{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/49-12.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/49-12.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/49-12.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/49-12.html"}],"law_id":79654,"edition_id":1,"section_id":79654,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-12","catch_line":"Provisions and conditions; acknowledgment and recordation; duty of clerk when taken in pending cause","history":"Code 1919, \u00a7 279.","full_text":"Every bond required by law to be taken or approved by or given before any court, board or officer, unless otherwise provided, shall be made payable to the Commonwealth of Virginia, with surety deemed sufficient by such court, board or officer. Every such bond required of any person appointed to or undertaking any office, post or trust, and every bond required to be taken of any person by an order or decree of court, unless otherwise provided, shall be with condition for the faithful discharge by him of the duties of his office, post or trust. When such bond is required to be taken or approved by or before the Governor, a court or the clerk of a court, it shall be proved or acknowledged before the Governor or court or clerk, as the case may be, and recorded by the Secretary of the Commonwealth in the first case, or by the clerk of the court in the other cases. When the bond is taken under an order or decree in a pending cause a certified copy thereof shall be filed in the cause by the clerk and charged as costs therein, and upon his failure to file such copy, he shall be fined ten dollars. Every such bond shall contain, as to the respective obligors, such a waiver as is provided for in \u00a7 34-22. In any such bond the liability of the surety or sureties may be limited to such sum or sums as they may respectively require.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":285392,"text":"Every bond required by law to be taken or approved by or given before any court, board or officer, unless otherwise provided, shall be made payable to the Commonwealth of Virginia, with surety deemed sufficient by such court, board or officer. Every such bond required of any person appointed to or undertaking any office, post or trust, and every bond required to be taken of any person by an order or decree of court, unless otherwise provided, shall be with condition for the faithful discharge by him of the duties of his office, post or trust. When such bond is required to be taken or approved by or before the Governor, a court or the clerk of a court, it shall be proved or acknowledged before the Governor or court or clerk, as the case may be, and recorded by the Secretary of the Commonwealth in the first case, or by the clerk of the court in the other cases. When the bond is taken under an order or decree in a pending cause a certified copy thereof shall be filed in the cause by the clerk and charged as costs therein, and upon his failure to file such copy, he shall be fined ten dollars. Every such bond shall contain, as to the respective obligors, such a waiver as is provided for in \u00a7 34-22. In any such bond the liability of the surety or sureties may be limited to such sum or sums as they may respectively require.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14414,"edition_id":1,"name":"Bonds Taken by Courts and Officers","identifier":"2","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13404,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:48:03","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:48:03","permalink":{"id":233219,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14414,"identifier":"2","token":"49\/2","url":"\/49\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13404,"edition_id":1,"name":"Oaths, Affirmations and Bonds","identifier":"49","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:50","permalink":{"id":233171,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13404,"identifier":"49","token":"49","url":"\/49\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":79654,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-12","catch_line":"Provisions and conditions; acknowledgment and recordation; duty of clerk when taken in pending cause","url":"\/49-12\/","token":"49\/2\/49-12","metadata":false},{"id":64241,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-13","catch_line":"How new or additional bonds required and given; failure to give","url":"\/49-13\/","token":"49\/2\/49-13","metadata":false},{"id":65838,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-14","catch_line":"Effect of giving new or additional bond","url":"\/49-14\/","token":"49\/2\/49-14","metadata":false},{"id":57311,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-15","catch_line":"Surety companies may be accepted as sureties on bonds; rights and liabilities","url":"\/49-15\/","token":"49\/2\/49-15","metadata":false},{"id":76545,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-16","catch_line":"Allowance of expense of procuring corporate surety","url":"\/49-16\/","token":"49\/2\/49-16","metadata":false},{"id":78727,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-17","catch_line":"Surety company estopped to deny power to execute instrument or assume liability","url":"\/49-17\/","token":"49\/2\/49-17","metadata":false},{"id":71350,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-18","catch_line":"Agent or attorney of surety company signing without seal","url":"\/49-18\/","token":"49\/2\/49-18","metadata":false},{"id":60142,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-18.1","catch_line":"Seal