{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-119.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-119.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-119.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-119.html"}],"law_id":84696,"edition_id":1,"section_id":84696,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-119","catch_line":"Complaints against tow truck drivers or towing and recovery operators; enforcement by the Office of the Attorney General","history":"2012, cc. 803, 835.","full_text":"A\n\nAny consumer aggrieved by the actions of a (i) tow truck driver for an alleged violation of subsection A of § 46.2-118 or § 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1 or (ii) towing and recovery operator for an alleged violation of subsection B of § 46.2-118 or § 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1 may file a complaint with the Division of Consumer Counsel of the Office of the Attorney General for appropriate action in accordance with this section and any other applicable law.B\n\nThe Attorney General may cause an action to be brought in the appropriate circuit court in the name of the Commonwealth to enjoin any violation of § 46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1. The circuit court having jurisdiction may enjoin such violations notwithstanding the existence of an adequate remedy at law. In any action under this section, it shall not be necessary that damages or intent be proved to establish a violation. The standard of proof at trial shall be a preponderance of the evidence. The circuit court may issue temporary or permanent injunctions to restrain and prevent violations of § 46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1.C\n\nIn any action brought under this section, the Attorney General may recover damages and such other relief allowed by law, including restitution on behalf of consumers injured by violations of § 46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1, as well as costs and reasonable expenses incurred by the Commonwealth in investigating and preparing the case, including attorney fees.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":303547,"text":"Any consumer aggrieved by the actions of a (i) tow truck driver for an alleged violation of subsection A of § 46.2-118 or § 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1 or (ii) towing and recovery operator for an alleged violation of subsection B of § 46.2-118 or § 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1 may file a complaint with the Division of Consumer Counsel of the Office of the Attorney General for appropriate action in accordance with this section and any other applicable law.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":303548,"text":"The Attorney General may cause an action to be brought in the appropriate circuit court in the name of the Commonwealth to enjoin any violation of § 46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1. The circuit court having jurisdiction may enjoin such violations notwithstanding the existence of an adequate remedy at law. In any action under this section, it shall not be necessary that damages or intent be proved to establish a violation. The standard of proof at trial shall be a preponderance of the evidence. The circuit court may issue temporary or permanent injunctions to restrain and prevent violations of § 46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":303549,"text":"In any action brought under this section, the Attorney General may recover damages and such other relief allowed by law, including restitution on behalf of consumers injured by violations of § 46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1, as well as costs and reasonable expenses incurred by the Commonwealth in investigating and preparing the case, including attorney fees.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14128,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13270,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:57","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:57","permalink":{"id":225293,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14128,"identifier":"1","token":"46.2\/I\/1","url":"\/46.2\/I\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13270,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions; Department of Motor Vehicles","identifier":"I","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:33","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:33","permalink":{"id":225291,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13270,"identifier":"I","token":"46.2\/I","url":"\/46.2\/I\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":82691,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-100","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/46.2-100\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-100","metadata":false},{"id":79952,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-100.1","catch_line":"Certified mail; subsequent mail or notices may be sent by regular mail","url":"\/46.2-100.1\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-100.1","metadata":false},{"id":66965,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-101","catch_line":"Applicability of title to vehicles on certain toll roads and parking facilities","url":"\/46.2-101\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-101","metadata":false},{"id":73192,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-102","catch_line":"Enforcement by law-enforcement officers; officers to be uniformed; officers to be paid fixed salaries","url":"\/46.2-102\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-102","metadata":false},{"id":58256,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-103","catch_line":"Stopping vehicles for inspection or to secure information","url":"\/46.2-103\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-103","metadata":false},{"id":59128,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-104","catch_line":"Possession of registration cards; exhibiting registration card and licenses; failure to carry license or registration card","url":"\/46.2-104\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-104","metadata":false},{"id":66134,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-105","catch_line":"Making false affidavit or swearing falsely, perjury","url":"\/46.2-105\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-105","metadata":false},{"id":56208,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-105.1","catch_line":"Unlawful procurement of certificate, license, or permit; unauthorized possession of examination or answers; unlawful distribution of false operator's license; penalty","url":"\/46.2-105.1\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-105.1","metadata":false},{"id":68909,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-105.2","catch_line":"Obtaining documents from the Department when not entitled thereto; penalty","url":"\/46.2-105.2\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-105.2","metadata":false},{"id":57524,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-106","catch_line":"Reciprocal agreements entered into by Governor","url":"\/46.2-106\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-106","metadata":false},{"id":82668,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-107","catch_line":"Lists of vehicles used for rent or hire, or by contract carriers","url":"\/46.2-107\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-107","metadata":false},{"id":87378,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-108","catch_line":"Records required of persons renting motor vehicles without drivers; inspections; insurance","url":"\/46.2-108\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-108","metadata":false},{"id":78969,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-109","catch_line":"Reports by persons in charge of garages and repair shops; vehicles equipped with bullet-proof glass or smoke projectors or struck by bullets","url":"\/46.2-109\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-109","metadata":false},{"id":74372,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-110","catch_line":"Right to inspect vehicles in garages","url":"\/46.2-110\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-110","metadata":false},{"id":78142,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-111","catch_line":"Flares