{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/54.1-3320.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/54.1-3320.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/54.1-3320.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/54.1-3320.html"}],"law_id":55249,"edition_id":1,"section_id":55249,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3320","catch_line":"Acts restricted to pharmacists","history":"2001, c. 317; 2005, c. 403; 2006, c. 626; 2010, c. 90; 2024, c. 214.","full_text":"A\n\nWithin the practice of pharmacy as defined in \u00a7 54.1-3300, the following acts shall be performed by pharmacists, except as provided in subsection B:1\n\nThe review of a prescription, in conformance with this chapter and Chapter 34 (§ 54.1-3400 et seq.) of this title and with current practices in pharmacy, for its completeness, validity, safety, and drug-therapy appropriateness, including, but not limited to, interactions, contraindications, adverse effects, incorrect dosage or duration of treatment, clinical misuse or abuse, and noncompliance and duplication of therapy;2\n\nThe receipt of an oral prescription from a practitioner or his authorized agent;3\n\nThe conduct of a prospective drug review and counseling as required by § 54.1-3319 prior to the dispensing or refilling of any prescription;4\n\nThe provision of information to the public or to a practitioner concerning the therapeutic value and use of drugs in the treatment and prevention of disease;5\n\nThe communication with the prescriber, or the prescriber’s agent, involving any modification other than refill authorization of a prescription or of any drug therapy, resolution of any drug therapy problem, or the substitution of any drug prescribed, except for tasks that may be performed by a pharmacy technician as set forth in subdivisions A 7 and 8 of § 54.1-3321;6\n\nThe verification of the accuracy of a completed prescription prior to dispensing the prescription;7\n\nThe supervision of pharmacy interns and pharmacy technicians; and8\n\nAny other activity required by regulation to be performed by a pharmacist.B\n\nA pharmacy intern may engage in the acts to be performed by a pharmacist as set forth in subsection A or the Drug Control Act (§ 54.1-3400 et seq.) for the purpose of obtaining practical experience required for licensure as a pharmacist, if the supervising pharmacist is directly monitoring these activities.C\n\nA registered pharmacy technician, working under the direct supervision of a qualified nuclear pharmacist, as defined by regulations of the Board, may accept oral prescriptions for diagnostic, nonpatient specific radiopharmaceuticals in accordance with subsection C of § 54.1-3410.1.D\n\nConsistent with patient safety, a pharmacist shall exercise sole authority in determining the maximum number of pharmacy technicians that he shall supervise; however, no pharmacist shall supervise more pharmacy technicians than allowed by Board regulations.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":202573,"text":"Within the practice of pharmacy as defined in \u00a7 54.1-3300, the following acts shall be performed by pharmacists, except as provided in subsection B:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":202574,"text":"The review of a prescription, in conformance with this chapter and Chapter 34 (§ 54.1-3400 et seq.) of this title and with current practices in pharmacy, for its completeness, validity, safety, and drug-therapy appropriateness, including, but not limited to, interactions, contraindications, adverse effects, incorrect dosage or duration of treatment, clinical misuse or abuse, and noncompliance and duplication of therapy;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":202575,"text":"The receipt of an oral prescription from a practitioner or his authorized agent;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"A3"},"3":{"id":202576,"text":"The conduct of a prospective drug review and counseling as required by § 54.1-3319 prior to the dispensing or refilling of any prescription;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"A3","prefix_anchor":"A3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"A4"},"4":{"id":202577,"text":"The provision of information to the public or to a practitioner concerning the therapeutic value and use of drugs in the treatment and prevention of disease;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"A4","prefix_anchor":"A4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A3","next_prefix":"A5"},"5":{"id":202578,"text":"The communication with the prescriber, or the prescriber’s agent, involving any modification other than refill authorization of a prescription or of any drug therapy, resolution of any drug therapy problem, or the substitution of any drug prescribed, except for tasks that may be performed by a pharmacy technician as set forth in subdivisions A 7 and 8 of § 54.1-3321;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"A5","prefix_anchor":"A5","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A4","next_prefix":"A6"},"6":{"id":202579,"text":"The verification of the accuracy of a completed prescription prior to dispensing the prescription;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"A6","prefix_anchor":"A6","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A5","next_prefix":"A7"},"7":{"id":202580,"text":"The supervision of pharmacy interns and pharmacy technicians; and","type":"section","prefixes":["A","7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"A7","prefix_anchor":"A7","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A6","next_prefix":"A8"},"8":{"id":202581,"text":"Any other activity required by regulation to be performed by a pharmacist.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"A8","prefix_anchor":"A8","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A7","next_prefix":"B"},"9":{"id":202582,"text":"A pharmacy intern may engage in the acts to be performed by a pharmacist as set forth in subsection A or the Drug Control Act (§ 54.1-3400 et seq.) for the purpose of obtaining practical experience required for licensure as a pharmacist, if the supervising pharmacist is directly monitoring these activities.