{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-1177.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-1177.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-1177.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-1177.html"}],"law_id":66550,"edition_id":1,"section_id":66550,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1177","catch_line":"Emissions inspection program","history":"1980, c. 469, \u00a7 46.1-326.3; 1981, c. 624; 1988, c. 806; 1989, c. 727; 1993, cc. 995, 998; 1993, Sp. Sess., c. 2; 1995, cc. 836, 851; 2006, c. 729; 2015, cc. 95, 161.","full_text":"The Director shall administer an emissions inspection program. Such program shall require biennial inspections of motor vehicles at official emissions inspection stations in accordance with this article and may require additional inspections of motor vehicles that have been shown by on-road testing to exceed emissions standards established by the Board.\n\t\tThe emissions inspections required in \u00a7 46.2-1178 shall not apply to any:\n\n1\n\nVehicle powered by a clean special fuel as defined in § 46.2-749.3, provided provisions of the federal Clean Air Act permit such exemption for vehicles powered by a clean special fuel;2\n\nMotorcycle or autocycle, unless such autocycle has been emissions certified with an on-board diagnostic system by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency;3\n\nVehicle which, at the time of its manufacture was not designed to meet emissions standards set or approved by the federal government;4\n\nAntique motor vehicle as defined in § 46.2-100 and licensed pursuant to § 46.2-730;5\n\nVehicle for which no testing standards have been adopted by the Board; or6\n\nVehicle manufactured for the current model year or any of the three immediately preceding model years unless identified by the remote sensing program as violating the emissions standards established for that program.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":241528,"text":"The Director shall administer an emissions inspection program. Such program shall require biennial inspections of motor vehicles at official emissions inspection stations in accordance with this article and may require additional inspections of motor vehicles that have been shown by on-road testing to exceed emissions standards established by the Board.\n\t\tThe emissions inspections required in \u00a7 46.2-1178 shall not apply to any:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":241529,"text":"Vehicle powered by a clean special fuel as defined in § 46.2-749.3, provided provisions of the federal Clean Air Act permit such exemption for vehicles powered by a clean special fuel;","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":241530,"text":"Motorcycle or autocycle, unless such autocycle has been emissions certified with an on-board diagnostic system by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency;","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":241531,"text":"Vehicle which, at the time of its manufacture was not designed to meet emissions standards set or approved by the federal government;","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2","next_prefix":"4"},"4":{"id":241532,"text":"Antique motor vehicle as defined in § 46.2-100 and licensed pursuant to § 46.2-730;","type":"section","prefixes":["4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"4","prefix_anchor":"4","level":1,"prior_prefix":"3","next_prefix":"5"},"5":{"id":241533,"text":"Vehicle for which no testing standards have been adopted by the Board; or","type":"section","prefixes":["5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"5","prefix_anchor":"5","level":1,"prior_prefix":"4","next_prefix":"6"},"6":{"id":241534,"text":"Vehicle manufactured for the current model year or any of the three immediately preceding model years unless identified by the remote sensing program as violating the emissions standards established for that program.","type":"section","prefixes":["6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"6","prefix_anchor":"6","level":1,"prior_prefix":"5"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13715,"edition_id":1,"name":"Emissions Inspections","identifier":"22","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12828,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:38","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:38","permalink":{"id":229269,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13715,"identifier":"22","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22","url":"\/46.2\/III\/10\/22\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12828,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicle and Equipment Safety","identifier":"10","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12827,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":228599,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12828,"identifier":"10","token":"46.2\/III\/10","url":"\/46.2\/III\/10\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12827,"edition_id":1,"name":"Operation","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":228597,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12827,"identifier":"III","token":"46.2\/III","url":"\/46.2\/III\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":80818,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1176","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/46.2-1176\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1176","metadata":false},{"id":66550,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1177","catch_line":"Emissions inspection program","url":"\/46.2-1177\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1177","metadata":false},{"id":75375,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1177.1","catch_line":"Inspection program coordinator; agreement for services","url":"\/46.2-1177.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1177.1","metadata":false},{"id":54705,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1178","catch_line":"Administration and scope of emissions inspection program","url":"\/46.2-1178\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1178","metadata":false},{"id":79941,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1178.1","catch_line":"On-road testing of motor vehicle emissions; authority to adopt regulations; civil charges","url":"\/46.2-1178.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1178.1","metadata":false},{"id":57522,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1178.2","catch_line":"Repair of certain vehicles not in compliance with standards established by the Board; payment of repairs from Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program Fund","url":"\/46.2-1178.2\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1178.2","metadata":false},{"id":69408,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1179","catch_line":"Board to adopt emissions standards","url":"\/46.2-1179\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1179","metadata":false},{"id":59835,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1179.1","catch_line":"Board to adopt clean alternative fuel fleet standards for motor vehicles; penalty","url":"\/46.2-1179.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1179.1","metadata":false},{"id":81748,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1180","catch_line":"Board to adopt regulations; exemption of certain motor vehicles","url":"\/46.2-1180\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1180","metadata":false},{"id":83623,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1181","catch_line":"Emissions inspection; cost of repairs; waivers","url":"\/46.2-1181\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1181","metadata":false},{"id":73645,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1182","catch_line":"Emissions inspection fees; exemption","url":"\/46.2-1182\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1182","metadata":false},{"id":84408,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1182.1","catch_line":"Additional registration fee; exemption","url":"\/46.2-1182.