{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-490.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-490.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-490.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-490.html"}],"law_id":81559,"edition_id":1,"section_id":81559,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490","catch_line":"Establishment of driver improvement clinic program; application fees","history":"1974, c. 453, \u00a7 46.1-514.3; 1989, c. 727; 1995, c. 672; 2002, c. 177; 2004, c. 622; 2007, c. 180; 2023, cc. 308, 309.","full_text":"A\n\nThe Commissioner shall, in his discretion, contract with such entities as the Commissioner deems fit, including private or governmental entities, to develop curricula for a statewide driver improvement clinic program. Such program shall include instruction concerning but not limited to (i) alcohol and drug abuse, (ii) aggressive driving, (iii) distracted driving, (iv) motorcycle awareness, and (v) work zone safety. The driver improvement clinic program shall be established for the purpose of instructing persons identified by the Department and the court system as problem drivers in need of driver improvement education and training and for those drivers interested in improved driving safety. The clinics shall be composed of uniform education and training programs designed for the rehabilitation of problem drivers, and for the purpose of creating a lasting and corrective influence on their driving performance. The clinics shall operate in localities based on their geographical location so as to be reasonably accessible to persons attending these clinics.B\n\nAll businesses, organizations, governmental entities or individuals that want to provide driver improvement clinic instruction as a driver improvement clinic or instructor in the Commonwealth using approved curricula shall apply to the Department to be licensed to do so, based on criteria established by the Department. Such license shall be valid for a period of two years. A nonrefundable license application fee of $150 shall be paid to the Department by all such businesses, organizations, governmental entities or individuals. A nonrefundable license fee of $40 shall also be paid for each additional clinic location operated by a clinic. A nonrefundable license fee of $75 shall be paid to the Department by a person applying for a clinic instructor license.\n\t\t\tThe first certification issued for additional clinic locations and clinic instructors shall expire on the same date the original clinic’s certification expires, and the first application or license fee may be prorated on a monthly basis. Thereafter, the renewal period for any additional clinic locations and clinic instructors shall match that of the original clinic.\n\t\t\tHowever, neither the license application fee for each additional clinic location nor the license application fee for a clinic instructor license shall be required of or collected from the Virginia Association of Volunteer Rescue Squads or its members in connection with clinics that are provided for emergency vehicle operation training. All such application fees collected by the Department shall be paid by the Commissioner into the state treasury and shall be set aside as a special fund to be used to meet the expenses of the Department.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":292122,"text":"The Commissioner shall, in his discretion, contract with such entities as the Commissioner deems fit, including private or governmental entities, to develop curricula for a statewide driver improvement clinic program. Such program shall include instruction concerning but not limited to (i) alcohol and drug abuse, (ii) aggressive driving, (iii) distracted driving, (iv) motorcycle awareness, and (v) work zone safety. The driver improvement clinic program shall be established for the purpose of instructing persons identified by the Department and the court system as problem drivers in need of driver improvement education and training and for those drivers interested in improved driving safety. The clinics shall be composed of uniform education and training programs designed for the rehabilitation of problem drivers, and for the purpose of creating a lasting and corrective influence on their driving performance. The clinics shall operate in localities based on their geographical location so as to be reasonably accessible to persons attending these clinics.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":292123,"text":"All businesses, organizations, governmental entities or individuals that want to provide driver improvement clinic instruction as a driver improvement clinic or instructor in the Commonwealth using approved curricula shall apply to the Department to be licensed to do so, based on criteria established by the Department. Such license shall be valid for a period of two years. A nonrefundable license application fee of $150 shall be paid to the Department by all such businesses, organizations, governmental entities or individuals. A nonrefundable license fee of $40 shall also be paid for each additional clinic location operated by a clinic. A nonrefundable license fee of $75 shall be paid to the Department by a person applying for a clinic instructor license.\n\t\t\tThe first certification issued for additional clinic locations and clinic instructors shall expire on the same date the original clinic’s certification expires, and the first application or license fee may be prorated on a monthly basis. Thereafter, the renewal period for any additional clinic locations and clinic instructors shall match that of the original clinic.\n\t\t\tHowever, neither the license application fee for each additional clinic location nor the license application fee for a clinic instructor license shall be required of or collected from the Virginia Association of Volunteer Rescue Squads or its members in connection with clinics that are provided for emergency vehicle operation training. All such application fees collected by the Department shall be paid by the Commissioner into the state treasury and shall be set aside as a special fund to be used to meet the expenses of the Department.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13891,"edition_id":1,"name":"Driver Improvement Program","identifier":"19","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12772,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:12","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:12","permalink":{"id":226227,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13891,"identifier":"19","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19","url":"\/46.2\/II\/3\/19\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12772,"edition_id":1,"name":"Licensure of Drivers","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12771,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225629,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12772,"identifier":"3","token":"46.2\/II\/3","url":"\/46.2\/II\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12771,"edition_id":1,"name":"Titling, Registration and Licensure","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225627,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12771,"identifier":"II","token":"46.2\/II","url":"\/46.