{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/5.1-88.2.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/5.1-88.2.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/5.1-88.2.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/5.1-88.2.html"}],"law_id":55679,"edition_id":1,"section_id":55679,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.2","catch_line":"What constitutes proof of financial responsibility","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 5.1-84; 1968, c. 773; 1970, c. 707; 1979, c. 272; 1984, c. 169; 1992, c. 810; 2005, c. 451; 2007, c. 207; 2017, c. 793.","full_text":"A\n\nThe following shall constitute proof of financial responsibility as required by \u00a7 5.1-88.1:1\n\nThe issuance, by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in this Commonwealth, of a policy or policies of bodily injury and property damage liability insurance, or a policy or policies written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2 that provide coverage with respect to each such aircraft in the amount of $50,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person in any one accident, including passenger liability, and $100,000 because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons in any one accident, including passenger liability, and to a limit of $25,000 because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident; or a single limit policy in the sum of $250,000, covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident, including passenger liability of $50,000 per passenger seat; or2\n\nThe execution of a bond by the registrant and by a surety company authorized to transact business in this Commonwealth conditioned for payment in amounts and under the same circumstances as would be required in a policy of bodily injury liability and property damage liability insurance, as required by the provisions of subdivision A 1; or3\n\nThe delivery to the Department of $250,000 in cash or an irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $250,000 from a depository institution as defined in § 2.2-4701. Such money or securities so delivered to the Department shall be placed by it in the custody of the State Treasurer and shall be subject to execution to satisfy any judgment within the limits on amounts required by this chapter for personal injury and property damage liability insurance.B\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of subsection A of this section, for an aircraft commonly known as an “ultralight,” as the same is now and may hereafter be defined by the Federal Aviation Administration, the proof of financial responsibility required by § 5.1-88.1 may be satisfied by the issuance as to that aircraft of a single limit insurance policy in the sum of $100,000 covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident, that is issued by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in this Commonwealth or written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":204104,"text":"The following shall constitute proof of financial responsibility as required by \u00a7 5.1-88.1:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":204105,"text":"The issuance, by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in this Commonwealth, of a policy or policies of bodily injury and property damage liability insurance, or a policy or policies written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2 that provide coverage with respect to each such aircraft in the amount of $50,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person in any one accident, including passenger liability, and $100,000 because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons in any one accident, including passenger liability, and to a limit of $25,000 because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident; or a single limit policy in the sum of $250,000, covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident, including passenger liability of $50,000 per passenger seat; or","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":204106,"text":"The execution of a bond by the registrant and by a surety company authorized to transact business in this Commonwealth conditioned for payment in amounts and under the same circumstances as would be required in a policy of bodily injury liability and property damage liability insurance, as required by the provisions of subdivision A 1; or","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"A3"},"3":{"id":204107,"text":"The delivery to the Department of $250,000 in cash or an irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $250,000 from a depository institution as defined in § 2.2-4701. Such money or securities so delivered to the Department shall be placed by it in the custody of the State Treasurer and shall be subject to execution to satisfy any judgment within the limits on amounts required by this chapter for personal injury and property damage liability insurance.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"A3","prefix_anchor":"A3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"B"},"4":{"id":204108,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A of this section, for an aircraft commonly known as an “ultralight,” as the same is now and may hereafter be defined by the Federal Aviation Administration, the proof of financial responsibility required by § 5.1-88.1 may be satisfied by the issuance as to that aircraft of a single limit insurance policy in the sum of $100,000 covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident, that is issued by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in this Commonwealth or written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A3"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14360,"edition_id":1,"name":"Financial Responsibility","identifier":"8.1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13105,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:52","permalink":{"id":233921,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14360,"identifier":"8.1","token":"5.1\/8.1","url":"\/5.1\/8.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13105,"edition_id":1,"name":"Aviation","identifier":"5.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:17","permalink":{"id":233299,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13105,"identifier":"5.1","token":"5.1","url":"\/5.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":69500,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.1","catch_line":"Proof of financial responsibility to be furnished for each aircraft","url":"\/5.1-88.1\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.1","metadata":false},{"id":55679,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.2","catch_line":"What constitutes proof of financial responsibility","url":"\/5.1-88.2\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.2","metadata":false},{"id":59390,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.3","catch_line":"Certain sections of Code incorporated by reference; definitions","url":"\/5.1-88.3\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.3","metadata":false},{"id":85953,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.4","catch_line":"Cancellation of insurance or corporate surety bond","url":"\/5.1-88.4\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.4","metadata":false},{"id":64657,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.5","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/5.1-88.5\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.5","metadata":false},{"id":78335,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.6","catch_line":"Parachute