{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/53.1-45.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/53.1-45.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/53.1-45.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/53.1-45.1.html"}],"law_id":75103,"edition_id":1,"section_id":75103,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-45.1","catch_line":"Work programs; agreements with other entities","history":"1993, cc. 464, 488; 1996, cc. 284, 368; 2003, cc. 94, 854.","full_text":"A\n\nThe Director, with the prior approval of the Governor, may enter into an agreement with a public or private entity to operate a work program in a state correctional facility for prisoners confined therein.B\n\nArticles produced or manufactured and services provided by prisoners participating in such a program may be purchased as provided in § 53.1-47 and may be bought, sold or acquired by exchange on the open market through the participating public or private entity.C\n\nThe Director shall arrange for compensation for such employment. Wages earned by prisoners shall be paid to the Director who shall deduct from such wages, in the following order of priority, an amount to:1\n\nMeet the obligation of any judicial or administrative order to provide support and such funds shall be disbursed according to the terms of such order;2\n\nPay any fines, restitution or costs as ordered by the court; and3\n\nDefray a portion of the prisoner’s keep.\n\t\t\t\tThe balance shall be credited to the prisoner’s account in accordance with § 53.1-42.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":269756,"text":"The Director, with the prior approval of the Governor, may enter into an agreement with a public or private entity to operate a work program in a state correctional facility for prisoners confined therein.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":269757,"text":"Articles produced or manufactured and services provided by prisoners participating in such a program may be purchased as provided in § 53.1-47 and may be bought, sold or acquired by exchange on the open market through the participating public or private entity.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":269758,"text":"The Director shall arrange for compensation for such employment. Wages earned by prisoners shall be paid to the Director who shall deduct from such wages, in the following order of priority, an amount to:","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"C1"},"3":{"id":269759,"text":"Meet the obligation of any judicial or administrative order to provide support and such funds shall be disbursed according to the terms of such order;","type":"section","prefixes":["C","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"C1","prefix_anchor":"C1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"C","next_prefix":"C2"},"4":{"id":269760,"text":"Pay any fines, restitution or costs as ordered by the court; and","type":"section","prefixes":["C","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"C2","prefix_anchor":"C2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"C1","next_prefix":"C3"},"5":{"id":269761,"text":"Defray a portion of the prisoner’s keep.\n\t\t\t\tThe balance shall be credited to the prisoner’s account in accordance with § 53.1-42.","type":"section","prefixes":["C","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"C3","prefix_anchor":"C3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"C2"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13522,"edition_id":1,"name":"Employment and Training of Prisoners","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12718,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:07","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:07","permalink":{"id":238103,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13522,"identifier":"3","token":"53.1\/2\/3","url":"\/53.1\/2\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12718,"edition_id":1,"name":"State Correctional Facilities","identifier":"2","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12717,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":237861,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12718,"identifier":"2","token":"53.1\/2","url":"\/53.1\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12717,"edition_id":1,"name":"Prisons and Other Methods of Correction","identifier":"53.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":237591,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12717,"identifier":"53.1","token":"53.1","url":"\/53.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":68369,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-41","catch_line":"Opportunities for work and career and technical education","url":"\/53.1-41\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-41","metadata":false},{"id":75791,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-42","catch_line":"Allowance for work and disposition thereof","url":"\/53.1-42\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-42","metadata":false},{"id":56500,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-43","catch_line":"Pay incentives for prisoners","url":"\/53.1-43\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-43","metadata":false},{"id":63102,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-43.1","catch_line":"Inmate trust accounts","url":"\/53.1-43.1\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-43.1","metadata":false},{"id":66693,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-44","catch_line":"Investment of funds belonging to prisoners; use of income","url":"\/53.1-44\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-44","metadata":false},{"id":57738,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-45","catch_line":"Sale of prison goods and services; print shop","url":"\/53.1-45\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-45","metadata":false},{"id":75103,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-45.1","catch_line":"Work programs; agreements with other entities","url":"\/53.1-45.1\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-45.1","metadata":false},{"id":85277,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-45.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/53.1-45.2\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-45.2","metadata":false},{"id":75355,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-46","catch_line":"Sale of artistic products","url":"\/53.1-46\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-46","metadata":false},{"id":60557,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-47","catch_line":"Purchases by agencies, localities, and certain nonprofit organizations","url":"\/53.1-47\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-47","metadata":false},{"id":79677,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-48","catch_line":"Exceptions as to purchases","url":"\/53.1-48\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-48","metadata":false},{"id":54489,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-49","catch_line":"Evasion by variance from specifications of Director","url":"\/53.1-49\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-49","metadata":false},{"id":84328,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-50","catch_line":"Vouchers, certificates and warrants not to be questioned","url":"\/53.1-50\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-50","metadata":false},{"id":68460,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-51","catch_line":"Intentional violations