{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-2011.20.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-2011.20.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-2011.20.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-2011.20.html"}],"law_id":80046,"edition_id":1,"section_id":80046,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.20","catch_line":"Unlawful use of registration and identification markers","history":"2001, c. 596; 2015, cc. 2, 3; 2017, cc. 694, 708.","full_text":"It shall be unlawful for any person to operate or cause to be operated on any highway in the Commonwealth any motor vehicle that (i) does not carry the proper registration and identification that this chapter requires, (ii) does not display an identification marker in such manner as is prescribed by the Department, or (iii) bears registration or identification markers of persons whose license, permit, or certificate issued by the Department has been canceled, revoked, or suspended or whose renewal thereof has been denied in accordance with this chapter.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":286666,"text":"It shall be unlawful for any person to operate or cause to be operated on any highway in the Commonwealth any motor vehicle that (i) does not carry the proper registration and identification that this chapter requires, (ii) does not display an identification marker in such manner as is prescribed by the Department, or (iii) bears registration or identification markers of persons whose license, permit, or certificate issued by the Department has been canceled, revoked, or suspended or whose renewal thereof has been denied in accordance with this chapter.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13602,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Carriers of Passengers -- Generally","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13319,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:21","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:21","permalink":{"id":231969,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13602,"identifier":"1","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1","url":"\/46.2\/V\/20\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13319,"edition_id":1,"name":"Regulation of Passenger Carriers","identifier":"20","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13318,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:38","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:38","permalink":{"id":231967,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13319,"identifier":"20","token":"46.2\/V\/20","url":"\/46.2\/V\/20\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13318,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Carriers","identifier":"V","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:38","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:38","permalink":{"id":231965,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13318,"identifier":"V","token":"46.2\/V","url":"\/46.2\/V\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":70585,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2000","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/46.2-2000\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2000","metadata":false},{"id":61587,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2000.1","catch_line":"Vehicles excluded from operation of chapter","url":"\/46.2-2000.1\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2000.1","metadata":false},{"id":64116,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2000.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2000.2\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2000.2","metadata":false},{"id":60745,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2000.3","catch_line":"Disposition of funds collected","url":"\/46.2-2000.3\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2000.3","metadata":false},{"id":57606,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2001","catch_line":"Regulation by Department; reports; prevention of discrimination; regulation of leasing of motor vehicles","url":"\/46.2-2001\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2001","metadata":false},{"id":56883,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2001.1","catch_line":"License, permit, or certificate required","url":"\/46.2-2001.1\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2001.1","metadata":false},{"id":77508,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2001.2","catch_line":"Identification marker required","url":"\/46.2-2001.2\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2001.2","metadata":false},{"id":87169,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2001.3","catch_line":"Application; notice requirements","url":"\/46.2-2001.3\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2001.3","metadata":false},{"id":54570,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2002","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2002\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2002","metadata":false},{"id":78145,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2005","catch_line":"Action on applications; 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misdemeanor; ejection","url":"\/46.2-2011.18\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.18","metadata":false},{"id":63428,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.19","catch_line":"Vehicle seizure; penalty","url":"\/46.2-2011.19\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.19","metadata":false},{"id":82881,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.2","catch_line":"Temporary emergency operation","url":"\/46.2-2011.2\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.2","metadata":false},{"id":80046,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.20","catch_line":"Unlawful use of registration and identification markers","url":"\/46.2-2011.20\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.20","metadata":false},{"id":60166,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.21","catch_line":"Registration and identification violations; penalties","url":"\/46.2-2011.21\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.21","metadata":false},{"id":82213,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.22","catch_line":"Violation; criminal penalties","url":"\/46.2-2011.22\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.22","metadata":false},{"id":81998,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.23","catch_line":"Violations; civil penalties","url":"\/46.2-2011.23\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.23","metadata":false},{"id":54936,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.24","catch_line":"Grounds for denying, suspending, or revoking licenses, permits, or certificates","url":"\/46.2-2011.24\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.24","metadata":false},{"id":60339,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.25","catch_line":"Altering or amending licenses, permits, or certificates","url":"\/46.2-2011.25\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.25","metadata":false},{"id":69988,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.26","catch_line":"Suspension, revocation, and refusal to renew licenses, permits, or certificates; notice