{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-602.3.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-602.3.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-602.3.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-602.3.html"}],"law_id":66957,"edition_id":1,"section_id":66957,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-602.3","catch_line":"Titling and registration of converted electric vehicles","history":"2012, c. 177; 2013, c. 216.","full_text":"A\n\nUpon receipt of an application and such evidence of ownership as required by the Commissioner pursuant to § 46.2-625, the Department shall issue a certificate of title for a converted electric vehicle. The first certificate of title issued for a converted electric vehicle shall be an original certificate of title, regardless of the submission of a Virginia certificate of title issued for the vehicle prior to conversion.B\n\n1. No converted electric vehicle shall be registered or operated on the highways of the Commonwealth until the owner submits to the Department a certification by a certified Virginia safety inspector that the conversion to electric propulsion is complete and proof that the vehicle has passed a Virginia safety inspection subsequent to the certification. Such certification shall be on a form approved by the Commissioner and the Superintendent and shall state that the inspector has verified that (i) the internal combustion engine has been removed; (ii) the fuel tank has been removed and not replaced; (iii) a traction battery pack has been installed that is distinct from the vehicle’s original auxiliary battery system; and (iv) an electric motor has been installed to drive the wheels of the vehicle. The safety inspector may charge a fee not to exceed $40 to complete a certification pursuant to this subsection, but no such charge shall be mandatory. Any fee charged for such certification shall be in addition to any fee imposed pursuant to \u00a7 46.2-1167 for the completion of a Virginia safety inspection.2\n\nThe completion of the certification required by this section shall not impose any liability on the safety inspector for the quality of the conversion process; however, nothing in this section shall be construed so as to relieve the safety inspector of any liability that may be imposed pursuant to Article 21 (§ 46.2-1157 et seq.) of Chapter 10 or under any regulation promulgated pursuant to § 46.2-1165, relating to the safety inspection of the converted electric vehicle.3\n\nThe submission of a certification pursuant to this section shall be sufficient documentation to exempt the converted electric vehicle for which it is submitted from the emissions inspection program required by Article 22 (§ 46.2-1176 et seq.) of Chapter 10.4\n\nWhen necessary and upon application, the Department shall issue temporary trip permits in accordance with § 46.2-651 for the purpose of transporting the converted electric vehicle to and from an official Virginia safety inspection station.C\n\nThe provisions of this section need only be satisfied once for each converted electric vehicle.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":242745,"text":"Upon receipt of an application and such evidence of ownership as required by the Commissioner pursuant to § 46.2-625, the Department shall issue a certificate of title for a converted electric vehicle. The first certificate of title issued for a converted electric vehicle shall be an original certificate of title, regardless of the submission of a Virginia certificate of title issued for the vehicle prior to conversion.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":242746,"text":"1. No converted electric vehicle shall be registered or operated on the highways of the Commonwealth until the owner submits to the Department a certification by a certified Virginia safety inspector that the conversion to electric propulsion is complete and proof that the vehicle has passed a Virginia safety inspection subsequent to the certification. Such certification shall be on a form approved by the Commissioner and the Superintendent and shall state that the inspector has verified that (i) the internal combustion engine has been removed; (ii) the fuel tank has been removed and not replaced; (iii) a traction battery pack has been installed that is distinct from the vehicle’s original auxiliary battery system; and (iv) an electric motor has been installed to drive the wheels of the vehicle. The safety inspector may charge a fee not to exceed $40 to complete a certification pursuant to this subsection, but no such charge shall be mandatory. Any fee charged for such certification shall be in addition to any fee imposed pursuant to \u00a7 46.2-1167 for the completion of a Virginia safety inspection.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"B2"},"2":{"id":242747,"text":"The completion of the certification required by this section shall not impose any liability on the safety inspector for the quality of the conversion process; however, nothing in this section shall be construed so as to relieve the safety inspector of any liability that may be imposed pursuant to Article 21 (§ 46.2-1157 et seq.) of Chapter 10 or under any regulation promulgated pursuant to § 46.2-1165, relating to the safety inspection of the converted electric vehicle.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"B2","prefix_anchor":"B2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"B3"},"3":{"id":242748,"text":"The submission of a certification pursuant to this section shall be sufficient documentation to exempt the converted electric vehicle for which it is submitted from the emissions inspection program required by Article 22 (§ 46.2-1176 et seq.) of Chapter 10.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"B3","prefix_anchor":"B3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B2","next_prefix":"B4"},"4":{"id":242749,"text":"When necessary and upon application, the Department shall issue temporary trip permits in accordance with § 46.2-651 for the purpose of transporting the converted electric vehicle to and from an official Virginia safety inspection station.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"B4","prefix_anchor":"B4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B3","next_prefix":"C"},"5":{"id":242750,"text":"The provisions of this section need only be satisfied once for each converted electric vehicle.