{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/46.2-931.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/46.2-931.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/46.2-931.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/46.2-931.html"}],"law_id":66819,"edition_id":1,"section_id":66819,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-931","catch_line":"Localities may prohibit or regulate distribution of handbills, etc., solicitation of contributions, and sale of merchandise or services on highways within their boundaries or on public roadways and medians","history":"1980, c. 113; 1989, c. 727; 2005, cc. 488, 541; 2008, cc. 120, 235, 310; 2009, cc. 422, 656, 722; 2010, cc. 378, 589.","full_text":"A\n\nAny county, city, or town is hereby authorized to adopt an ordinance prohibiting or regulating:1\n\nThe distribution of handbills, leaflets, bulletins, literature, advertisements, or similar material to the occupants of motor vehicles on highways located within its boundaries or on public roadways and medians;2\n\nThe solicitation of contributions of any nature from the occupants of motor vehicles on highways located within its boundaries or on public roadways and medians; and3\n\nThe sale of merchandise or services or the attempted sale of merchandise or services to the occupants of motor vehicles on highways located within its boundaries or on public roadways and medians.B\n\nOrdinances adopted pursuant to this section may provide that any person violating the provisions of such ordinances shall be guilty of a traffic infraction.C\n\nThe Virginia Department of Transportation may regulate activities within such streets and highways under its jurisdiction, subject to regulations promulgated by the Commonwealth Transportation Board. Nothing in this section shall be construed to allow any locality to permit activities within any highway under the maintenance and operational jurisdiction of the Virginia Department of Transportation.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":242314,"text":"Any county, city, or town is hereby authorized to adopt an ordinance prohibiting or regulating:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":242315,"text":"The distribution of handbills, leaflets, bulletins, literature, advertisements, or similar material to the occupants of motor vehicles on highways located within its boundaries or on public roadways and medians;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":242316,"text":"The solicitation of contributions of any nature from the occupants of motor vehicles on highways located within its boundaries or on public roadways and medians; and","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"A3"},"3":{"id":242317,"text":"The sale of merchandise or services or the attempted sale of merchandise or services to the occupants of motor vehicles on highways located within its boundaries or on public roadways and medians.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"A3","prefix_anchor":"A3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"B"},"4":{"id":242318,"text":"Ordinances adopted pursuant to this section may provide that any person violating the provisions of such ordinances shall be guilty of a traffic infraction.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A3","next_prefix":"C"},"5":{"id":242319,"text":"The Virginia Department of Transportation may regulate activities within such streets and highways under its jurisdiction, subject to regulations promulgated by the Commonwealth Transportation Board. Nothing in this section shall be construed to allow any locality to permit activities within any highway under the maintenance and operational jurisdiction of the Virginia Department of Transportation.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15513,"edition_id":1,"name":"Pedestrians","identifier":"16","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12875,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:55:43","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:55:43","permalink":{"id":230603,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15513,"identifier":"16","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16","url":"\/46.2\/III\/8\/16\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12875,"edition_id":1,"name":"Regulation of Traffic","identifier":"8","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12827,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:58","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:58","permalink":{"id":230189,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12875,"identifier":"8","token":"46.2\/III\/8","url":"\/46.2\/III\/8\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12827,"edition_id":1,"name":"Operation","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12770,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":228597,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12827,"identifier":"III","token":"46.2\/III","url":"\/46.2\/III\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12770,"edition_id":1,"name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":225289,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12770,"identifier":"46.2","token":"46.2","url":"\/46.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":81465,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-923","catch_line":"How and where pedestrians to cross highways","url":"\/46.2-923\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-923","metadata":false},{"id":63508,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-924","catch_line":"Drivers to stop for pedestrians; installation of certain signs; penalties","url":"\/46.2-924\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-924","metadata":false},{"id":72338,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-925","catch_line":"Pedestrian control signals","url":"\/46.2-925\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-925","metadata":false},{"id":73494,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-926","catch_line":"Pedestrians stepping into highway where they cannot be seen","url":"\/46.2-926\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-926","metadata":false},{"id":84066,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-927","catch_line":"Boarding or alighting from buses","url":"\/46.2-927\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-927","metadata":false},{"id":68380,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-928","catch_line":"Pedestrians not to use roadway except when necessary; keeping to left","url":"\/46.2-928\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-928","metadata":false},{"id":80932,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-929","catch_line":"Pedestrians soliciting rides","url":"\/46.2-929\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-929","metadata":false},{"id":60295,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-930","catch_line":"Loitering on bridges or highway rights-of-way","url":"\/46.2-930\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-930","metadata":false},{"id":66819,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-931","catch_line":"Localities may prohibit or regulate distribution of handbills, etc., solicitation of contributions, and sale of merchandise or services on highways within their boundaries or on public roadways and medians","url":"\/46.2-931\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-931","metadata":false},{"id":64305,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-932","catch_line":"Playing on highways; use of toy vehicle on highways, persons riding bicycles, electric personal assistive mobility devices, electric power-assisted bicycles, mopeds, etc., not to attach to vehicles; exception","url":"\/46.2-932\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-932","metadata":false},{"id":59138,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-932.1","catch_line":"Duty of driver approaching blind pedestrian; effect of failure of blind person to carry white cane or use dog guide","url":"\/46.2-932.