{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/52-30.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/52-30.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/52-30.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/52-30.1.html"}],"law_id":72063,"edition_id":1,"section_id":72063,"structure_id":14660,"section_number":"52-30.1","catch_line":"Definition","history":"2020, c. 1165.","full_text":"For purposes of this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning, “bias-based profiling” means actions of a law-enforcement officer that are based solely on the real or perceived race, ethnicity, age, gender, or any combination thereof, or other noncriminal characteristics of an individual, except when such characteristics are used in combination with other identifying factors in seeking to apprehend a suspect who matches a specific description.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":259669,"text":"For purposes of this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning, “bias-based profiling” means actions of a law-enforcement officer that are based solely on the real or perceived race, ethnicity, age, gender, or any combination thereof, or other noncriminal characteristics of an individual, except when such characteristics are used in combination with other identifying factors in seeking to apprehend a suspect who matches a specific description.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14660,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Community Policing Act","identifier":"6.1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12841,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:49:11","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:49:11","permalink":{"id":237417,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14660,"identifier":"6.1","token":"52\/6.1","url":"\/52\/6.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12841,"edition_id":1,"name":"Police (State)","identifier":"52","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","permalink":{"id":237127,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12841,"identifier":"52","token":"52","url":"\/52\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":72063,"structure_id":14660,"section_number":"52-30.1","catch_line":"Definition","url":"\/52-30.1\/","token":"52\/6.1\/52-30.1","metadata":false},{"id":56244,"structure_id":14660,"section_number":"52-30.2","catch_line":"(Effective January 1, 2026) Prohibited practices; collection of data","url":"\/52-30.2\/","token":"52\/6.1\/52-30.2","metadata":false},{"id":57023,"structure_id":14660,"section_number":"52-30.3","catch_line":"Community Policing Reporting Database established","url":"\/52-30.3\/","token":"52\/6.1\/52-30.3","metadata":false},{"id":56395,"structure_id":14660,"section_number":"52-30.4","catch_line":"Reporting of state and local law-enforcement agencies required","url":"\/52-30.4\/","token":"52\/6.1\/52-30.4","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":56244,"structure_id":14660,"section_number":"52-30.2","catch_line":"(Effective January 1, 2026) Prohibited practices; collection of data","url":"\/52-30.2\/","token":"52\/6.1\/52-30.2","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/52-30.1\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2020. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 1165<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":[{"id":83479,"section_number":"15.2-1609.10","catch_line":"Prohibited practices; collection of data","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1609.10\/"},{"id":67755,"section_number":"15.2-1722.1","catch_line":"Prohibited practices; collection of data","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1722.1\/"},{"id":54198,"section_number":"9.1-102","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Board and the Department","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-102\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":237419,"object_type":"law","relational_id":72063,"identifier":"52-30.1","token":"52\/6.1\/52-30.1","url":"\/52-30.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/52-30.1\/","token":"52\/6.1\/52-30.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Definition","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 52-30.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

For purposes of this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning, “bias-based profiling” means actions of a law<\/span>-enforcement officer that are based solely on the real or perceived race, ethnicity, age, gender, or any combination thereof, or other noncriminal characteristics of an individual, except when such characteristics are used in combination with other identifying factors in seeking to apprehend a suspect who matches a specific description.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDEFINITION (\u00a7 52-30.1)\n\nFor purposes of this chapter, unless the context requires a different meaning,\n“bias-based profiling” means actions of a law-enforcement officer\nthat are based solely on the real or perceived race, ethnicity, age, gender, or\nany combination thereof, or other noncriminal characteristics of an individual,\nexcept when such characteristics are used in combination with other identifying\nfactors in seeking to apprehend a suspect who matches a specific description.\n\nHISTORY: 2020, c. 1165.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}