{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-1707.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-1707.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-1707.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-1707.html"}],"law_id":85943,"edition_id":1,"section_id":85943,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1707","catch_line":"Unlawful acts; prosecution; proceedings in equity","history":"1991, c. 214; 2004, c. 587; 2025, c. 79.","full_text":"A\n\nIt is unlawful for any person to engage in any of the following acts:1\n\nPracticing as a driver training school or as an instructor without holding a valid license as required by statute or regulation;2\n\nMaking use of any designation provided by statute or regulation to denote a standard of professional or occupational competence without being duly certified or licensed;3\n\nPerforming any act or function that is restricted by statute or regulation to persons holding a driver training school or instructor license or certification without being duly certified or licensed;4\n\nMaterially misrepresenting facts in an application for licensure, certification, or registration, including applications pursuant to § 46.2-1701;5\n\nWillfully refusing to furnish the Department information or records required or requested pursuant to statute or regulation; or6\n\nViolating any statute or regulation governing the practice of any driver training school or instructor regulated pursuant to this chapter.\n\t\t\t\tAny person who willfully engages in any unlawful act enumerated in this section is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. However, the third or any subsequent conviction for violating this section during a 36-month period shall constitute a Class 6 felony.B\n\nIn addition to the provisions of subsection A, the Department may institute proceedings in equity to enjoin any person from engaging in any unlawful act enumerated in this section. Such proceedings shall be brought in the name of the Commonwealth in the circuit court of the city or county in which the unlawful act occurred or in which the defendant resides.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":307819,"text":"It is unlawful for any person to engage in any of the following acts:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":307820,"text":"Practicing as a driver training school or as an instructor without holding a valid license as required by statute or regulation;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":307821,"text":"Making use of any designation provided by statute or regulation to denote a standard of professional or occupational competence without being duly certified or licensed;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"A3"},"3":{"id":307822,"text":"Performing any act or function that is restricted by statute or regulation to persons holding a driver training school or instructor license or certification without being duly certified or licensed;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"A3","prefix_anchor":"A3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"A4"},"4":{"id":307823,"text":"Materially misrepresenting facts in an application for licensure, certification, or registration, including applications pursuant to § 46.2-1701;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"A4","prefix_anchor":"A4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A3","next_prefix":"A5"},"5":{"id":307824,"text":"Willfully refusing to furnish the Department information or records required or requested pursuant to statute or regulation; or","type":"section","prefixes":["A","5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"A5","prefix_anchor":"A5","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A4","next_prefix":"A6"},"6":{"id":307825,"text":"Violating any statute or regulation governing the practice of any driver training school or instructor regulated pursuant to this chapter.\n\t\t\t\tAny person who willfully engages in any unlawful act enumerated in this section is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. However, the third or any subsequent conviction for violating this section during a 36-month period shall constitute a Class 6 felony.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"A6","prefix_anchor":"A6","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A5","next_prefix":"B"},"7":{"id":307826,"text":"In addition to the provisions of subsection A, the Department may institute proceedings in equity to enjoin any person from engaging in any unlawful act enumerated in this section. Such proceedings shall be brought in the name of the Commonwealth in the circuit court of the city or county in which the unlawful act occurred or in which the defendant resides.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A6"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15453,"edition_id":1,"name":"Driver Training Schools, Generally","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":14445,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:55:08","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:55:08","permalink":{"id":231869,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15453,"identifier":"1","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1","url":"\/46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":14445,"edition_id":1,"name":"Driver Training Schools","identifier":"17","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13355,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:48:10","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:48:10","permalink":{"id":231867,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14445,"identifier":"17","token":"46.2\/IV\/17","url":"\/46.2\/IV\/17\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13355,"edition_id":1,"name":"Dealers and Driver Training Schools","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","permalink":{"id":231065,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13355,"identifier":"IV","token":"46.2\/IV","url":"\/46.2\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":87240,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1700","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/46.2-1700\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1700","metadata":false},{"id":86416,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1701","catch_line":"Licenses required for school and instructor; fees","url":"\/46.2-1701\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1701","metadata":false},{"id":70361,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1701.1","catch_line":"Bond of applicants","url":"\/46.2-1701.1\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1701.1","metadata":false},{"id":79825,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1701.2","catch_line":"Schools required to have established places of business","url":"\/46.2-1701.2\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1701.2","metadata":false},{"id":68531,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1701.3","catch_line":"Records to be maintained; certification of classes","url":"\/46.2-1701.3\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1701.3","metadata":false},{"id":78074,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1701.3:1","catch_line":"Behind-the-wheel