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":62223,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-489","catch_line":"Regulations; appeals","url":"\/46.2-489\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-489","metadata":false},{"id":81559,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490","catch_line":"Establishment of driver improvement clinic program; application fees","url":"\/46.2-490\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490","metadata":false},{"id":85583,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.1","catch_line":"Section 46.2-391.1 not applicable","url":"\/46.2-490.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.1","metadata":false},{"id":86963,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.10","catch_line":"Changes in form of ownership or name","url":"\/46.2-490.10\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.10","metadata":false},{"id":58173,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.11","catch_line":"Reports, records of licensed computer-based clinic providers","url":"\/46.2-490.11\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.11","metadata":false},{"id":59819,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-490.2\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.2","metadata":false},{"id":68150,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.3","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/46.2-490.3\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.3","metadata":false},{"id":87405,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.4","catch_line":"Action on applications; hearing on denial","url":"\/46.2-490.4\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.4","metadata":false},{"id":56759,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.5","catch_line":"Suspension, revocation, cancellation or refusal to renew clinic license or instructor license; imposition of monetary penalties","url":"\/46.2-490.5\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.5","metadata":false},{"id":68957,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.6","catch_line":"Civil penalties","url":"\/46.2-490.6\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.6","metadata":false},{"id":61153,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.7","catch_line":"Acts of owners, operators, officers, directors, partners, and instructors","url":"\/46.2-490.7\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.7","metadata":false},{"id":85829,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.8","catch_line":"Grounds for denying, suspending, or revoking licenses of clinics and clinic instructors","url":"\/46.2-490.8\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.8","metadata":false},{"id":73960,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.9","catch_line":"Unlawful acts; prosecution; proceedings in equity","url":"\/46.2-490.9\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.9","metadata":false},{"id":55578,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-491","catch_line":"Persons included within scope of article","url":"\/46.2-491\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-491","metadata":false},{"id":59312,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-492","catch_line":"Uniform Demerit Point System","url":"\/46.2-492\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-492","metadata":false},{"id":54929,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-493","catch_line":"Demerit points valid for two years","url":"\/46.2-493\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-493","metadata":false},{"id":75250,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-494","catch_line":"Safe driving point credit","url":"\/46.2-494\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-494","metadata":false},{"id":66713,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-495","catch_line":"Advisory letters","url":"\/46.2-495\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-495","metadata":false},{"id":70692,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-496","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/46.2-496\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-496","metadata":false},{"id":79899,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-498","catch_line":"Driver improvement clinics; voluntary attendance","url":"\/46.2-498\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-498","metadata":false},{"id":80312,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-499","catch_line":"Driver's license probation","url":"\/46.2-499\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-499","metadata":false},{"id":68220,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-500","catch_line":"Driver control period","url":"\/46.2-500\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-500","metadata":false},{"id":75540,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-501","catch_line":"Notice to attend driver improvement clinic","url":"\/46.2-501\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-501","metadata":false},{"id":87387,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-502","catch_line":"Clinic fees","url":"\/46.2-502\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-502","metadata":false},{"id":56030,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-503","catch_line":"Suspension of privilege to operate a motor vehicle for failure to attend clinics","url":"\/46.2-503\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-503","metadata":false},{"id":65111,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-504","catch_line":"Form and contents of order of probation, suspension or revocation; service","url":"\/46.2-504\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-504","metadata":false},{"id":78073,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-505","catch_line":"Court may direct defendant to attend driver improvement clinic","url":"\/46.2-505\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-505","metadata":false},{"id":57414,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-506","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Formal hearings; suspension for excessive point accumulation","url":"\/46.2-506\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-506","metadata":false},{"id":72034,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-507","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Establishment of Intelligent Speed Assistance Program; penalty","url":"\/46.2-507\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-507","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":62223,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-489","catch_line":"Regulations; appeals","url":"\/46.2-489\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-489","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":85583,"structure_id":13891,"section_number":"46.2-490.1","catch_line":"Section 46.2-391.1 not applicable","url":"\/46.2-490.