jump training schools; disclosure of liability insurance coverage; penalty","url":"\/5.1-88.6\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.6","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":69500,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.1","catch_line":"Proof of financial responsibility to be furnished for each aircraft","url":"\/5.1-88.1\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":59390,"structure_id":14360,"section_number":"5.1-88.3","catch_line":"Certain sections of Code incorporated by reference; definitions","url":"\/5.1-88.3\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.3","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/5.1-88.2\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 8 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1968, chapter 773; in 1970, chapter 707; in 1979, chapter 272; in 1984, chapter 169; in 1992, chapter 810; in 2005, chapter 451<\/a>; in 2007, chapter 207<\/a>; in 2017, chapter 793<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":66301,"section_number":"2.2-4701","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4701\/"},{"id":54697,"section_number":"38.2-4805.1","catch_line":"Application of chapter","order_by":null,"url":"\/38.2-4805.1\/"},{"id":69500,"section_number":"5.1-88.1","catch_line":"Proof of financial responsibility to be furnished for each aircraft","order_by":null,"url":"\/5.1-88.1\/"}],"permalink":{"id":233927,"object_type":"law","relational_id":55679,"identifier":"5.1-88.2","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.2","url":"\/5.1-88.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/5.1-88.2\/","token":"5.1\/8.1\/5.1-88.2","dublin_core":{"Title":"What constitutes proof of financial responsibility","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 5.1-88.2","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> The following shall constitute proof of financial responsibility as required by \u00a7 5.1-88.1<\/a>: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> The issuance, by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in this Commonwealth, of a policy or policies of bodily injury and property damage liability insurance, or a policy or policies written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1<\/a> et seq.) of Title 38.2 that provide coverage with respect to each such aircraft<\/span> in the amount of $50,000 because of bodily injury to or death of one person<\/span> in any one accident, including passenger liability, and $100,000 because of bodily injury to or death of two or more persons<\/span> in any one accident, including passenger liability, and to a limit of $25,000 because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one accident; or a single limit policy in the sum of $250,000, covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident, including passenger liability of $50,000 per passenger seat; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> The execution of a bond<\/span> by the registrant and by a surety<\/span> company authorized to transact business in this Commonwealth conditioned for payment in amounts and under the same circumstances as would be required in a policy of bodily injury liability and property damage liability insurance, as required by the provisions of subdivision A 1; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> The delivery to the Department<\/span> of $250,000 in cash or an irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $250,000 from a depository institution as defined in § 2.2-4701<\/a>. Such money or securities so delivered to the Department<\/span> shall be placed by it in the custody<\/span> of the State Treasurer and shall be subject to execution to satisfy any judgment<\/span> within the limits on amounts required by this chapter for personal injury and property damage liability insurance. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A of this section, for an aircraft<\/span> commonly known as an “ultralight,” as the same is now and may hereafter be defined by the Federal Aviation Administration, the proof of financial responsibility required by § 5.1-88.1<\/a> may be satisfied by the issuance as to that aircraft<\/span> of a single limit insurance policy in the sum of $100,000 covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one accident, that is issued by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in this Commonwealth or written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1<\/a> et seq.) of Title 38.2. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nWHAT CONSTITUTES PROOF OF FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (\u00a7 5.1-88.2)\n\nA. The following shall constitute proof of financial responsibility as required\nby \u00a7 5.1-88.1:\n\n 1. The issuance, by an insurance company licensed to write such insurance in\n this Commonwealth, of a policy or policies of bodily injury and property\n damage liability insurance, or a policy or policies written pursuant to\n Chapter 48 (§ 38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2 that provide coverage\n with respect to each such aircraft in the amount of $50,000 because of bodily\n injury to or death of one person in any one accident, including passenger\n liability, and $100,000 because of bodily injury to or death of two or more\n persons in any one accident, including passenger liability, and to a limit of\n $25,000 because of injury to or destruction of property of others in any one\n accident; or a single limit policy in the sum of $250,000, covering bodily\n injury and property damage liability in any one accident, including passenger\n liability of $50,000 per passenger seat; or\n\n 2. The execution of a bond by the registrant and by a surety company\n authorized to transact business in this Commonwealth conditioned for payment\n in amounts and under the same circumstances as would be required in a policy\n of bodily injury liability and property damage liability insurance, as\n required by the provisions of subdivision A 1; or\n\n 3. The delivery to the Department of $250,000 in cash or an irrevocable letter\n of credit in the amount of $250,000 from a depository institution as defined\n in § 2.2-4701. Such money or securities so delivered to the Department\n shall be placed by it in the custody of the State Treasurer and shall be\n subject to execution to satisfy any judgment within the limits on amounts\n required by this chapter for personal injury and property damage liability\n insurance.\n\nB. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A of this section, for an\naircraft commonly known as an “ultralight,” as the same is now and\nmay hereafter be defined by the Federal Aviation Administration, the proof of\nfinancial responsibility required by § 5.1-88.1 may be satisfied by the\nissuance as to that aircraft of a single limit insurance policy in the sum of\n$100,000 covering bodily injury and property damage liability in any one\naccident, that is issued by an insurance company licensed to write such\ninsurance in this Commonwealth or written pursuant to Chapter 48 (§\n38.2-4805.1 et seq.) of Title 38.2.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 5.1-84; 1968, c. 773; 1970, c. 707; 1979, c. 272; 1984,\nc. 169; 1992, c. 810; 2005, c. 451; 2007, c. 207; 2017, c. 793.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}