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A8","next_prefix":"C"},"10":{"id":202583,"text":"A registered pharmacy technician, working under the direct supervision of a qualified nuclear pharmacist, as defined by regulations of the Board, may accept oral prescriptions for diagnostic, nonpatient specific radiopharmaceuticals in accordance with subsection C of § 54.1-3410.1.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"11":{"id":202584,"text":"Consistent with patient safety, a pharmacist shall exercise sole authority in determining the maximum number of pharmacy technicians that he shall supervise; however, no pharmacist shall supervise more pharmacy technicians than allowed by Board regulations.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13497,"edition_id":1,"name":"Licensure of Pharmacists","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13496,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:04","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:04","permalink":{"id":243163,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13497,"identifier":"3","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3","url":"\/54.1\/III\/33\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13496,"edition_id":1,"name":"Pharmacy","identifier":"33","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12758,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:04","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:04","permalink":{"id":243093,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13496,"identifier":"33","token":"54.1\/III\/33","url":"\/54.1\/III\/33\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12758,"edition_id":1,"name":"Professions and Occupations Regulated by Boards Within the Department of Health Professions","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12754,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":241105,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12758,"identifier":"III","token":"54.1\/III","url":"\/54.1\/III\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12754,"edition_id":1,"name":"Professions and Occupations","identifier":"54.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":239313,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12754,"identifier":"54.1","token":"54.1","url":"\/54.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":64552,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3310","catch_line":"Unlawful to practice without license","url":"\/54.1-3310\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3310","metadata":false},{"id":84256,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3311","catch_line":"Application and examination","url":"\/54.1-3311\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3311","metadata":false},{"id":66113,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3312","catch_line":"Qualifications of pharmacist; approved school of pharmacy defined","url":"\/54.1-3312\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3312","metadata":false},{"id":64192,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3313","catch_line":"Licensure by endorsement","url":"\/54.1-3313\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3313","metadata":false},{"id":84110,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3314","catch_line":"Display of license","url":"\/54.1-3314\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3314","metadata":false},{"id":83281,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3314.1","catch_line":"Continuing education requirements; exemptions; extensions; procedures; out-of-state licensees; nonpractice licenses","url":"\/54.1-3314.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3314.1","metadata":false},{"id":59433,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3315","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-3315\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3315","metadata":false},{"id":54462,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3316","catch_line":"Refusal; revocation; suspension and denial","url":"\/54.1-3316\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3316","metadata":false},{"id":84200,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3317","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/54.1-3317\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3317","metadata":false},{"id":58172,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3318","catch_line":"Notification of revocation","url":"\/54.1-3318\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3318","metadata":false},{"id":64886,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3319","catch_line":"Counseling","url":"\/54.1-3319\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3319","metadata":false},{"id":55249,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3320","catch_line":"Acts restricted to pharmacists","url":"\/54.1-3320\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3320","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":64886,"structure_id":13497,"section_number":"54.1-3319","catch_line":"Counseling","url":"\/54.1-3319\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3319","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/54.1-3320\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2001. