{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-452.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-452.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-452.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-452.html"}],"law_id":57448,"edition_id":1,"section_id":57448,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-452","catch_line":"Parties to suit on bond with individual sureties","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 46-473; 1958, c. 541, \u00a7 46.1-484; 1989, c. 727.","full_text":"When the sureties on the bond filed with the Commissioner as provided in this chapter are individuals the judgment creditor may proceed against any or all parties to the bond at law for a judgment or in equity for a decree and foreclosure of the lien on the real estate of the sureties. The proceeding whether at law or in equity may be against one, all, or any intermediate number of the parties to the bond and when less than all are joined other or others may be impleaded in the same proceeding and after final judgment or decree other proceedings may be instituted until full satisfaction is obtained.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":210492,"text":"When the sureties on the bond filed with the Commissioner as provided in this chapter are individuals the judgment creditor may proceed against any or all parties to the bond at law for a judgment or in equity for a decree and foreclosure of the lien on the real estate of the sureties. The proceeding whether at law or in equity may be against one, all, or any intermediate number of the parties to the bond and when less than all are joined other or others may be impleaded in the same proceeding and after final judgment or decree other proceedings may be instituted until full satisfaction is obtained.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13021,"edition_id":1,"name":"Proof of Financial Responsibility","identifier":"15","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12772,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:09","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:09","permalink":{"id":226003,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13021,"identifier":"15","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15","url":"\/46.2\/II\/3\/15\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12772,"edition_id":1,"name":"Licensure of Drivers","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12771,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225629,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12772,"identifier":"3","token":"46.2\/II\/3","url":"\/46.2\/II\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12771,"edition_id":1,"name":"Titling, Registration and Licensure","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225627,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12771,"identifier":"II","token":"46.2\/II","url":"\/46.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":56178,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-435","catch_line":"Proof of financial responsibility to be furnished for each vehicle","url":"\/46.2-435\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-435","metadata":false},{"id":86692,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-436","catch_line":"Methods of proving financial responsibility","url":"\/46.2-436\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-436","metadata":false},{"id":59435,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-437","catch_line":"Proof of financial responsibility by owner in lieu of driver","url":"\/46.2-437\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-437","metadata":false},{"id":81242,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-438","catch_line":"Proof by owner of vehicles operated under permit or certificate of State Corporation Commission or Department of Motor Vehicles","url":"\/46.2-438\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-438","metadata":false},{"id":59690,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-439","catch_line":"Proof of financial responsibility in the future","url":"\/46.2-439\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-439","metadata":false},{"id":76063,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-440","catch_line":"Certificate for nonresident may be by carrier not qualified in Commonwealth","url":"\/46.2-440\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-440","metadata":false},{"id":83456,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-441","catch_line":"Nonresident may file proof of financial responsibility in the future from insurance company or other state-authorized entity providing insurance","url":"\/46.2-441\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-441","metadata":false},{"id":82791,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-442","catch_line":"Default of foreign insurance carrier","url":"\/46.2-442\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-442","metadata":false},{"id":72138,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-443","catch_line":"Chapter not applicable to certain policies of insurance","url":"\/46.2-443\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-443","metadata":false},{"id":67708,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-444","catch_line":"Surety requirements of bond","url":"\/46.2-444\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-444","metadata":false},{"id":63707,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-445","catch_line":"How bond to be conditioned","url":"\/46.2-445\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-445","metadata":false},{"id":58275,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-446","catch_line":"Notice to Commissioner prerequisite to cancellation of bond; cancellation not to affect rights arising prior thereto","url":"\/46.2-446\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-446","metadata":false},{"id":67442,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-447","catch_line":"Bond to constitute lien on real estate of surety","url":"\/46.2-447\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-447","metadata":false},{"id":63036,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-448","catch_line":"Notice of cancellation; record; fees","url":"\/46.2-448\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-448","metadata":false},{"id":64220,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-449","catch_line":"Cancellation of bond with individual sureties; certificates of cancellation","url":"\/46.2-449\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-449","metadata":false},{"id":57185,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-450","catch_line":"Order discharging lien of