and hearing","url":"\/46.2-2011.26\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.26","metadata":false},{"id":74287,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.27","catch_line":"Basis for reinstatement of suspended licenses, permits, or certificates; reinstatement fees","url":"\/46.2-2011.27\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.27","metadata":false},{"id":61508,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.28","catch_line":"Basis for relicensure after revocation of licenses, permits, or certificates; fees","url":"\/46.2-2011.28\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.28","metadata":false},{"id":87281,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.29","catch_line":"Surrender of identification marker, license plate, and registration card; removal by law enforcement; operation of vehicle denied","url":"\/46.2-2011.29\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.29","metadata":false},{"id":73468,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.3","catch_line":"Issuance, expiration, and renewal of license, permit, and certificate","url":"\/46.2-2011.3\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.3","metadata":false},{"id":79844,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.30","catch_line":"No property rights in highways conferred by chapter","url":"\/46.2-2011.30\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.30","metadata":false},{"id":72228,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.31","catch_line":"Licenses, taxes, etc., not affected","url":"\/46.2-2011.31\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.31","metadata":false},{"id":82246,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.32","catch_line":"Title to plates and markers","url":"\/46.2-2011.32\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.32","metadata":false},{"id":77623,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.33","catch_line":"Prohibition on taxicab operators; registered sex offender","url":"\/46.2-2011.33\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.33","metadata":false},{"id":78242,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.4","catch_line":"Conversion of contract bus certificates","url":"\/46.2-2011.4\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.4","metadata":false},{"id":80835,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.5","catch_line":"Filing and application fees","url":"\/46.2-2011.5\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.5","metadata":false},{"id":72597,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.6","catch_line":"Vehicle fees","url":"\/46.2-2011.6\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.6","metadata":false},{"id":65747,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.7","catch_line":"Certificate holders must provide services","url":"\/46.2-2011.7\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.7","metadata":false},{"id":79243,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.8","catch_line":"Transfers of certificates of public convenience and necessity","url":"\/46.2-2011.8\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.8","metadata":false},{"id":65974,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.9","catch_line":"Bond and letter of credit requirements","url":"\/46.2-2011.9\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.9","metadata":false},{"id":81591,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2012","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2012\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2012","metadata":false},{"id":57822,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2042","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2042\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2042","metadata":false},{"id":75502,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2043","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2043\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2043","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":82881,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.2","catch_line":"Temporary emergency operation","url":"\/46.2-2011.2\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.2","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":60166,"structure_id":13602,"section_number":"46.2-2011.21","catch_line":"Registration and identification violations; penalties","url":"\/46.2-2011.21\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.21","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-2011.20\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2001. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0596\">596<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2015, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?151+ful+CHAP0002\">2<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?151+ful+CHAP0003\">3<\/a>; in 2017, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?171+ful+CHAP0694\">694<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?171+ful+CHAP0708\">708<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":232071,"object_type":"law","relational_id":80046,"identifier":"46.2-2011.20","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.20","url":"\/46.2-2011.20\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-2011.20\/","token":"46.2\/V\/20\/1\/46.2-2011.20","dublin_core":{"Title":"Unlawful use of registration and identification markers","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-2011.20","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>It shall be unlawful for any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> to operate or cause to be operated on any <span class=\"dictionary\">highway<\/span> in the Commonwealth any <span class=\"dictionary\">motor vehicle<\/span> that (i) does not carry the proper registration and identification that this chapter requires, (ii) does not display an <span class=\"dictionary\">identification marker<\/span> in such manner as is prescribed by the <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span>, or (iii) bears registration or <span class=\"dictionary\">identification markers<\/span> of <span class=\"dictionary\">persons<\/span> whose <span class=\"dictionary\">license<\/span>, <span class=\"dictionary\">permit<\/span>, or <span class=\"dictionary\">certificate<\/span> issued by the <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span> has been canceled, revoked, or suspended or whose renewal thereof has been denied in accordance with this chapter.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nUNLAWFUL USE OF REGISTRATION AND IDENTIFICATION MARKERS (\u00a7 46.2-2011.20)\n\nIt shall be unlawful for any person to operate or cause to be operated on any\nhighway in the Commonwealth any motor vehicle that (i) does not carry the proper\nregistration and identification that this chapter requires, (ii) does not\ndisplay an identification marker in such manner as is prescribed by the\nDepartment, or (iii) bears registration or identification markers of persons\nwhose license, permit, or certificate issued by the Department has been\ncanceled, revoked, or suspended or whose renewal thereof has been denied in\naccordance with this chapter.\n\nHISTORY: 2001, c. 596; 2015, cc. 2, 3; 2017, cc. 694, 708.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}