examinations","url":"\/46.2-1701.3_1\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1701.3_1","metadata":false},{"id":77596,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1701.4","catch_line":"Reports and records of licensed computer-based driver education providers","url":"\/46.2-1701.4\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1701.4","metadata":false},{"id":80192,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1702","catch_line":"Certification of driver education courses by Commissioner","url":"\/46.2-1702\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1702","metadata":false},{"id":69466,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1703","catch_line":"Authority to promulgate regulations","url":"\/46.2-1703\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1703","metadata":false},{"id":68286,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1704","catch_line":"Action on applications; hearing on denial","url":"\/46.2-1704\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1704","metadata":false},{"id":58859,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1705","catch_line":"Suspension, revocation, cancellation, or refusal to renew license; limitations on operations; imposition of monetary penalties","url":"\/46.2-1705\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1705","metadata":false},{"id":70561,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1706","catch_line":"Civil penalties","url":"\/46.2-1706\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1706","metadata":false},{"id":85943,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1707","catch_line":"Unlawful acts; prosecution; proceedings in equity","url":"\/46.2-1707\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1707","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":70561,"structure_id":15453,"section_number":"46.2-1706","catch_line":"Civil penalties","url":"\/46.2-1706\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1706","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-1707\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1991. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 214 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1991 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2004, chapter 587<\/a>; in 2025, chapter 79<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":68286,"section_number":"46.2-1704","catch_line":"Action on applications; hearing on denial","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1704\/"},{"id":58859,"section_number":"46.2-1705","catch_line":"Suspension, revocation, cancellation, or refusal to renew license; limitations on operations; imposition of monetary penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1705\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":86416,"section_number":"46.2-1701","catch_line":"Licenses required for school and instructor; fees","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1701\/"}],"permalink":{"id":231919,"object_type":"law","relational_id":85943,"identifier":"46.2-1707","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1707","url":"\/46.2-1707\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-1707\/","token":"46.2\/IV\/17\/1\/46.2-1707","dublin_core":{"Title":"Unlawful acts; prosecution; proceedings in equity","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-1707","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> It is unlawful for any person to engage in any of the following acts: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Practicing as a driver training school<\/span> or as an instructor<\/span> without holding a valid license as required by statute<\/span> or regulation; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Making use of any designation provided by statute<\/span> or regulation to denote a standard of professional or occupational competence without being duly certified or licensed; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Performing any act or function that is restricted by statute<\/span> or regulation to persons holding a driver training school<\/span> or instructor<\/span> license or certification without being duly certified or licensed; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Materially misrepresenting facts<\/span> in an application for licensure, certification, or registration, including applications pursuant to § 46.2-1701<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Willfully refusing to furnish the Department<\/span> information or records required or requested pursuant to statute<\/span> or regulation; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> Violating any statute<\/span> or regulation governing the practice of any driver training school<\/span> or instructor<\/span> regulated pursuant to this chapter.\n\t\t\t\tAny person who willfully engages in any unlawful act enumerated in this section is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor<\/span>. However, the third or any subsequent conviction<\/span> for violating this section during a 36-month period shall constitute a Class 6 felony<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> In addition to the provisions of subsection A, the Department<\/span> may institute proceedings in equity<\/span> to enjoin any person from engaging in any unlawful act enumerated in this section. Such proceedings shall be brought in the name of the Commonwealth in the circuit<\/span> court<\/span> of the city or county in which the unlawful act occurred or in which the defendant<\/span> resides. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nUNLAWFUL ACTS; PROSECUTION; PROCEEDINGS IN EQUITY (\u00a7 46.2-1707)\n\nA. It is unlawful for any person to engage in any of the following acts:\n\n 1. Practicing as a driver training school or as an instructor without holding\n a valid license as required by statute or regulation;\n\n 2. Making use of any designation provided by statute or regulation to denote a\n standard of professional or occupational competence without being duly\n certified or licensed;\n\n 3. Performing any act or function that is restricted by statute or regulation\n to persons holding a driver training school or instructor license or\n certification without being duly certified or licensed;\n\n 4. Materially misrepresenting facts in an application for licensure,\n certification, or registration, including applications pursuant to §\n 46.2-1701;\n\n 5. Willfully refusing to furnish the Department information or records\n required or requested pursuant to statute or regulation; or\n\n 6. Violating any statute or regulation governing the practice of any driver\n training school or instructor regulated pursuant to this chapter.\n \t\t\t\tAny person who willfully engages in any unlawful act enumerated in this\n section is guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor. However, the third or any\n subsequent conviction for violating this section during a 36-month period\n shall constitute a Class 6 felony.\n\nB. In addition to the provisions of subsection A, the Department may institute\nproceedings in equity to enjoin any person from engaging in any unlawful act\nenumerated in this section. Such proceedings shall be brought in the name of the\nCommonwealth in the circuit court of the city or county in which the unlawful\nact occurred or in which the defendant resides.\n\nHISTORY: 1991, c. 214; 2004, c. 587; 2025, c. 79.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}