{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-2128.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-2128.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-2128.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-2128.html"}],"law_id":58427,"edition_id":1,"section_id":58427,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2128","catch_line":"Vehicle seizure; penalty","history":"2001, c. 596.","full_text":"A\n\nAny police officer of the Commonwealth authorized to serve process may hold a motor vehicle owned by a person against whom an order or penalty has been entered, but only for such time as is reasonably necessary to promptly petition for a writ of fieri facias. The Commonwealth shall not be required to post bond in order to hold and levy upon any vehicle held pursuant to this section.B\n\nUpon notification of the judgment or penalty entered against the owner of the vehicle and notice to such person of the failure to satisfy the judgment or penalty, any investigator, special agent, or officer of the Commonwealth shall thereafter deny the offending person the right to operate the motor vehicle on the highways of the Commonwealth.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":213932,"text":"Any police officer of the Commonwealth authorized to serve process may hold a motor vehicle owned by a person against whom an order or penalty has been entered, but only for such time as is reasonably necessary to promptly petition for a writ of fieri facias. The Commonwealth shall not be required to post bond in order to hold and levy upon any vehicle held pursuant to this section.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":213933,"text":"Upon notification of the judgment or penalty entered against the owner of the vehicle and notice to such person of the failure to satisfy the judgment or penalty, any investigator, special agent, or officer of the Commonwealth shall thereafter deny the offending person the right to operate the motor vehicle on the highways of the Commonwealth.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13445,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Carriers of Property -- Generally","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13444,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:54","permalink":{"id":232517,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13445,"identifier":"1","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1","url":"\/46.2\/V\/21\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13444,"edition_id":1,"name":"Regulation of Property Carriers","identifier":"21","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13318,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:54","permalink":{"id":232515,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13444,"identifier":"21","token":"46.2\/V\/21","url":"\/46.2\/V\/21\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13318,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Carriers","identifier":"V","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:38","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:38","permalink":{"id":231965,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13318,"identifier":"V","token":"46.2\/V","url":"\/46.2\/V\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":85084,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2100","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/46.2-2100\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2100","metadata":false},{"id":68493,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2101","catch_line":"Exemptions from chapter","url":"\/46.2-2101\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2101","metadata":false},{"id":86770,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2102","catch_line":"Compliance with chapter required","url":"\/46.2-2102\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2102","metadata":false},{"id":65539,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2103","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2103\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2103","metadata":false},{"id":56247,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2108.1","catch_line":"Disposition of funds collected","url":"\/46.2-2108.1\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2108.1","metadata":false},{"id":84548,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2108.2","catch_line":"Necessity of a permit or certificate","url":"\/46.2-2108.2\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2108.2","metadata":false},{"id":59213,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2108.3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2108.3\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2108.3","metadata":false},{"id":65235,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2108.4","catch_line":"Application; notice requirements","url":"\/46.2-2108.4\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2108.4","metadata":false},{"id":61323,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2108.5","catch_line":"Registered for fuels tax; business, professional, and occupational license taxes","url":"\/46.2-2108.5\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2108.5","metadata":false},{"id":68542,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2108.6","catch_line":"Considerations for determination of issuance of permit, or certificate","url":"\/46.2-2108.6\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2108.6","metadata":false},{"id":64408,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2109","catch_line":"Action on applications; hearings on denials and protests","url":"\/46.2-2109\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2109","metadata":false},{"id":80632,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2110","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2110\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2110","metadata":false},{"id":87417,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2114.1","catch_line":"Expired","url":"\/46.2-2114.1\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2114.1","metadata":false},{"id":73412,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2115","catch_line":"Determination for issuance of permit or certificate","url":"\/46.2-2115\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2115","metadata":false},{"id":72828,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2116","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2116\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2116","metadata":false},{"id":79672,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2117","catch_line":"Temporary emergency operation","url":"\/46.2-2117\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2117","metadata":false},{"id":75174,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2118","catch_line":"Issuance, expiration, and renewal of permit and certificate","url":"\/46.2-2118\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2118","metadata":false},{"id":69533,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2119","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2119\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2119","metadata":false},{"id":71425,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2120","catch_line":"Filing and application fees","url":"\/46.2-2120\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2120","metadata":false},{"id":62672,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2121","catch_line":"Vehicle fees","url":"\/46.2-2121\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2121","metadata":false},{"id":56588,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2121.1","catch_line":"Declaration of for-hire operation; presumption of nonbusiness use","url":"\/46.2-2121.1\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2121.1","metadata":false},{"id":83423,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2122","catch_line":"Bond and