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 317<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2005, chapter 403<\/a>; in 2006, chapter 626<\/a>; in 2010, chapter 90<\/a>; in 2024, chapter 214<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":72064,"section_number":"54.1-3300","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-3300\/"},{"id":64886,"section_number":"54.1-3319","catch_line":"Counseling","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-3319\/"},{"id":67267,"section_number":"54.1-3321","catch_line":"Registration of pharmacy technicians","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-3321\/"},{"id":77846,"section_number":"54.1-3400","catch_line":"Citation","order_by":null,"url":"\/54.1-3400\/"}],"permalink":{"id":243209,"object_type":"law","relational_id":55249,"identifier":"54.1-3320","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3320","url":"\/54.1-3320\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/54.1-3320\/","token":"54.1\/III\/33\/3\/54.1-3320","dublin_core":{"Title":"Acts restricted to pharmacists","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 54.1-3320","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Within the practice of pharmacy<\/span> as defined in \u00a7 54.1-3300<\/a>, the following acts shall be performed by pharmacists<\/span>, except as provided in subsection B: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> The review of a prescription, in conformance with this chapter and Chapter 34 (§ 54.1-3400<\/a> et seq.) of this title and with current practices in pharmacy, for its completeness, validity, safety, and drug-therapy appropriateness, including, but not limited to, interactions, contraindications, adverse effects, incorrect dosage or duration of treatment, clinical misuse or abuse, and noncompliance and duplication of therapy; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> The receipt of an oral prescription from a practitioner or his authorized agent; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> The conduct of a prospective drug review and counseling as required by § 54.1-3319<\/a> prior to the dispensing or refilling of any prescription; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> The provision of information to the public or to a practitioner concerning the therapeutic value and use of drugs in the treatment and prevention of disease; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> The communication with the prescriber, or the prescriber’s agent, involving any modification other than refill authorization of a prescription or of any drug therapy, resolution of any drug therapy problem, or the substitution of any drug prescribed, except for tasks that may be performed by a pharmacy technician<\/span> as set forth in subdivisions A 7 and 8 of § 54.1-3321<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> The verification of the accuracy of a completed prescription prior to dispensing the prescription; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

7.<\/span> The supervision<\/span> of pharmacy interns<\/span> and pharmacy technicians<\/span>; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

8.<\/span> Any other activity required by regulation to be performed by a pharmacist<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> A pharmacy intern<\/span> may engage in the acts to be performed by a pharmacist<\/span> as set forth in subsection A or the Drug Control Act (§ 54.1-3400<\/a> et seq.) for the purpose of obtaining practical experience required for licensure as a pharmacist<\/span>, if the supervising pharmacist<\/span> is directly monitoring these activities. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> A registered pharmacy technician<\/span>, working under the direct supervision<\/span> of a qualified nuclear pharmacist<\/span>, as defined by regulations of the Board<\/span>, may accept oral prescriptions for diagnostic, nonpatient specific radiopharmaceuticals in accordance with subsection C of § 54.1-3410.1<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> Consistent with patient safety, a pharmacist<\/span> shall exercise sole authority in determining the maximum number of pharmacy technicians<\/span> that he shall supervise; however, no pharmacist<\/span> shall supervise more pharmacy technicians<\/span> than allowed by Board<\/span> regulations. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nACTS RESTRICTED TO PHARMACISTS (\u00a7 54.1-3320)\n\nA. Within the practice of pharmacy as defined in \u00a7 54.1-3300, the following\nacts shall be performed by pharmacists, except as provided in subsection B:\n\n 1. The review of a prescription, in conformance with this chapter and Chapter\n 34 (§ 54.1-3400 et seq.) of this title and with current practices in\n pharmacy, for its completeness, validity, safety, and drug-therapy\n appropriateness, including, but not limited to, interactions,\n contraindications, adverse effects, incorrect dosage or duration of treatment,\n clinical misuse or abuse, and noncompliance and duplication of therapy;\n\n 2. The receipt of an oral prescription from a practitioner or his authorized\n agent;\n\n 3. The conduct of a prospective drug review and counseling as required by\n § 54.1-3319 prior to the dispensing or refilling of any prescription;\n\n 4. The provision of information to the public or to a practitioner concerning\n the therapeutic value and use of drugs in the treatment and prevention of\n disease;\n\n 5. The communication with the prescriber, or the prescriber’s agent,\n involving any modification other than refill authorization of a prescription\n or of any drug therapy, resolution of any drug therapy problem, or the\n substitution of any drug prescribed, except for tasks that may be performed by\n a pharmacy technician as set forth in subdivisions A 7 and 8 of §\n 54.1-3321;\n\n 6. The verification of the accuracy of a completed prescription prior to\n dispensing the prescription;\n\n 7. The supervision of pharmacy interns and pharmacy technicians; and\n\n 8. Any other activity required by regulation to be performed by a pharmacist.\n\nB. A pharmacy intern may engage in the acts to be performed by a pharmacist as\nset forth in subsection A or the Drug Control Act (§ 54.1-3400 et seq.) for\nthe purpose of obtaining practical experience required for licensure as a\npharmacist, if the supervising pharmacist is directly monitoring these\nactivities.\n\nC. A registered pharmacy technician, working under the direct supervision of a\nqualified nuclear pharmacist, as defined by regulations of the Board, may accept\noral prescriptions for diagnostic, nonpatient specific radiopharmaceuticals in\naccordance with subsection C of § 54.1-3410.1.\n\nD. Consistent with patient safety, a pharmacist shall exercise sole authority in\ndetermining the maximum number of pharmacy technicians that he shall supervise;\nhowever, no pharmacist shall supervise more pharmacy technicians than allowed by\nBoard regulations.\n\nHISTORY: 2001, c. 317; 2005, c. 403; 2006, c. 626; 2010, c. 90; 2024, c. 214.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}