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-490\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1974. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 453 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1974 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 6 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1989, chapter 727; in 1995, chapter 672<\/a>; in 2002, chapter 177<\/a>; in 2004, chapter 622<\/a>; in 2007, chapter 180<\/a>; in 2023, chapters 308<\/a> and 309<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":226233,"object_type":"law","relational_id":81559,"identifier":"46.2-490","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490","url":"\/46.2-490\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-490\/","token":"46.2\/II\/3\/19\/46.2-490","dublin_core":{"Title":"Establishment of driver improvement clinic program; application fees","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-490","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> The Commissioner<\/span> shall, in his discretion, contract<\/span> with such entities as the Commissioner<\/span> deems fit, including private or governmental entities, to develop curricula for a statewide driver improvement clinic<\/span> program. Such program shall include instruction concerning but not limited to (i) alcohol and drug abuse, (ii) aggressive driving, (iii) distracted driving, (iv) motorcycle<\/span> awareness, and (v) work zone safety. The driver improvement clinic<\/span> program shall be established for the purpose of instructing persons identified by the Department<\/span> and the court<\/span> system as problem drivers<\/span> in need of driver improvement education and training and for those drivers<\/span> interested in improved driving safety. The clinics<\/span> shall be composed of uniform education and training programs designed for the rehabilitation of problem drivers<\/span>, and for the purpose of creating a lasting and corrective influence on their driving performance. The clinics<\/span> shall operate in localities based on their geographical location so as to be reasonably accessible to persons attending these clinics<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> All businesses, organizations, governmental entities or individuals that want to provide driver improvement clinic<\/span> instruction as a driver improvement clinic<\/span> or instructor<\/span> in the Commonwealth using approved curricula shall apply to the Department<\/span> to be licensed to do so, based on criteria established by the Department<\/span>. Such license shall be valid for a period of two years. A nonrefundable license application fee of $150 shall be paid to the Department<\/span> by all such businesses, organizations, governmental entities or individuals. A nonrefundable license fee of $40 shall also be paid for each additional clinic location operated by a clinic. A nonrefundable license fee of $75 shall be paid to the Department<\/span> by a person applying for a clinic instructor<\/span> license.\n\t\t\tThe first certification issued for additional clinic locations and clinic instructors<\/span> shall expire on the same date the original clinic’s certification expires, and the first application or license fee may be prorated on a monthly basis. Thereafter, the renewal period for any additional clinic locations and clinic instructors<\/span> shall match that of the original clinic.\n\t\t\tHowever, neither the license application fee for each additional clinic location nor the license application fee for a clinic instructor<\/span> license shall be required of or collected from the Virginia Association of Volunteer Rescue Squads or its members in connection with clinics<\/span> that are provided for emergency vehicle<\/span> operation training. All such application fees collected by the Department<\/span> shall be paid by the Commissioner<\/span> into the state treasury and shall be set aside as a special fund to be used to meet the expenses of the Department<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nESTABLISHMENT OF DRIVER IMPROVEMENT CLINIC PROGRAM; APPLICATION FEES (\u00a7\n46.2-490)\n\nA. The Commissioner shall, in his discretion, contract with such entities as the\nCommissioner deems fit, including private or governmental entities, to develop\ncurricula for a statewide driver improvement clinic program. Such program shall\ninclude instruction concerning but not limited to (i) alcohol and drug abuse,\n(ii) aggressive driving, (iii) distracted driving, (iv) motorcycle awareness,\nand (v) work zone safety. The driver improvement clinic program shall be\nestablished for the purpose of instructing persons identified by the Department\nand the court system as problem drivers in need of driver improvement education\nand training and for those drivers interested in improved driving safety. The\nclinics shall be composed of uniform education and training programs designed\nfor the rehabilitation of problem drivers, and for the purpose of creating a\nlasting and corrective influence on their driving performance. The clinics shall\noperate in localities based on their geographical location so as to be\nreasonably accessible to persons attending these clinics.\n\nB. All businesses, organizations, governmental entities or individuals that want\nto provide driver improvement clinic instruction as a driver improvement clinic\nor instructor in the Commonwealth using approved curricula shall apply to the\nDepartment to be licensed to do so, based on criteria established by the\nDepartment. Such license shall be valid for a period of two years. A\nnonrefundable license application fee of $150 shall be paid to the Department by\nall such businesses, organizations, governmental entities or individuals. A\nnonrefundable license fee of $40 shall also be paid for each additional clinic\nlocation operated by a clinic. A nonrefundable license fee of $75 shall be paid\nto the Department by a person applying for a clinic instructor license.\n\t\t\tThe first certification issued for additional clinic locations and clinic\ninstructors shall expire on the same date the original clinic’s\ncertification expires, and the first application or license fee may be prorated\non a monthly basis. Thereafter, the renewal period for any additional clinic\nlocations and clinic instructors shall match that of the original clinic.\n\t\t\tHowever, neither the license application fee for each additional clinic\nlocation nor the license application fee for a clinic instructor license shall\nbe required of or collected from the Virginia Association of Volunteer Rescue\nSquads or its members in connection with clinics that are provided for emergency\nvehicle operation training. All such application fees collected by the\nDepartment shall be paid by the Commissioner into the state treasury and shall\nbe set aside as a special fund to be used to meet the expenses of the\nDepartment.\n\nHISTORY: 1974, c. 453, \u00a7 46.1-514.3; 1989, c. 727; 1995, c. 672; 2002, c. 177;\n2004, c. 622; 2007, c. 180; 2023, cc. 308, 309.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}