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1182.1","metadata":false},{"id":78153,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1182.2","catch_line":"Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program Fund established; use of moneys","url":"\/46.2-1182.2\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1182.2","metadata":false},{"id":77524,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1183","catch_line":"Emissions inspection required prior to registration of certain vehicles; records","url":"\/46.2-1183\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1183","metadata":false},{"id":81664,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1183.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-1183.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1183.1","metadata":false},{"id":59028,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1184","catch_line":"Fleet emissions inspection stations","url":"\/46.2-1184\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1184","metadata":false},{"id":76588,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1185","catch_line":"Investigation of inspection stations; revocation or suspension of permits for emissions inspection stations","url":"\/46.2-1185\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1185","metadata":false},{"id":55680,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1186","catch_line":"False certificate","url":"\/46.2-1186\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1186","metadata":false},{"id":85990,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1187","catch_line":"Penalties","url":"\/46.2-1187\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1187","metadata":false},{"id":72583,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1187.1","catch_line":"Right of entry","url":"\/46.2-1187.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1187.1","metadata":false},{"id":81352,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1187.2","catch_line":"Compelling compliance with regulations and order of Board; penalty","url":"\/46.2-1187.2\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1187.2","metadata":false},{"id":78643,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1187.3","catch_line":"Vehicles used for investigations","url":"\/46.2-1187.3\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1187.3","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":80818,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1176","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/46.2-1176\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1176","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":75375,"structure_id":13715,"section_number":"46.2-1177.1","catch_line":"Inspection program coordinator; agreement for services","url":"\/46.2-1177.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1177.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-1177\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1980. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 469 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1980 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 7 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1981, chapter 624; in 1988, chapter 806; in 1989, chapter 727; in 1993, chapters 995 and 998; in 1995, chapters 836<\/a> and 851<\/a>; in 2006, chapter 729<\/a>; in 2015, chapters 95<\/a> and 161<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":79941,"section_number":"46.2-1178.1","catch_line":"On-road testing of motor vehicle emissions; authority to adopt regulations; civil charges","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1178.1\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":82691,"section_number":"46.2-100","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-100\/"},{"id":54705,"section_number":"46.2-1178","catch_line":"Administration and scope of emissions inspection program","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1178\/"},{"id":74958,"section_number":"46.2-730","catch_line":"License plates for antique motor vehicles and antique trailers; fee","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-730\/"},{"id":66109,"section_number":"46.2-749.3","catch_line":"Special license plates for clean special fuel vehicles","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-749.3\/"}],"permalink":{"id":229275,"object_type":"law","relational_id":66550,"identifier":"46.2-1177","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1177","url":"\/46.2-1177\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-1177\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/22\/46.2-1177","dublin_core":{"Title":"Emissions inspection program","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-1177","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

The Director<\/span> shall administer an emissions inspection program. Such program shall require biennial inspections of motor vehicles<\/span> at official emissions inspection stations<\/span> in accordance with this article and may require additional inspections of motor vehicles<\/span> that have been shown by on-road testing<\/span> to exceed emissions standards established by the Board<\/span>.\n\t\tThe emissions inspections required in \u00a7 46.2-1178<\/a> shall not apply to any:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Vehicle<\/span> powered by a clean special fuel as defined in § 46.2-749.3<\/a>, provided provisions of the federal Clean Air Act permit such exemption for vehicles powered by a clean special fuel; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Motorcycle<\/span> or autocycle<\/span>, unless such autocycle<\/span> has been emissions certified with an on-board<\/span> diagnostic system by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Vehicle<\/span> which, at the time of its manufacture was not designed to meet emissions standards set or approved by the federal government; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Antique motor vehicle<\/span> as defined in § 46.2-100<\/a> and licensed pursuant to § 46.2-730<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Vehicle for which no testing standards have been adopted by the Board<\/span>; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> Vehicle manufactured for the current model year or any of the three immediately preceding model years unless identified by the remote sensing<\/span> program as violating the emissions standards established for that program. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEMISSIONS INSPECTION PROGRAM (\u00a7 46.2-1177)\n\nThe Director shall administer an emissions inspection program. Such program\nshall require biennial inspections of motor vehicles at official emissions\ninspection stations in accordance with this article and may require additional\ninspections of motor vehicles that have been shown by on-road testing to exceed\nemissions standards established by the Board.\n\t\tThe emissions inspections required in \u00a7 46.2-1178 shall not apply to any:\n\n1. Vehicle powered by a clean special fuel as defined in § 46.2-749.3,\nprovided provisions of the federal Clean Air Act permit such exemption for\nvehicles powered by a clean special fuel;\n\n2. Motorcycle or autocycle, unless such autocycle has been emissions certified\nwith an on-board diagnostic system by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency;\n\n3. Vehicle which, at the time of its manufacture was not designed to meet\nemissions standards set or approved by the federal government;\n\n4. Antique motor vehicle as defined in § 46.2-100 and licensed pursuant to\n§ 46.2-730;\n\n5. Vehicle for which no testing standards have been adopted by the Board; or\n\n6. Vehicle manufactured for the current model year or any of the three\nimmediately preceding model years unless identified by the remote sensing\nprogram as violating the emissions standards established for that program.\n\nHISTORY: 1980, c. 469, \u00a7 46.1-326.3; 1981, c. 624; 1988, c. 806; 1989, c. 727;\n1993, cc. 995, 998; 1993, Sp. Sess., c. 2; 1995, cc. 836, 851; 2006, c. 729;\n2015, cc. 95, 161.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}