{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/54.1-2966.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/54.1-2966.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/54.1-2966.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/54.1-2966.html"}],"law_id":65325,"edition_id":1,"section_id":65325,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2966","catch_line":"Physicians reporting disabilities to aircraft pilots licensing authorities exempt from liability; testifying in certain proceedings","history":"1978, c. 561, \u00a7 54-276.9:1; 1988, c. 765.","full_text":"A\n\nAny physician who, in good faith, reports the existence, or probable existence, of a mental or physical disability or infirmity in any person licensed or certificated to operate any type of aircraft, or any applicant for a license or certificate to operate any type of aircraft, to a governmental agency which is responsible for issuing, renewing, revoking or suspending such licenses or certificates, or which is responsible for air safety, which the physician believes will or reasonably could affect such person&#8217;s ability to safely operate the aircraft he is licensed or certificated, or is seeking to be licensed or certificated, to operate shall not be liable for any civil damages resulting from such reporting, regardless of whether such person is, or has been, a patient of such physician, except when such reporting was done with malice.B\n\nNotwithstanding any provision of &#xA7; 8.01-399, any physician may testify in any administrative hearing or other proceeding regarding the issuance, renewal, revocation or suspension of any license or certificate to pilot an aircraft of any person, regardless of whether such person is, or has been, a patient of such physician, giving evidence of the existence or probable existence, of a mental or physical disability or infirmity.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":237553,"text":"Any physician who, in good faith, reports the existence, or probable existence, of a mental or physical disability or infirmity in any person licensed or certificated to operate any type of aircraft, or any applicant for a license or certificate to operate any type of aircraft, to a governmental agency which is responsible for issuing, renewing, revoking or suspending such licenses or certificates, or which is responsible for air safety, which the physician believes will or reasonably could affect such person&#8217;s ability to safely operate the aircraft he is licensed or certificated, or is seeking to be licensed or certificated, to operate shall not be liable for any civil damages resulting from such reporting, regardless of whether such person is, or has been, a patient of such physician, except when such reporting was done with malice.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":237554,"text":"Notwithstanding any provision of &#xA7; 8.01-399, any physician may testify in any administrative hearing or other proceeding regarding the issuance, renewal, revocation or suspension of any license or certificate to pilot an aircraft of any person, regardless of whether such person is, or has been, a patient of such physician, giving evidence of the existence or probable existence, of a mental or physical disability or infirmity.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":12760,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Standards of Practice","identifier":"6","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12759,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":242459,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12760,"identifier":"6","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6","url":"\/54.1\/III\/29\/6\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12759,"edition_id":1,"name":"Medicine and Other Healing Arts","identifier":"29","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12758,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":241933,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12759,"identifier":"29","token":"54.1\/III\/29","url":"\/54.1\/III\/29\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12758,"edition_id":1,"name":"Professions and Occupations Regulated by Boards Within the Department of Health Professions","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12754,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":241105,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12758,"identifier":"III","token":"54.1\/III","url":"\/54.1\/III\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12754,"edition_id":1,"name":"Professions and Occupations","identifier":"54.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":239313,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12754,"identifier":"54.1","token":"54.1","url":"\/54.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":57243,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2962","catch_line":"Division of fees among physicians prohibited","url":"\/54.1-2962\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2962","metadata":false},{"id":61370,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2962.01","catch_line":"Anatomic pathology services; fees","url":"\/54.1-2962.01\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2962.01","metadata":false},{"id":69059,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2962.1","catch_line":"Solicitation or receipt of remuneration in exchange for referral prohibited","url":"\/54.1-2962.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2962.1","metadata":false},{"id":61450,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2962.2","catch_line":"Physician-patient relationship; effect of certain emergency department treatment","url":"\/54.1-2962.2\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2962.2","metadata":false},{"id":53953,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2963","catch_line":"Selling vitamins or food supplements in connection with a practice of the healing arts; chiropractor recommending vitamins, minerals, or food supplements","url":"\/54.1-2963\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2963","metadata":false},{"id":85230,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2963.1","catch_line":"Disclosure of medical treatment options","url":"\/54.1-2963.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2963.1","metadata":false},{"id":80734,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2963.2","catch_line":"Expired","url":"\/54.1-2963.2\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2963.2","metadata":false},{"id":74620,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2964","catch_line":"Disclosure of interest in referral facilities and clinical laboratories","url":"\/54.1-2964\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2964","metadata":false},{"id":58159,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2965","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-2965\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2965","metadata":false},{"id":65325,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2966","catch_line":"Physicians reporting disabilities to aircraft pilots licensing authorities exempt from liability; testifying in certain proceedings","url":"\/54.1-2966\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2966","metadata":false},{"id":82938,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2966.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-2966.