reasonably bullet-resistant and constructed of incombustible material or covered with fire-resistant material. The roof of a magazine that is located in such a way as to make it impossible to fire a bullet directly through the roof from the ground need not be bullet-resistant. Where it is possible to fire a bullet directly through a roof from the ground, such roof shall be made bullet-resistant by material construction, by the use of a ceiling that forms a tray containing not less than a four-inch thickness of sand, or by another method;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"B1","prefix_anchor":"B1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"B2"},"3":{"id":200588,"text":"Provided with doors that are constructed of three-eighth-inch steel plate. Such doors shall be lined with a two-inch thickness of wood or the equivalent;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"B2","prefix_anchor":"B2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B1","next_prefix":"B3"},"4":{"id":200589,"text":"Provided with dry floors made of wood or other nonsparking material and have no metal exposed inside the magazine;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"B3","prefix_anchor":"B3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B2","next_prefix":"B4"},"5":{"id":200590,"text":"Provided with suitable warning signs located so that a bullet passing directly through the face of a sign will not strike the magazine;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"B4","prefix_anchor":"B4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B3","next_prefix":"B5"},"6":{"id":200591,"text":"Provided with properly screened ventilators;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"B5","prefix_anchor":"B5","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B4","next_prefix":"B6"},"7":{"id":200592,"text":"Equipped with no openings except for entrance and ventilation openings;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"B6","prefix_anchor":"B6","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B5","next_prefix":"B7"},"8":{"id":200593,"text":"Kept locked securely when unattended; and","type":"section","prefixes":["B","7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"B7","prefix_anchor":"B7","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B6","next_prefix":"B8"},"9":{"id":200594,"text":"Electrically bonded and grounded if constructed of metal.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"B8","prefix_anchor":"B8","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B7","next_prefix":"C"},"10":{"id":200595,"text":"A surface magazine for storing detonators need not be bullet-resistant, but it shall comply with other provisions for storing explosives.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B8","next_prefix":"D"},"11":{"id":200596,"text":"Explosives weighing a total of no more than 150 pounds, or detonators numbering 5,000 or fewer, shall be stored either (i) in accordance with the standards set forth in subsection A, B, or C or (ii) in a separate locked box-type magazine. A box-type magazine may also be used as a distributing magazine when the weight of the explosives or the number of detonators does not exceed the limits set forth in this subsection. Every box-type magazine shall be strongly constructed of two-inch hardwood or the equivalent. Every metal magazine shall be lined with nonsparking material. No magazine shall be placed (a) in a building containing oil, grease, gasoline, wastepaper, or other highly flammable material or (b) within 20 feet of a stove, furnace, open fire, or flame.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C","next_prefix":"E"},"12":{"id":200597,"text":"No magazine shall be placed less than 300 feet from any mine opening. However, if a magazine cannot be practicably located at such a distance, it may be located less than 300 feet from a mine opening if it is sufficiently barricaded and is approved by the Chief. Unless approved by the Chief, no magazine shall be located closer to an occupied building, public road, or passenger railway than the distance recommended in the “American Table of Distances for Storage of Explosive Materials” published by the Institute of Makers of Explosives.","type":"section","prefixes":["E"],"prefix":"E","entire_prefix":"E","prefix_anchor":"E","level":1,"prior_prefix":"D","next_prefix":"F"},"13":{"id":200598,"text":"The supply kept in a distribution magazine shall be limited to approximately a 48-hour supply, and supplies of explosives and detonators may be distributed from the same magazine if they are separated by a substantially fastened hardwood partition at least four inches thick or the equivalent.","type":"section","prefixes":["F"],"prefix":"F","entire_prefix":"F","prefix_anchor":"F","level":1,"prior_prefix":"E","next_prefix":"G"},"14":{"id":200599,"text":"The area surrounding any magazine shall be kept free of rubbish, dry grass, or other materials of a combustible nature for at least 25 feet in every direction.","type":"section","prefixes":["G"],"prefix":"G","entire_prefix":"G","prefix_anchor":"G","level":1,"prior_prefix":"F","next_prefix":"H"},"15":{"id":200600,"text":"If an explosives magazine is illuminated electrically, each lamp shall be of vapor-proof type and installed and wired so as to present a minimal fire or contact hazard.","type":"section","prefixes":["H"],"prefix":"H","entire_prefix":"H","prefix_anchor":"H","level":1,"prior_prefix":"G","next_prefix":"I"},"16":{"id":200601,"text":"Only nonmetallic tools shall be used for opening any wooden explosives container. Extraneous materials shall not be stored with explosives or detonators in an explosives magazine.","type":"section","prefixes":["I"],"prefix":"I","entire_prefix":"I","prefix_anchor":"I","level":1,"prior_prefix":"H","next_prefix":"J"},"17":{"id":200602,"text":"Smoking