{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/5.1-1.4.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/5.1-1.4.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/5.1-1.4.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/5.1-1.4.html"}],"law_id":57629,"edition_id":1,"section_id":57629,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.4","catch_line":"Enforcement of laws, rules and regulations","history":"1979, c. 272; 2002, c. 94.","full_text":"Except for the provisions of Chapter 9 (\u00a7 5.1-89 et seq.) of this title, the Department shall have the authority to enforce any provision of this title and any rules and regulations promulgated by the Board in reference to aircraft, airfields, pilots and other similar subjects. Said rules and regulations, and enforcement actions taken in connection therewith, shall be in accordance with the substantive and procedural requirements of the Administrative Process Act, Chapter 40 (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.) of Title 2.2.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":211147,"text":"Except for the provisions of Chapter 9 (\u00a7 5.1-89 et seq.) of this title, the Department shall have the authority to enforce any provision of this title and any rules and regulations promulgated by the Board in reference to aircraft, airfields, pilots and other similar subjects. Said rules and regulations, and enforcement actions taken in connection therewith, shall be in accordance with the substantive and procedural requirements of the Administrative Process Act, Chapter 40 (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.) of Title 2.2.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14181,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":14180,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:09","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:09","permalink":{"id":233303,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14181,"identifier":"1","token":"5.1\/1\/1","url":"\/5.1\/1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":14180,"edition_id":1,"name":"Aircraft, Airmen and Airports Generally","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13105,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:09","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:09","permalink":{"id":233301,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14180,"identifier":"1","token":"5.1\/1","url":"\/5.1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13105,"edition_id":1,"name":"Aviation","identifier":"5.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","permalink":{"id":233299,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13105,"identifier":"5.1","token":"5.1","url":"\/5.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":56783,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2030) Definitions","url":"\/5.1-1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1","metadata":false},{"id":72513,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.1","catch_line":"Creation of Department of Aviation","url":"\/5.1-1.1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.1","metadata":false},{"id":65406,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.2","catch_line":"Appointment of Director; term; vacancies","url":"\/5.1-1.2\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.2","metadata":false},{"id":77739,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.3","catch_line":"Oath and bond of Director; salary","url":"\/5.1-1.3\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.3","metadata":false},{"id":57629,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.4","catch_line":"Enforcement of laws, rules and regulations","url":"\/5.1-1.4\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.4","metadata":false},{"id":58009,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.5","catch_line":"General powers of Department","url":"\/5.1-1.5\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.5","metadata":false},{"id":69382,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.6","catch_line":"Further powers and duties of Department; State Corporation Commission to administer Chapter 9","url":"\/5.1-1.6\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.6","metadata":false},{"id":82114,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.7","catch_line":"Suits to enjoin violations of title","url":"\/5.1-1.7\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.7","metadata":false},{"id":57896,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-10","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-10\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-10","metadata":false},{"id":56608,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-11","catch_line":"Government-owned aircraft","url":"\/5.1-11\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-11","metadata":false},{"id":72732,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-12","catch_line":"Federally certificated airlines and interstate service","url":"\/5.1-12\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-12","metadata":false},{"id":85474,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-2\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2","metadata":false},{"id":74835,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.1","catch_line":"Virginia Aviation Commission continued as Virginia Aviation Board; membership; terms; Chairman","url":"\/5.1-2.1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.1","metadata":false},{"id":66288,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.10","catch_line":"Moneys received deemed trust funds","url":"\/5.1-2.10\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.10","metadata":false},{"id":85719,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.11","catch_line":"Proceedings by bondholder or trustee to enforce rights","url":"\/5.1-2.11\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.11","metadata":false},{"id":61618,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.12","catch_line":"Bonds made securities for investment and deposit","url":"\/5.1-2.12\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.12","metadata":false},{"id":84520,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.13","catch_line":"Revenue refunding bonds; bonds for refunding and for cost of additional