not required","url":"\/49-18.1\/","token":"49\/2\/49-18.1","metadata":false},{"id":81781,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-19","catch_line":"Remedy on bonds","url":"\/49-19\/","token":"49\/2\/49-19","metadata":false},{"id":55758,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-20","catch_line":"How bonds given in civil suits made payable","url":"\/49-20\/","token":"49\/2\/49-20","metadata":false},{"id":58248,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-21","catch_line":"Failure to give bond","url":"\/49-21\/","token":"49\/2\/49-21","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":64241,"structure_id":14414,"section_number":"49-13","catch_line":"How new or additional bonds required and given; failure to give","url":"\/49-13\/","token":"49\/2\/49-13","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/49-12\/","history_text":false,"references":[{"id":59291,"section_number":"15.2-1527","catch_line":"Bonds of officers","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1527\/"},{"id":67839,"section_number":"19.2-135","catch_line":"Commitment for trial; recognizance; notice to attorney for Commonwealth; remand on violation of condition","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-135\/"},{"id":58498,"section_number":"2.2-2811","catch_line":"Where bonds filed","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-2811\/"},{"id":81781,"section_number":"49-19","catch_line":"Remedy on bonds","order_by":null,"url":"\/49-19\/"},{"id":55758,"section_number":"49-20","catch_line":"How bonds given in civil suits made payable","order_by":null,"url":"\/49-20\/"},{"id":58248,"section_number":"49-21","catch_line":"Failure to give bond","order_by":null,"url":"\/49-21\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":82632,"section_number":"34-22","catch_line":"Waiver of exemption; its effect; form of waiver","order_by":null,"url":"\/34-22\/"}],"permalink":{"id":233221,"object_type":"law","relational_id":79654,"identifier":"49-12","token":"49\/2\/49-12","url":"\/49-12\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/49-12\/","token":"49\/2\/49-12","dublin_core":{"Title":"Provisions and conditions; acknowledgment and recordation; duty of clerk when taken in pending cause","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 49-12","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Every bond<\/span> required by law<\/span> to be taken or approved by or given before any court<\/span>, board or officer, unless otherwise provided, shall be made payable to the Commonwealth of Virginia, with surety<\/span> deemed sufficient by such court<\/span>, board or officer. Every such bond<\/span> required of any person appointed to or undertaking any office, post or trust, and every bond<\/span> required to be taken of any person by an order<\/span> or decree<\/span> of court<\/span>, unless otherwise provided, shall be with condition for the faithful discharge by him of the duties of his office, post or trust. When such bond<\/span> is required to be taken or approved by or before the Governor, a court<\/span> or the clerk of a court<\/span>, it shall be proved or acknowledged before the Governor or court<\/span> or clerk, as the case may be, and recorded by the Secretary of the Commonwealth in the first case, or by the clerk of the court<\/span> in the other cases. When the bond<\/span> is taken under an order<\/span> or decree<\/span> in a pending cause a certified copy thereof shall be filed in the cause by the clerk and charged as costs therein, and upon his failure to file such copy, he shall be fined ten dollars. Every such bond<\/span> shall contain, as to the respective obligors, such a waiver<\/span> as is provided for in \u00a7 34-22<\/a>. In any such bond<\/span> the liability of the surety<\/span> or sureties may be limited to such sum or sums as they may respectively require.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPROVISIONS AND CONDITIONS; ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND RECORDATION; DUTY OF CLERK WHEN\nTAKEN IN PENDING CAUSE (\u00a7 49-12)\n\nEvery bond required by law to be taken or approved by or given before any court,\nboard or officer, unless otherwise provided, shall be made payable to the\nCommonwealth of Virginia, with surety deemed sufficient by such court, board or\nofficer. Every such bond required of any person appointed to or undertaking any\noffice, post or trust, and every bond required to be taken of any person by an\norder or decree of court, unless otherwise provided, shall be with condition for\nthe faithful discharge by him of the duties of his office, post or trust. When\nsuch bond is required to be taken or approved by or before the Governor, a court\nor the clerk of a court, it shall be proved or acknowledged before the Governor\nor court or clerk, as the case may be, and recorded by the Secretary of the\nCommonwealth in the first case, or by the clerk of the court in the other cases.\nWhen the bond is taken under an order or decree in a pending cause a certified\ncopy thereof shall be filed in the cause by the clerk and charged as costs\ntherein, and upon his failure to file such copy, he shall be fined ten dollars.\nEvery such bond shall contain, as to the respective obligors, such a waiver as\nis provided for in \u00a7 34-22. In any such bond the liability of the surety or\nsureties may be limited to such sum or sums as they may respectively require.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1919, \u00a7 279.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}