and other signals relating to stopped commercial motor vehicles","url":"\/46.2-111\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-111","metadata":false},{"id":86621,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-112","catch_line":"Tampering with odometer; penalty; civil liability","url":"\/46.2-112\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-112","metadata":false},{"id":56620,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-113","catch_line":"Violations of this title; penalties","url":"\/46.2-113\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-113","metadata":false},{"id":63404,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-114","catch_line":"Disposition of fines and forfeitures","url":"\/46.2-114\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-114","metadata":false},{"id":83135,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-115","catch_line":"Inapplicability of title on Tangier Island; adoption of local ordinances; penalties","url":"\/46.2-115\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-115","metadata":false},{"id":55270,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-116","catch_line":"Registration with Department of Criminal Justice Services required for tow truck drivers; penalty","url":"\/46.2-116\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-116","metadata":false},{"id":84528,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-117","catch_line":"Revocation and suspension of registration of tow truck driver; notice and hearing; assessment of costs","url":"\/46.2-117\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-117","metadata":false},{"id":82474,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-118","catch_line":"Prohibited acts by tow truck drivers and towing and recovery operators","url":"\/46.2-118\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-118","metadata":false},{"id":84696,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-119","catch_line":"Complaints against tow truck drivers or towing and recovery operators; enforcement by the Office of the Attorney General","url":"\/46.2-119\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-119","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":82474,"structure_id":14128,"section_number":"46.2-118","catch_line":"Prohibited acts by tow truck drivers and towing and recovery operators","url":"\/46.2-118\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-118","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-119\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2012. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 803<\/a> and 835<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":[{"id":55270,"section_number":"46.2-116","catch_line":"Registration with Department of Criminal Justice Services required for tow truck drivers; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-116\/"},{"id":57835,"section_number":"46.2-1233.3","catch_line":"Improper towing; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1233.3\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":82474,"section_number":"46.2-118","catch_line":"Prohibited acts by tow truck drivers and towing and recovery operators","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-118\/"},{"id":60919,"section_number":"46.2-1217","catch_line":"Local governing body may regulate certain towing","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1217\/"},{"id":68405,"section_number":"46.2-1231","catch_line":"Ticketing, removal, or immobilization of trespassing vehicles by owner or operator of parking or other lot or building; charges","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1231\/"},{"id":57172,"section_number":"46.2-1233.1","catch_line":"Limitation on charges for towing and storage of certain vehicles","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1233.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":225383,"object_type":"law","relational_id":84696,"identifier":"46.2-119","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-119","url":"\/46.2-119\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-119\/","token":"46.2\/I\/1\/46.2-119","dublin_core":{"Title":"Complaints against tow truck drivers or towing and recovery operators; enforcement by the Office of the Attorney General","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-119","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Any consumer aggrieved by the actions of a (i) tow truck<\/span> driver<\/span> for an alleged violation of subsection A of § 46.2-118<\/a> or § 46.2-1217<\/a>, 46.2-1231<\/a>, or 46.2-1233.1<\/a> or (ii) towing and recovery operator<\/span> for an alleged violation of subsection B of § 46.2-118<\/a> or § 46.2-1217<\/a>, 46.2-1231<\/a>, or 46.2-1233.1<\/a> may file a complaint with the Division of Consumer Counsel<\/span> of the Office of the Attorney General<\/span> for appropriate action in accordance with this section and any other applicable law<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> The Attorney General<\/span> may cause an action to be brought in the appropriate circuit<\/span> court<\/span> in the name of the Commonwealth to enjoin any violation of § 46.2-118<\/a>, 46.2-1217<\/a>, 46.2-1231<\/a>, or 46.2-1233.1<\/a>. The circuit<\/span> court<\/span> having jurisdiction<\/span> may enjoin such violations notwithstanding the existence of an adequate remedy at law<\/span>. In any action under this section, it shall not be necessary that damages<\/span> or intent<\/span> be proved to establish a violation. The standard of proof<\/span> at trial<\/span> shall be a preponderance of the evidence<\/span>. The circuit<\/span> court<\/span> may issue<\/span> temporary or permanent injunctions<\/span> to restrain and prevent violations of § 46.2-118<\/a>, 46.2-1217<\/a>, 46.2-1231<\/a>, or 46.2-1233.1<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> In any action brought under this section, the Attorney General<\/span> may recover damages<\/span> and such other relief allowed by law<\/span>, including restitution<\/span> on behalf of consumers injured by violations of § 46.2-118<\/a>, 46.2-1217<\/a>, 46.2-1231<\/a>, or 46.2-1233.1<\/a>, as well as costs and reasonable expenses incurred by the Commonwealth in investigating and preparing the case, including attorney fees. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCOMPLAINTS AGAINST TOW TRUCK DRIVERS OR TOWING AND RECOVERY OPERATORS;\nENFORCEMENT BY THE OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL (\u00a7 46.2-119)\n\nA. Any consumer aggrieved by the actions of a (i) tow truck driver for an\nalleged violation of subsection A of § 46.2-118 or § 46.2-1217,\n46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1 or (ii) towing and recovery operator for an alleged\nviolation of subsection B of § 46.2-118 or § 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or\n46.2-1233.1 may file a complaint with the Division of Consumer Counsel of the\nOffice of the Attorney General for appropriate action in accordance with this\nsection and any other applicable law.\n\nB. The Attorney General may cause an action to be brought in the appropriate\ncircuit court in the name of the Commonwealth to enjoin any violation of §\n46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1. The circuit court having\njurisdiction may enjoin such violations notwithstanding the existence of an\nadequate remedy at law. In any action under this section, it shall not be\nnecessary that damages or intent be proved to establish a violation. The\nstandard of proof at trial shall be a preponderance of the evidence. The circuit\ncourt may issue temporary or permanent injunctions to restrain and prevent\nviolations of § 46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or 46.2-1233.1.\n\nC. In any action brought under this section, the Attorney General may recover\ndamages and such other relief allowed by law, including restitution on behalf of\nconsumers injured by violations of § 46.2-118, 46.2-1217, 46.2-1231, or\n46.2-1233.1, as well as costs and reasonable expenses incurred by the\nCommonwealth in investigating and preparing the case, including attorney fees.\n\nHISTORY: 2012, cc. 803, 835.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}