projects","url":"\/5.1-2.13\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.13","metadata":false},{"id":55355,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.14","catch_line":"Contracts, leases, and other arrangements","url":"\/5.1-2.14\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.14","metadata":false},{"id":62671,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.15","catch_line":"Resolutions, rules and regulations, etc","url":"\/5.1-2.15\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.15","metadata":false},{"id":57893,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.16","catch_line":"Grants or loans of public or private funds","url":"\/5.1-2.16\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.16","metadata":false},{"id":64606,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.17","catch_line":"Exemptions from taxes or assessments; payments to county or city in lieu of taxes","url":"\/5.1-2.17\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.17","metadata":false},{"id":86589,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.18","catch_line":"Joint agency or authority; agreements authorized; terms","url":"\/5.1-2.18\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.18","metadata":false},{"id":60635,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.19","catch_line":"Same; governing body; officers and agents; powers generally","url":"\/5.1-2.19\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.19","metadata":false},{"id":62205,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.2","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Board","url":"\/5.1-2.2\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.2","metadata":false},{"id":76818,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.20","catch_line":"Same; eminent domain","url":"\/5.1-2.20\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.20","metadata":false},{"id":56445,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.21","catch_line":"Same; disposal of airport or facility","url":"\/5.1-2.21\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.21","metadata":false},{"id":87446,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.22","catch_line":"Acquisition of airport previously operated by United States","url":"\/5.1-2.22\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.22","metadata":false},{"id":66673,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.23","catch_line":"Board as successor to Virginia Airports Authority","url":"\/5.1-2.23\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.23","metadata":false},{"id":68415,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.24","catch_line":"Applicability of certain sections","url":"\/5.1-2.24\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.24","metadata":false},{"id":86097,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.25","catch_line":"Abandoned or derelict aircraft; disposal","url":"\/5.1-2.25\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.25","metadata":false},{"id":80968,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.2:1","catch_line":"Further powers and duties of the Board","url":"\/5.1-2.2_1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.2_1","metadata":false},{"id":56881,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.2:2","catch_line":"Commercial air service plan","url":"\/5.1-2.2_2\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.2_2","metadata":false},{"id":58813,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.2:3","catch_line":"Transparency and accountability in the use of Commonwealth Aviation Fund revenues","url":"\/5.1-2.2_3\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.2_3","metadata":false},{"id":83580,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.2:4","catch_line":"Transparency and accountability for use of Department and Board funds","url":"\/5.1-2.2_4\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.2_4","metadata":false},{"id":79595,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.3","catch_line":"Meetings of Board; quorum","url":"\/5.1-2.3\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.3","metadata":false},{"id":79110,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.4","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-2.4\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.4","metadata":false},{"id":75636,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.5","catch_line":"Eminent domain; right of entry","url":"\/5.1-2.5\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.5","metadata":false},{"id":80299,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.6","catch_line":"Disposal of airport, air navigation facility or other property","url":"\/5.1-2.6\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.6","metadata":false},{"id":78955,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.7","catch_line":"Revenue bonds generally","url":"\/5.1-2.7\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.7","metadata":false},{"id":57740,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.8","catch_line":"Trust agreement securing bonds","url":"\/5.1-2.8\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.8","metadata":false},{"id":60988,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-2.9","catch_line":"Rents, fees and charges for services or use of facilities; use and disposition of revenues","url":"\/5.1-2.9\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-2.9","metadata":false},{"id":60113,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-3\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-3","metadata":false},{"id":68065,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-4","catch_line":"Aircraft for use of Department; construction, etc., of aviation facilities by Department","url":"\/5.1-4\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-4","metadata":false},{"id":57054,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-5","catch_line":"Registration of aircraft","url":"\/5.1-5\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-5","metadata":false},{"id":84543,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-6","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-6\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-6","metadata":false},{"id":60707,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-7","catch_line":"Licensing of airports and landing areas","url":"\/5.1-7\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-7","metadata":false},{"id":87111,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-7.