bond","url":"\/46.2-450\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-450","metadata":false},{"id":70316,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-451","catch_line":"Action or suit on bond","url":"\/46.2-451\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-451","metadata":false},{"id":57448,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-452","catch_line":"Parties to suit on bond with individual sureties","url":"\/46.2-452\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-452","metadata":false},{"id":71761,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-453","catch_line":"Proof of financial responsibility by delivering cash or securities","url":"\/46.2-453\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-453","metadata":false},{"id":65751,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-454","catch_line":"Moneys or securities to be deposited with State Treasurer subject to execution","url":"\/46.2-454\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-454","metadata":false},{"id":74991,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-455","catch_line":"Assessment for expense of holding deposits","url":"\/46.2-455\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-455","metadata":false},{"id":54090,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-456","catch_line":"Additional security if fund impaired by any legal process, or otherwise","url":"\/46.2-456\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-456","metadata":false},{"id":62434,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-457","catch_line":"Substitution of new proof; cancellation or return of old","url":"\/46.2-457\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-457","metadata":false},{"id":80093,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-458","catch_line":"Interpleader to determine rights in deposits; other proceedings","url":"\/46.2-458\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-458","metadata":false},{"id":80162,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-459","catch_line":"When other proof of financial responsibility required; suspension of license pending furnishing of proof required","url":"\/46.2-459\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-459","metadata":false},{"id":59401,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-460","catch_line":"When Commissioner to consent to cancellation of bond or policy, or return of money or securities","url":"\/46.2-460\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-460","metadata":false},{"id":57581,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-461","catch_line":"When Commissioner not to release proof of financial responsibility; affidavit of nonexistence of facts","url":"\/46.2-461\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-461","metadata":false},{"id":67029,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-462","catch_line":"New license or registration to person to whom proof surrendered","url":"\/46.2-462\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-462","metadata":false},{"id":68440,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-463","catch_line":"Penalty for forging evidence of financial responsibility","url":"\/46.2-463\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-463","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":70316,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-451","catch_line":"Action or suit on bond","url":"\/46.2-451\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-451","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":71761,"structure_id":13021,"section_number":"46.2-453","catch_line":"Proof of financial responsibility by delivering cash or securities","url":"\/46.2-453\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-453","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-452\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1958, chapter 541; in 1989, chapter 727.<\/p>","references":[{"id":59390,"section_number":"5.1-88.3","catch_line":"Certain sections of Code incorporated by reference; definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/5.1-88.3\/"},{"id":78986,"section_number":"5.1-88.9","catch_line":"Certain sections of Code incorporated by reference; definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/5.1-88.9\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":226073,"object_type":"law","relational_id":57448,"identifier":"46.2-452","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-452","url":"\/46.2-452\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-452\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/15\/46.2-452","dublin_core":{"Title":"Parties to suit on bond with individual sureties","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-452","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>When the sureties on the <span class=\"dictionary\">bond<\/span> filed with the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> as provided in this chapter are individuals the <span class=\"dictionary\">judgment creditor<\/span> may proceed against any or all parties to the <span class=\"dictionary\">bond<\/span> at <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> for a judgment or in <span class=\"dictionary\">equity<\/span> for a <span class=\"dictionary\">decree<\/span> and foreclosure of the <span class=\"dictionary\">lien<\/span> on the real estate of the sureties. The proceeding whether at <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> or in <span class=\"dictionary\">equity<\/span> may be against one, all, or any intermediate number of the parties to the <span class=\"dictionary\">bond<\/span> and when less than all are joined other or others may be impleaded in the same proceeding and after final judgment or <span class=\"dictionary\">decree<\/span> other proceedings may be instituted until full satisfaction is obtained.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPARTIES TO SUIT ON BOND WITH INDIVIDUAL SURETIES (\u00a7 46.2-452)\n\nWhen the sureties on the bond filed with the Commissioner as provided in this\nchapter are individuals the judgment creditor may proceed against any or all\nparties to the bond at law for a judgment or in equity for a decree and\nforeclosure of the lien on the real estate of the sureties. The proceeding\nwhether at law or in equity may be against one, all, or any intermediate number\nof the parties to the bond and when less than all are joined other or others may\nbe impleaded in the same proceeding and after final judgment or decree other\nproceedings may be instituted until full satisfaction is obtained.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 46-473; 1958, c. 541, \u00a7 46.1-484; 1989, c. 727.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}