or carrying smokers’ articles or open flames is prohibited in or near any magazine.","type":"section","prefixes":["J"],"prefix":"J","entire_prefix":"J","prefix_anchor":"J","level":1,"prior_prefix":"I"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13646,"edition_id":1,"name":"Explosives and Blasting","identifier":"10","label":"article","depth":5,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13645,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:27","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:27","permalink":{"id":223937,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13646,"identifier":"10","token":"45.2\/II\/C\/9\/10","url":"\/45.2\/II\/C\/9\/10\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13645,"edition_id":1,"name":"Requirements Applicable to Surface Coal Mines","identifier":"9","label":"chapter","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13539,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:27","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:27","permalink":{"id":223921,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13645,"identifier":"9","token":"45.2\/II\/C\/9","url":"\/45.2\/II\/C\/9\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13539,"edition_id":1,"name":"Surface Coal Mines","identifier":"C","label":"part","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12985,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:10","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:10","permalink":{"id":223695,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13539,"identifier":"C","token":"45.2\/II\/C","url":"\/45.2\/II\/C\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12985,"edition_id":1,"name":"Coal Mining","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12713,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:06","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:06","permalink":{"id":222647,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12985,"identifier":"II","token":"45.2\/II","url":"\/45.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12713,"edition_id":1,"name":"Mines, Minerals, and Energy","identifier":"45.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":222539,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12713,"identifier":"45.2","token":"45.2","url":"\/45.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":54618,"structure_id":13646,"section_number":"45.2-931","catch_line":" Surface storage of explosives and detonators","url":"\/45.2-931\/","token":"45.2\/II\/C\/9\/10\/45.2-931","metadata":false},{"id":54856,"structure_id":13646,"section_number":"45.2-932","catch_line":" Misfires","url":"\/45.2-932\/","token":"45.2\/II\/C\/9\/10\/45.2-932","metadata":false},{"id":80100,"structure_id":13646,"section_number":"45.2-933","catch_line":" Minimum blasting practices","url":"\/45.2-933\/","token":"45.2\/II\/C\/9\/10\/45.2-933","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":54856,"structure_id":13646,"section_number":"45.2-932","catch_line":" Misfires","url":"\/45.2-932\/","token":"45.2\/II\/C\/9\/10\/45.2-932","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/45.2-931\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1954, chapter 191; in 1966, chapter 594; in 1978, chapter 729; in 1994, chapter 28<\/a>; in 2010, chapters 809<\/a> and 857<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":68992,"section_number":"45.2-775","catch_line":" Surface blasting","order_by":null,"url":"\/45.2-775\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":223939,"object_type":"law","relational_id":54618,"identifier":"45.2-931","token":"45.2\/II\/C\/9\/10\/45.2-931","url":"\/45.2-931\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/45.2-931\/","token":"45.2\/II\/C\/9\/10\/45.2-931","dublin_core":{"Title":" Surface storage of explosives and detonators","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 45.2-931","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Two or more surface magazines shall be provided for the storage of explosives and the separate storage of detonators. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Every surface magazine for storing and distributing explosives in an amount exceeding 150 pounds shall be: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Reasonably bullet-resistant and constructed of incombustible material<\/span> or covered with fire-resistant material<\/span>. The roof of a magazine that is located in such a way as to make it impossible to fire a bullet directly through the roof from the ground need not be bullet-resistant. Where it is possible to fire a bullet directly through a roof from the ground, such roof shall be made bullet-resistant by material<\/span> construction, by the use of a ceiling that forms a tray containing not less than a four-inch thickness of sand, or by another method; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Provided with doors that are constructed of three-eighth-inch steel plate. Such doors shall be lined with a two-inch thickness of wood or the equivalent; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Provided with dry floors made of wood or other nonsparking material<\/span> and have no metal exposed inside the magazine; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Provided with suitable warning signs located so that a bullet passing directly through the face of a sign will not strike the magazine; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Provided with properly screened ventilators; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> Equipped with no openings except for entrance and ventilation openings; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