letter of credit requirements of applicants for certificate","url":"\/46.2-2122\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2122","metadata":false},{"id":72841,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2123","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-2123\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2123","metadata":false},{"id":76034,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2124","catch_line":"Notice of discontinuance of service","url":"\/46.2-2124\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2124","metadata":false},{"id":78118,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2125","catch_line":"Reports, records, etc","url":"\/46.2-2125\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2125","metadata":false},{"id":86441,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2126","catch_line":"Certificate or permit holder not relieved of liability for negligence","url":"\/46.2-2126\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2126","metadata":false},{"id":58068,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2127","catch_line":"Freight bill violation","url":"\/46.2-2127\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2127","metadata":false},{"id":58427,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2128","catch_line":"Vehicle seizure; penalty","url":"\/46.2-2128\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2128","metadata":false},{"id":70819,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2129","catch_line":"Unlawful use of registration and identification markers","url":"\/46.2-2129\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2129","metadata":false},{"id":56166,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2130","catch_line":"Registration violations; penalties","url":"\/46.2-2130\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2130","metadata":false},{"id":75052,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2131","catch_line":"Violation; criminal penalties","url":"\/46.2-2131\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2131","metadata":false},{"id":62350,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2132","catch_line":"Violations; civil penalties","url":"\/46.2-2132\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2132","metadata":false},{"id":85153,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2133","catch_line":"Grounds for denying, suspending, or revoking certificates","url":"\/46.2-2133\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2133","metadata":false},{"id":82953,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2134","catch_line":"Grounds for denying, suspending, or revoking permits","url":"\/46.2-2134\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2134","metadata":false},{"id":71443,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2135","catch_line":"Altering or amending permits or certificates","url":"\/46.2-2135\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2135","metadata":false},{"id":69264,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2136","catch_line":"Suspension, revocation, and refusal to renew permit or certificate; notice and hearing","url":"\/46.2-2136\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2136","metadata":false},{"id":65776,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2137","catch_line":"Basis for reinstatement of suspended permits or certificates; reinstatement fees","url":"\/46.2-2137\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2137","metadata":false},{"id":81379,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2138","catch_line":"Basis for reissuance after revocation of permits or certificates; fees","url":"\/46.2-2138\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2138","metadata":false},{"id":54406,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2139","catch_line":"Surrender of license plate and registration card; removal by law enforcement; operation of vehicle denied","url":"\/46.2-2139\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2139","metadata":false},{"id":61219,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2140","catch_line":"Title to plates","url":"\/46.2-2140\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2140","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":58068,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2127","catch_line":"Freight bill violation","url":"\/46.2-2127\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2127","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":70819,"structure_id":13445,"section_number":"46.2-2129","catch_line":"Unlawful use of registration and identification markers","url":"\/46.2-2129\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2129","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-2128\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2001. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0596\">596<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":232627,"object_type":"law","relational_id":58427,"identifier":"46.2-2128","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2128","url":"\/46.2-2128\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-2128\/","token":"46.2\/V\/21\/1\/46.2-2128","dublin_core":{"Title":"Vehicle seizure; penalty","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-2128","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Any police officer of the Commonwealth authorized to serve process may hold a <span class=\"dictionary\">motor vehicle<\/span> owned by a <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> against whom an <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span> has been entered, but only for such time as is reasonably necessary to promptly <span class=\"dictionary\">petition<\/span> for a <span class=\"dictionary\">writ of fieri facias<\/span>. The Commonwealth shall not be required to post <span class=\"dictionary\">bond<\/span> in <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> to hold and <span class=\"dictionary\">levy<\/span> upon any vehicle held pursuant to this section. <a id=\"paragraph-213932\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/46.2-2128\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> Upon notification of the <span class=\"dictionary\">judgment<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span> entered against the <span class=\"dictionary\">owner<\/span> of the vehicle and notice to such <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> of the failure to satisfy the <span class=\"dictionary\">judgment<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span>, any investigator, special <span class=\"dictionary\">agent<\/span>, or officer of the Commonwealth shall thereafter deny the offending <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> the right to operate the <span class=\"dictionary\">motor vehicle<\/span> on the <span class=\"dictionary\"><span class=\"dictionary\">highways<\/span><\/span> of the Commonwealth. <a id=\"paragraph-213933\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/46.2-2128\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nVEHICLE SEIZURE; PENALTY (\u00a7 46.2-2128)\n\nA. Any police officer of the Commonwealth authorized to serve process may hold a\nmotor vehicle owned by a person against whom an order or penalty has been\nentered, but only for such time as is reasonably necessary to promptly petition\nfor a writ of fieri facias. The Commonwealth shall not be required to post bond\nin order to hold and levy upon any vehicle held pursuant to this section.\n\nB. Upon notification of the judgment or penalty entered against the owner of the\nvehicle and notice to such person of the failure to satisfy the judgment or\npenalty, any investigator, special agent, or officer of the Commonwealth shall\nthereafter deny the offending person the right to operate the motor vehicle on\nthe highways of the Commonwealth.\n\nHISTORY: 2001, c. 596.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}