constitute malfeasance","url":"\/53.1-51\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-51","metadata":false},{"id":58601,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-52","catch_line":"Procedure for purchases","url":"\/53.1-52\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-52","metadata":false},{"id":68855,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-53","catch_line":"Transfer or sale of by-products of manufacturing processes","url":"\/53.1-53\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-53","metadata":false},{"id":61796,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-54","catch_line":"Charges and catalogue; annual estimates of requirements by departments, etc","url":"\/53.1-54\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-54","metadata":false},{"id":76184,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-55","catch_line":"Sale or exchange of goods manufactured by prisoners of other states","url":"\/53.1-55\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-55","metadata":false},{"id":84059,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-56","catch_line":"Construction and maintenance of highways; grass cutting; acquisition of quarries, etc.; use of materials for county roads","url":"\/53.1-56\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-56","metadata":false},{"id":61109,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-57","catch_line":"Payments by Department of Transportation to Director for labor","url":"\/53.1-57\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-57","metadata":false},{"id":68457,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-58","catch_line":"Highway employees as guards","url":"\/53.1-58\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-58","metadata":false},{"id":87161,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-59","catch_line":"Prisoners performing work for localities, state agencies or nonprofit civic organizations; payment of costs; foremen as guards","url":"\/53.1-59\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-59","metadata":false},{"id":77283,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-60","catch_line":"Extending limits of confinement of state prisoners for work and educational programs; disposition of wages; support of certain dependents; penalties for violations","url":"\/53.1-60\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-60","metadata":false},{"id":70647,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-60.1","catch_line":"Duties of Director in collecting court-imposed debt","url":"\/53.1-60.1\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-60.1","metadata":false},{"id":68764,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-61","catch_line":"Determination whether prisoner has dependents receiving public assistance; payment of portion of earnings; remedies for enforcement of support obligation","url":"\/53.1-61\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-61","metadata":false},{"id":87397,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-62","catch_line":"When ineligible for work release","url":"\/53.1-62\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-62","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":57738,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-45","catch_line":"Sale of prison goods and services; print shop","url":"\/53.1-45\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-45","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":85277,"structure_id":13522,"section_number":"53.1-45.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/53.1-45.2\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-45.2","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/53.1-45.1\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1993. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 464 and 488 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1993 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1996, chapters 284<\/a> and 368<\/a>; in 2003, chapters 94<\/a> and 854<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":75791,"section_number":"53.1-42","catch_line":"Allowance for work and disposition thereof","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-42\/"},{"id":60557,"section_number":"53.1-47","catch_line":"Purchases by agencies, localities, and certain nonprofit organizations","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-47\/"}],"permalink":{"id":238129,"object_type":"law","relational_id":75103,"identifier":"53.1-45.1","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-45.1","url":"\/53.1-45.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/53.1-45.1\/","token":"53.1\/2\/3\/53.1-45.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Work programs; agreements with other entities","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 53.1-45.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> The Director<\/span>, with the prior approval of the Governor, may enter into an agreement with a public or private entity to operate a work program in a state correctional facility<\/span> for prisoners confined therein. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Articles produced or manufactured and services provided by prisoners participating in such a program may be purchased as provided in § 53.1-47<\/a> and may be bought, sold or acquired by exchange on the open market through the participating public or private entity. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> The Director<\/span> shall arrange for compensation for such employment. Wages earned by prisoners shall be paid to the Director<\/span> who shall deduct from such wages, in the following order<\/span> of priority, an amount to: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Meet the obligation of any judicial or administrative order<\/span> to provide support and such funds shall be disbursed according to the terms of such order<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Pay any fines, restitution<\/span> or costs as ordered by the court<\/span>; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Defray a portion of the prisoner’s keep.\n\t\t\t\tThe balance shall be credited to the prisoner’s account in accordance with § 53.1-42<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nWORK PROGRAMS; AGREEMENTS WITH OTHER ENTITIES (\u00a7 53.1-45.1)\n\nA. The Director, with the prior approval of the Governor, may enter into an\nagreement with a public or private entity to operate a work program in a state\ncorrectional facility for prisoners confined therein.\n\nB. Articles produced or manufactured and services provided by prisoners\nparticipating in such a program may be purchased as provided in § 53.1-47\nand may be bought, sold or acquired by exchange on the open market through the\nparticipating public or private entity.\n\nC. The Director shall arrange for compensation for such employment. Wages earned\nby prisoners shall be paid to the Director who shall deduct from such wages, in\nthe following order of priority, an amount to:\n\n 1. Meet the obligation of any judicial or administrative order to provide\n support and such funds shall be disbursed according to the terms of such\n order;\n\n 2. Pay any fines, restitution or costs as ordered by the court; and\n\n 3. Defray a portion of the prisoner’s keep.\n \t\t\t\tThe balance shall be credited to the prisoner’s account in\n accordance with § 53.1-42.\n\nHISTORY: 1993, cc. 464, 488; 1996, cc. 284, 368; 2003, cc. 94, 854.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}