7.<\/span> Kept locked securely when unattended; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

8.<\/span> Electrically bonded and grounded if constructed of metal. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> A surface magazine for storing detonators need not be bullet-resistant, but it shall comply with other provisions for storing explosives. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> Explosives weighing a total of no more than 150 pounds, or detonators numbering 5,000 or fewer, shall be stored either (i) in accordance with the standards set forth in subsection A, B, or C or (ii) in a separate locked box-type magazine. A box-type magazine may also be used as a distributing magazine when the weight of the explosives or the number of detonators does not exceed the limits set forth in this subsection. Every box-type magazine shall be strongly constructed of two-inch hardwood or the equivalent. Every metal magazine shall be lined with nonsparking material<\/span>. No magazine shall be placed (a) in a building containing oil, grease, gasoline, wastepaper, or other highly flammable material<\/span> or (b) within 20 feet of a stove, furnace, open fire, or flame. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

E.<\/span> No magazine shall be placed less than 300 feet from any mine opening. However, if a magazine cannot be practicably located at such a distance, it may be located less than 300 feet from a mine opening if it is sufficiently barricaded and is approved by the Chief<\/span>. Unless approved by the Chief<\/span>, no magazine shall be located closer to an occupied building, public road, or passenger railway than the distance recommended in the “American Table of Distances for Storage of Explosive Materials<\/span>” published by the Institute of Makers of Explosives. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

F.<\/span> The supply kept in a distribution magazine shall be limited to approximately a 48-hour supply, and supplies of explosives and detonators may be distributed from the same magazine if they are separated by a substantially fastened hardwood partition<\/span> at least four inches thick or the equivalent. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

G.<\/span> The area surrounding any magazine shall be kept free of rubbish, dry grass, or other materials<\/span> of a combustible nature for at least 25 feet in every direction. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

H.<\/span> If an explosives magazine is illuminated electrically, each lamp shall be of vapor-proof type and installed and wired so as to present a minimal fire or contact hazard. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

I.<\/span> Only nonmetallic tools shall be used for opening any wooden explosives container. Extraneous materials<\/span> shall not be stored with explosives or detonators in an explosives magazine. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

J.<\/span> Smoking or carrying smokers’ articles or open flames is prohibited in or near any magazine. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\n SURFACE STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVES AND DETONATORS (\u00a7 45.2-931)\n\nA. Two or more surface magazines shall be provided for the storage of explosives\nand the separate storage of detonators.\n\nB. Every surface magazine for storing and distributing explosives in an amount\nexceeding 150 pounds shall be:\n\n 1. Reasonably bullet-resistant and constructed of incombustible material or\n covered with fire-resistant material. The roof of a magazine that is located\n in such a way as to make it impossible to fire a bullet directly through the\n roof from the ground need not be bullet-resistant. Where it is possible to\n fire a bullet directly through a roof from the ground, such roof shall be made\n bullet-resistant by material construction, by the use of a ceiling that forms\n a tray containing not less than a four-inch thickness of sand, or by another\n method;\n\n 2. Provided with doors that are constructed of three-eighth-inch steel plate.\n Such doors shall be lined with a two-inch thickness of wood or the equivalent;\n\n 3. Provided with dry floors made of wood or other nonsparking material and\n have no metal exposed inside the magazine;\n\n 4. Provided with suitable warning signs located so that a bullet passing\n directly through the face of a sign will not strike the magazine;\n\n 5. Provided with properly screened ventilators;\n\n 6. Equipped with no openings except for entrance and ventilation openings;\n\n 7. Kept locked securely when unattended; and\n\n 8. Electrically bonded and grounded if constructed of metal.\n\nC. A surface magazine for storing detonators need not be bullet-resistant, but\nit shall comply with other provisions for storing explosives.\n\nD. Explosives weighing a total of no more than 150 pounds, or detonators\nnumbering 5,000 or fewer, shall be stored either (i) in accordance with the\nstandards set forth in subsection A, B, or C or (ii) in a separate locked\nbox-type magazine. A box-type magazine may also be used as a distributing\nmagazine when the weight of the explosives or the number of detonators does not\nexceed the limits set forth in this subsection. Every box-type magazine shall be\nstrongly constructed of two-inch hardwood or the equivalent. Every metal\nmagazine shall be lined with nonsparking material. No magazine shall be placed\n(a) in a building containing oil, grease, gasoline, wastepaper, or other highly\nflammable material or (b) within 20 feet of a stove, furnace, open fire, or\nflame.\n\nE. No magazine shall be placed less than 300 feet from any mine opening.\nHowever, if a magazine cannot be practicably located at such a distance, it may\nbe located less than 300 feet from a mine opening if it is sufficiently\nbarricaded and is approved by the Chief. Unless approved by the Chief, no\nmagazine shall be located closer to an occupied building, public road, or\npassenger railway than the distance recommended in the “American Table of\nDistances for Storage of Explosive Materials” published by the Institute\nof Makers of Explosives.\n\nF. The supply kept in a distribution magazine shall be limited to approximately\na 48-hour supply, and supplies of explosives and detonators may be distributed\nfrom the same magazine if they are separated by a substantially fastened\nhardwood partition at least four inches thick or the equivalent.\n\nG. The area surrounding any magazine shall be kept free of rubbish, dry grass,\nor other materials of a combustible nature for at least 25 feet in every\ndirection.\n\nH. If an explosives magazine is illuminated electrically, each lamp shall be of\nvapor-proof type and installed and wired so as to present a minimal fire or\ncontact hazard.\n\nI. Only nonmetallic tools shall be used for opening any wooden explosives\ncontainer. Extraneous materials shall not be stored with explosives or\ndetonators in an explosives magazine.\n\nJ. Smoking or carrying smokers’ articles or open flames is prohibited in\nor near any magazine.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 45-53.2; 1954, c. 191; 1966, c. 594, \u00a7 45.1-44; 1978, c.\n729; 1994, c. 28, \u00a7 45.1-161.284; 2010, cc. 809, 857; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c.\n387.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}