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B4"}},"ancestry":[{"id":12880,"edition_id":1,"name":"Titling and Registration, Generally","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12879,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:58","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:58","permalink":{"id":226925,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12880,"identifier":"1","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1","url":"\/46.2\/II\/6\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12879,"edition_id":1,"name":"Titling and Registration of Motor Vehicles","identifier":"6","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12771,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:58","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:58","permalink":{"id":226923,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12879,"identifier":"6","token":"46.2\/II\/6","url":"\/46.2\/II\/6\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12771,"edition_id":1,"name":"Titling, Registration and Licensure","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225627,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12771,"identifier":"II","token":"46.2\/II","url":"\/46.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":87484,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-600","catch_line":"Owner to secure registration and certificate of title or certificate of ownership","url":"\/46.2-600\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-600","metadata":false},{"id":64770,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-600.1","catch_line":"Indication of special communication needs","url":"\/46.2-600.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-600.1","metadata":false},{"id":75107,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-601","catch_line":"Appointment of Commissioner agent for service of process","url":"\/46.2-601\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-601","metadata":false},{"id":69821,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-602","catch_line":"Titling and registration of foreign market vehicles","url":"\/46.2-602\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602","metadata":false},{"id":64808,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-602.1","catch_line":"Titling and registration of replica vehicles","url":"\/46.2-602.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602.1","metadata":false},{"id":75086,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-602.2","catch_line":"Titling and registration of company vehicles of automotive manufacturers","url":"\/46.2-602.2\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602.2","metadata":false},{"id":66957,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-602.3","catch_line":"Titling and registration of converted electric vehicles","url":"\/46.2-602.3\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602.3","metadata":false},{"id":58198,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-602.4","catch_line":"Titling and registration of off-road motorcycle converted to on-road use","url":"\/46.2-602.4\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602.4","metadata":false},{"id":84134,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-603","catch_line":"Issuance of certificate of title and registration card","url":"\/46.2-603\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-603","metadata":false},{"id":78960,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-603.1","catch_line":"Electronic titling and registration program","url":"\/46.2-603.1\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-603.1","metadata":false},{"id":63997,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-604","catch_line":"Contents of registration card and certificate; vehicle color data; notation of certain disabled owners","url":"\/46.2-604\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-604","metadata":false},{"id":69241,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-605","catch_line":"Altering or forging certificate of title, salvage\/nonrepairable certificate, or registration card; penalty","url":"\/46.2-605\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-605","metadata":false},{"id":60976,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-606","catch_line":"Notice of change of address or incorrect address","url":"\/46.2-606\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-606","metadata":false},{"id":55505,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-607","catch_line":"Duplicates for lost or mutilated indicia of titling and registration","url":"\/46.2-607\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-607","metadata":false},{"id":72871,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-608","catch_line":"When application for registration or certificate of title rejected","url":"\/46.2-608\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-608","metadata":false},{"id":75843,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-609","catch_line":"When registration may be suspended or revoked","url":"\/46.2-609\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-609","metadata":false},{"id":78476,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-610","catch_line":"Suspension 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manufacturers","url":"\/46.2-602.2\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602.2","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":58198,"structure_id":12880,"section_number":"46.2-602.4","catch_line":"Titling and registration of off-road motorcycle converted to on-road use","url":"\/46.2-602.4\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602.4","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-602.3\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2012. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 177<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2013, chapter 216<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":85142,"section_number":"46.2-1158","catch_line":"Frequency of inspection; scope of inspection","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1158\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":85494,"section_number":"46.2-1157","catch_line":"Inspection of motor vehicles required","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1157\/"},{"id":74512,"section_number":"46.2-1165","catch_line":"Regulations for inspection of vehicles; posting","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1165\/"},{"id":70594,"section_number":"46.2-1167","catch_line":"Charges for inspection and reinspection; exemption","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1167\/"},{"id":80818,"section_number":"46.2-1176","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-1176\/"},{"id":69007,"section_number":"46.2-625","catch_line":"Specially constructed, reconstructed, replica, converted