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-7.1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-7.1","metadata":false},{"id":84447,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-7.2","catch_line":"Registration of private landing areas not within five miles of commercial airport","url":"\/5.1-7.2\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-7.2","metadata":false},{"id":86447,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-7.3","catch_line":"Duty of care and liability for damages of owners of private landing areas","url":"\/5.1-7.3\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-7.3","metadata":false},{"id":87252,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-8","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-8\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-8","metadata":false},{"id":85039,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9","catch_line":"Disposition of fees","url":"\/5.1-9\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9","metadata":false},{"id":67875,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.1","catch_line":"Certain privately owned airports declared to be works of public improvement; exemption from local taxation authorized","url":"\/5.1-9.1\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.1","metadata":false},{"id":72439,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.2","catch_line":"Contract carriers; permit and registration required","url":"\/5.1-9.2\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.2","metadata":false},{"id":73842,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.3","catch_line":"Same; application for permit; fee; action of Department","url":"\/5.1-9.3\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.3","metadata":false},{"id":61891,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.4","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-9.4\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.4","metadata":false},{"id":62638,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.5","catch_line":"Contract carriers; bonds, insurance or certificate of insurance required prior to issuance of registration or permit; securities deposited in lieu thereof","url":"\/5.1-9.5\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.5","metadata":false},{"id":56067,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.6","catch_line":"Same; duration and custody of bonds, etc","url":"\/5.1-9.6\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.6","metadata":false},{"id":83540,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.7","catch_line":"Same; condition of bond, etc","url":"\/5.1-9.7\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.7","metadata":false},{"id":80908,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.8","catch_line":"Same; effect of failure to give or maintain adequate security","url":"\/5.1-9.8\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.8","metadata":false},{"id":65374,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-9.9","catch_line":"Same; duration of permits; suspension or revocation; penalty","url":"\/5.1-9.9\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-9.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":77739,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.3","catch_line":"Oath and bond of Director; salary","url":"\/5.1-1.3\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.3","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":58009,"structure_id":14181,"section_number":"5.1-1.5","catch_line":"General powers of Department","url":"\/5.1-1.5\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.5","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/5.1-1.4\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1979. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 272 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1979 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2002, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?021+ful+CHAP0094\">94<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":86911,"section_number":"2.2-4000","catch_line":"Short title; purpose","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4000\/"},{"id":66420,"section_number":"5.1-89","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/5.1-89\/"}],"permalink":{"id":233321,"object_type":"law","relational_id":57629,"identifier":"5.1-1.4","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.4","url":"\/5.1-1.4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/5.1-1.4\/","token":"5.1\/1\/1\/5.1-1.4","dublin_core":{"Title":"Enforcement of laws, rules and regulations","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 5.1-1.4","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Except for the provisions of Chapter 9 (\u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Definitions\" href=\"\/5.1-89\/\">5.1-89<\/a> et seq.) of this title, the <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span> shall have the authority to enforce any provision of this title and any rules and regulations promulgated by the <span class=\"dictionary\">Board<\/span> in reference to <span class=\"dictionary\">aircraft<\/span>, airfields, pilots and other similar subjects. Said rules and regulations, and enforcement actions taken in connection therewith, shall be in accordance with the substantive and procedural requirements of the Administrative Process Act, Chapter 40 (\u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Short title; purpose\" href=\"\/2.2-4000\/\">2.2-4000<\/a> et seq.) of Title 2.2.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nENFORCEMENT OF LAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS (\u00a7 5.1-1.4)\n\nExcept for the provisions of Chapter 9 (\u00a7 5.1-89 et seq.) of this title, the\nDepartment shall have the authority to enforce any provision of this title and\nany rules and regulations promulgated by the Board in reference to aircraft,\nairfields, pilots and other similar subjects. Said rules and regulations, and\nenforcement actions taken in connection therewith, shall be in accordance with\nthe substantive and procedural requirements of the Administrative Process Act,\nChapter 40 (\u00a7 2.2-4000 et seq.) of Title 2.2.\n\nHISTORY: 1979, c. 272; 2002, c. 94.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}