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2966.1","metadata":false},{"id":68976,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2967","catch_line":"Physicians and others rendering medical aid to report certain wounds","url":"\/54.1-2967\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2967","metadata":false},{"id":72506,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2968","catch_line":"Information about certain individuals with disabilities","url":"\/54.1-2968\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2968","metadata":false},{"id":54830,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2969","catch_line":"Authority to consent to surgical and medical treatment of certain minors","url":"\/54.1-2969\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2969","metadata":false},{"id":83134,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2970","catch_line":"Medical treatment for certain persons incapable of giving informed consent","url":"\/54.1-2970\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2970","metadata":false},{"id":76802,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2970.1","catch_line":"Individual incapable of making informed decision; procedure for physical evidence recovery kit examination; consent by minors","url":"\/54.1-2970.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2970.1","metadata":false},{"id":71025,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2971","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-2971\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2971","metadata":false},{"id":57814,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2971.01","catch_line":"Prescription in excess of recommended dosage in certain cases","url":"\/54.1-2971.01\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2971.01","metadata":false},{"id":79526,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2971.1","catch_line":"Disclosure for certain treatment of infertility","url":"\/54.1-2971.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2971.1","metadata":false},{"id":59523,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2972","catch_line":"When person deemed medically and legally dead; determination of death; nurses', licensed practical nurses', physician assistants', or advanced practice registered nurses' authority to pronounce death under certain circumstances","url":"\/54.1-2972\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2972","metadata":false},{"id":80891,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2973","catch_line":"Persons who may authorize postmortem examination of decedent's body","url":"\/54.1-2973\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2973","metadata":false},{"id":74475,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2973.1","catch_line":"Practice of laser hair removal","url":"\/54.1-2973.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2973.1","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":58159,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2965","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-2965\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2965","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":82938,"structure_id":12760,"section_number":"54.1-2966.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-2966.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2966.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/54.1-2966\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1978. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 561 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1978 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1988, chapter 765.<\/p>","references":[{"id":58930,"section_number":"32.1-127.1:03","catch_line":"Health records privacy","order_by":null,"url":"\/32.1-127.1_03\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":82405,"section_number":"8.01-399","catch_line":"Communications between physicians and patients (Supreme Court Rule 2:505 derived from this section)","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-399\/"}],"permalink":{"id":242497,"object_type":"law","relational_id":65325,"identifier":"54.1-2966","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2966","url":"\/54.1-2966\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/54.1-2966\/","token":"54.1\/III\/29\/6\/54.1-2966","dublin_core":{"Title":"Physicians reporting disabilities to aircraft pilots licensing authorities exempt from liability; testifying in certain proceedings","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 54.1-2966","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Any physician who, in good faith, reports the existence, or probable existence, of a mental or physical disability or infirmity in any person licensed or certificated to operate any type of aircraft, or any applicant for a license or certificate to operate any type of aircraft, to a governmental agency which is responsible for issuing, renewing, revoking or suspending such licenses or certificates, or which is responsible for air safety, which the physician believes will or reasonably could affect such person&#8217;s ability to safely operate the aircraft he is licensed or certificated, or is seeking to be licensed or certificated, to operate shall not be liable for any civil <span class=\"dictionary\">damages<\/span> resulting from such reporting, regardless of whether such person is, or has been, a patient of such physician, except when such reporting was done with <span class=\"dictionary\">malice<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-237553\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/54.1-2966\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> Notwithstanding any provision of &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Communications between physicians and patients (Supreme Court Rule 2:505 derived from this section)\" href=\"\/8.01-399\/\">8.01-399<\/a>, any physician may testify in any administrative <span class=\"dictionary\">hearing<\/span> or other proceeding regarding the issuance, renewal, <span class=\"dictionary\">revocation<\/span> or suspension of any license or certificate to pilot an aircraft of any person, regardless of whether such person is, or has been, a patient of such physician, giving <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span> of the existence or probable existence, of a mental or physical disability or infirmity. <a id=\"paragraph-237554\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/54.1-2966\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPHYSICIANS REPORTING DISABILITIES TO AIRCRAFT PILOTS LICENSING AUTHORITIES\nEXEMPT FROM LIABILITY; TESTIFYING IN CERTAIN PROCEEDINGS (\u00a7 54.1-2966)\n\nA. Any physician who, in good faith, reports the existence, or probable\nexistence, of a mental or physical disability or infirmity in any person\nlicensed or certificated to operate any type of aircraft, or any applicant for a\nlicense or certificate to operate any type of aircraft, to a governmental agency\nwhich is responsible for issuing, renewing, revoking or suspending such licenses\nor certificates, or which is responsible for air safety, which the physician\nbelieves will or reasonably could affect such person&#8217;s ability to safely\noperate the aircraft he is licensed or certificated, or is seeking to be\nlicensed or certificated, to operate shall not be liable for any civil damages\nresulting from such reporting, regardless of whether such person is, or has\nbeen, a patient of such physician, except when such reporting was done with\nmalice.\n\nB. Notwithstanding any provision of &#xA7; 8.01-399, any physician may testify\nin any administrative hearing or other proceeding regarding the issuance,\nrenewal, revocation or suspension of any license or certificate to pilot an\naircraft of any person, regardless of whether such person is, or has been, a\npatient of such physician, giving evidence of the existence or probable\nexistence, of a mental or physical disability or infirmity.\n\nHISTORY: 1978, c. 561, \u00a7 54-276.9:1; 1988, c. 765.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}