electric, or foreign vehicles","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-625\/"},{"id":54402,"section_number":"46.2-651","catch_line":"Trip permits; regulations; fees","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-651\/"}],"permalink":{"id":226951,"object_type":"law","relational_id":66957,"identifier":"46.2-602.3","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602.3","url":"\/46.2-602.3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-602.3\/","token":"46.2\/II\/6\/1\/46.2-602.3","dublin_core":{"Title":"Titling and registration of converted electric vehicles","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-602.3","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Upon receipt of an application and such evidence<\/span> of ownership as required by the Commissioner<\/span> pursuant to § 46.2-625<\/a>, the Department<\/span> shall issue<\/span> a certificate of title for a converted electric vehicle<\/span>. The first certificate of title issued for a converted electric vehicle<\/span> shall be an original certificate of title, regardless of the submission of a Virginia certificate of title issued for the vehicle prior to conversion. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> 1. No converted electric vehicle<\/span> shall be registered or operated on the highways<\/span><\/span> of the Commonwealth until the owner<\/span> submits to the Department<\/span> a certification by a certified Virginia safety inspector that the conversion to electric propulsion is complete and proof that the vehicle has passed a Virginia safety inspection subsequent to the certification. Such certification shall be on a form approved by the Commissioner<\/span> and the Superintendent<\/span> and shall state that the inspector has verified that (i) the internal combustion engine has been removed; (ii) the fuel tank has been removed and not replaced; (iii) a traction battery<\/span> pack has been installed that is distinct from the vehicle’s original auxiliary battery<\/span> system; and (iv) an electric motor has been installed to drive the wheels of the vehicle. The safety inspector may charge a fee not to exceed $40 to complete a certification pursuant to this subsection, but no such charge shall be mandatory. Any fee charged for such certification shall be in addition to any fee imposed pursuant to \u00a7 46.2-1167<\/a> for the completion of a Virginia safety inspection. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> The completion of the certification required by this section shall not impose any liability on the safety inspector for the quality of the conversion process; however, nothing in this section shall be construed so as to relieve the safety inspector of any liability that may be imposed pursuant to Article 21 (§ 46.2-1157<\/a> et seq.) of Chapter 10 or under any regulation promulgated pursuant to § 46.2-1165<\/a>, relating to the safety inspection of the converted electric vehicle<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> The submission of a certification pursuant to this section shall be sufficient documentation to exempt the converted electric vehicle<\/span> for which it is submitted from the emissions inspection program required by Article 22 (§ 46.2-1176<\/a> et seq.) of Chapter 10. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> When necessary and upon application, the Department<\/span> shall issue<\/span> temporary trip permits in accordance with § 46.2-651<\/a> for the purpose of transporting the converted electric vehicle<\/span> to and from an official Virginia safety inspection station. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> The provisions of this section need only be satisfied once for each converted electric vehicle<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nTITLING AND REGISTRATION OF CONVERTED ELECTRIC VEHICLES (\u00a7 46.2-602.3)\n\nA. Upon receipt of an application and such evidence of ownership as required by\nthe Commissioner pursuant to § 46.2-625, the Department shall issue a\ncertificate of title for a converted electric vehicle. The first certificate of\ntitle issued for a converted electric vehicle shall be an original certificate\nof title, regardless of the submission of a Virginia certificate of title issued\nfor the vehicle prior to conversion.\n\nB. 1. No converted electric vehicle shall be registered or operated on the\nhighways of the Commonwealth until the owner submits to the Department a\ncertification by a certified Virginia safety inspector that the conversion to\nelectric propulsion is complete and proof that the vehicle has passed a Virginia\nsafety inspection subsequent to the certification. Such certification shall be\non a form approved by the Commissioner and the Superintendent and shall state\nthat the inspector has verified that (i) the internal combustion engine has been\nremoved; (ii) the fuel tank has been removed and not replaced; (iii) a traction\nbattery pack has been installed that is distinct from the vehicle’s\noriginal auxiliary battery system; and (iv) an electric motor has been installed\nto drive the wheels of the vehicle. The safety inspector may charge a fee not to\nexceed $40 to complete a certification pursuant to this subsection, but no such\ncharge shall be mandatory. Any fee charged for such certification shall be in\naddition to any fee imposed pursuant to \u00a7 46.2-1167 for the completion of a\nVirginia safety inspection.\n\n 2. The completion of the certification required by this section shall not\n impose any liability on the safety inspector for the quality of the conversion\n process; however, nothing in this section shall be construed so as to relieve\n the safety inspector of any liability that may be imposed pursuant to Article\n 21 (§ 46.2-1157 et seq.) of Chapter 10 or under any regulation\n promulgated pursuant to § 46.2-1165, relating to the safety inspection of\n the converted electric vehicle.\n\n 3. The submission of a certification pursuant to this section shall be\n sufficient documentation to exempt the converted electric vehicle for which it\n is submitted from the emissions inspection program required by Article 22\n (§ 46.2-1176 et seq.) of Chapter 10.\n\n 4. When necessary and upon application, the Department shall issue temporary\n trip permits in accordance with § 46.2-651 for the purpose of\n transporting the converted electric vehicle to and from an official Virginia\n safety inspection station.\n\nC. The provisions of this section need only be satisfied once for each converted\nelectric vehicle.\n\nHISTORY: 2012, c. 177; 2013, c. 216.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}