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-932.1","metadata":false},{"id":69312,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-933","catch_line":"When vehicles to stop for pedestrian guided by dog or carrying white, red-tipped white, or metallic cane","url":"\/46.2-933\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-933","metadata":false},{"id":64684,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-934","catch_line":"Failure to use cane or guide dog not contributory negligence","url":"\/46.2-934\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-934","metadata":false},{"id":80566,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-935","catch_line":"Regulation by ordinance in counties, cities, and towns","url":"\/46.2-935\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-935","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":60295,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-930","catch_line":"Loitering on bridges or highway rights-of-way","url":"\/46.2-930\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-930","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":64305,"structure_id":15513,"section_number":"46.2-932","catch_line":"Playing on highways; use of toy vehicle on highways, persons riding bicycles, electric personal assistive mobility devices, electric power-assisted bicycles, mopeds, etc., not to attach to vehicles; exception","url":"\/46.2-932\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-932","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-931\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1980. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 113 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1980 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1989, chapter 727; in 2005, chapters 488<\/a> and 541<\/a>; in 2008, chapters 120<\/a>, 235<\/a>, and 310<\/a>; in 2009, chapters 422<\/a>, 656<\/a>, and 722<\/a>; in 2010, chapters 378<\/a> and 589<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":230637,"object_type":"law","relational_id":66819,"identifier":"46.2-931","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-931","url":"\/46.2-931\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/46.2-931\/","token":"46.2\/III\/8\/16\/46.2-931","dublin_core":{"Title":"Localities may prohibit or regulate distribution of handbills, etc., solicitation of contributions, and sale of merchandise or services on highways within their boundaries or on public roadways and medians","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-931","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Any county, city, or town is hereby authorized to adopt an ordinance<\/span> prohibiting or regulating: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> The distribution of handbills, leaflets, bulletins, literature, advertisements, or similar material<\/span> to the occupants of motor vehicles<\/span> on highways<\/span><\/span> located within its boundaries or on public roadways<\/span> and medians; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> The solicitation of contributions of any nature from the occupants of motor vehicles<\/span> on highways<\/span><\/span> located within its boundaries or on public roadways<\/span> and medians; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> The sale of merchandise or services or the attempted sale of merchandise or services to the occupants of motor vehicles<\/span> on highways<\/span><\/span> located within its boundaries or on public roadways<\/span> and medians. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Ordinances<\/span> adopted pursuant to this section may provide that any person violating the provisions of such ordinances<\/span> shall be guilty of a traffic infraction<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> The Virginia Department<\/span> of Transportation may regulate activities within such streets and highways<\/span><\/span> under its jurisdiction<\/span>, subject to regulations promulgated by the Commonwealth Transportation Board. Nothing in this section shall be construed to allow any locality to permit activities within any highway<\/span> under the maintenance and operational jurisdiction<\/span> of the Virginia Department<\/span> of Transportation. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLOCALITIES MAY PROHIBIT OR REGULATE DISTRIBUTION OF HANDBILLS, ETC.,\nSOLICITATION OF CONTRIBUTIONS, AND SALE OF MERCHANDISE OR SERVICES ON HIGHWAYS\nWITHIN THEIR BOUNDARIES OR ON PUBLIC ROADWAYS AND MEDIANS (\u00a7 46.2-931)\n\nA. Any county, city, or town is hereby authorized to adopt an ordinance\nprohibiting or regulating:\n\n 1. The distribution of handbills, leaflets, bulletins, literature,\n advertisements, or similar material to the occupants of motor vehicles on\n highways located within its boundaries or on public roadways and medians;\n\n 2. The solicitation of contributions of any nature from the occupants of motor\n vehicles on highways located within its boundaries or on public roadways and\n medians; and\n\n 3. The sale of merchandise or services or the attempted sale of merchandise or\n services to the occupants of motor vehicles on highways located within its\n boundaries or on public roadways and medians.\n\nB. Ordinances adopted pursuant to this section may provide that any person\nviolating the provisions of such ordinances shall be guilty of a traffic\ninfraction.\n\nC. The Virginia Department of Transportation may regulate activities within such\nstreets and highways under its jurisdiction, subject to regulations promulgated\nby the Commonwealth Transportation Board. Nothing in this section shall be\nconstrued to allow any locality to permit activities within any highway under\nthe maintenance and operational jurisdiction of the Virginia Department of\nTransportation.\n\nHISTORY: 1980, c. 113; 1989, c. 727; 2005, cc. 488, 541; 2008, cc. 120, 235,\n310; 2009, cc. 422, 656, 722; 2010, cc. 378, 589.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}