{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/54.1-3454.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/54.1-3454.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/54.1-3454.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/54.1-3454.html"}],"law_id":86457,"edition_id":1,"section_id":86457,"structure_id":13782,"section_number":"54.1-3454","catch_line":"Schedule V","history":"1972, c. 798, \u00a7 54-524.84:12; 1976, c. 614; 1977, c. 302; 1979, c. 387; 1984, c. 186; 1986, c. 463; 1988, c. 765; 1992, c. 737; 1994, c. 763; 2003, c. 640; 2006, c. 346; 2010, c. 423; 2012, c. 541; 2017, c. 612; 2019, c. 214; 2022, cc. 114, 115; 2024, cc. 62, 228.","full_text":"The controlled substances listed in this section are included in Schedule V:\n\n1\n\nAny compound, mixture, or preparation containing limited quantities of any of the following narcotic drugs, which also contains one or more nonnarcotic active medicinal ingredients in sufficient proportion to confer upon the compound, mixture, or preparation, valuable medicinal qualities other than those possessed by the narcotic drug alone:\n\t\t\tNot more than 200 milligrams of codeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of dihydrocodeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of ethylmorphine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 2.5 milligrams of diphenoxylate and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 0.5 milligrams of difenoxin and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit.\n\t\t\tThe Board may except by regulation any compound, mixture, or preparation containing any depressant substance listed in subdivision 1 from the application of all or any part of this chapter and such substances so excepted may be dispensed pursuant to § 54.1-3416.2\n\nUnless specifically excepted or listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substances having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers:\n\t\t\tPyrovalerone.3\n\nUnless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts:\n\t\t\tBrivaracetam ((2S)-2-[(4R)-2-oxo-4-propylpyrrolidin-1-yl] butanamide) (also referred to as BRV; UCB-34714; Briviact);\n\t\t\tEzogabine [N-[2-amino-4-(4-fluorobenzylamino)-phenyl]-carbamic acid ethyl ester]-2779;\n\t\t\tGabapentin [1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexaneacetic acid];\n\t\t\tGanaxolone;\n\t\t\tLacosamide [(R)-2-acetoamido-N-benzyl-3-methoxy-propionamide];\n\t\t\tLasmiditan [2,4,6-trifluoro-N-(6-(1-methylpiperidine-4-carbonyl)pyridine-2-yl-benzamide];\n\t\t\tPregabalin [(S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid].","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":309671,"text":"The controlled substances listed in this section are included in Schedule V:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":309672,"text":"Any compound, mixture, or preparation containing limited quantities of any of the following narcotic drugs, which also contains one or more nonnarcotic active medicinal ingredients in sufficient proportion to confer upon the compound, mixture, or preparation, valuable medicinal qualities other than those possessed by the narcotic drug alone:\n\t\t\tNot more than 200 milligrams of codeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of dihydrocodeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of ethylmorphine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 2.5 milligrams of diphenoxylate and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 0.5 milligrams of difenoxin and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit.\n\t\t\tThe Board may except by regulation any compound, mixture, or preparation containing any depressant substance listed in subdivision 1 from the application of all or any part of this chapter and such substances so excepted may be dispensed pursuant to § 54.1-3416.","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":309673,"text":"Unless specifically excepted or listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substances having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers:\n\t\t\tPyrovalerone.","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":309674,"text":"Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts:\n\t\t\tBrivaracetam ((2S)-2-[(4R)-2-oxo-4-propylpyrrolidin-1-yl] butanamide) (also referred to as BRV; UCB-34714; Briviact);\n\t\t\tEzogabine [N-[2-amino-4-(4-fluorobenzylamino)-phenyl]-carbamic acid ethyl ester]-2779;\n\t\t\tGabapentin [1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexaneacetic acid];\n\t\t\tGanaxolone;\n\t\t\tLacosamide [(R)-2-acetoamido-N-benzyl-3-methoxy-propionamide];\n\t\t\tLasmiditan [2,4,6-trifluoro-N-(6-(1-methylpiperidine-4-carbonyl)pyridine-2-yl-benzamide];\n\t\t\tPregabalin [(S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid].","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13782,"edition_id":1,"name":"Standards and Schedules","identifier":"5","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13240,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:52","permalink":{"id":243623,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13782,"identifier":"5","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5","url":"\/54.1\/III\/34\/5\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13240,"edition_id":1,"name":"Drug Control Act","identifier":"34","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12758,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:30","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:30","permalink":{"id":243223,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13240,"identifier":"34","token":"54.1\/III\/34","url":"\/54.1\/III\/34\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12758,"edition_id":1,"name":"Professions and Occupations Regulated by Boards Within the Department of Health Professions","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12754,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":241105,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12758,"identifier":"III","token":"54.1\/III","url":"\/54.1\/III\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12754,"edition_id":1,"name":"Professions and Occupations","identifier":"54.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":239313,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12754,"identifier":"54.1","token":"54.1","url":"\/54.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":66818,"structure_id":13782,"section_number":"54.1-3443","catch_line":"Board to administer article","url":"\/54.1-3443\/","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3443","metadata":false},{"id":70506,"structure_id":13782,"section_number":"54.1-3444","catch_line":"Controlled substances included by whatever name designated","url":"\/54.1-3444\/","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3444","metadata":false},{"id":55398,"structure_id":13782,"section_number":"54.1-3445","catch_line":"Placement of substance in Schedule I","url":"\/54.1-3445\/","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3445","metadata":false},{"id":61892,"structure_id":13782,"section_number":"54.1-3446","catch_line":"Schedule 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analog","url":"\/54.1-3456\/","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3456","metadata":false},{"id":54792,"structure_id":13782,"section_number":"54.1-3456.1","catch_line":"Drugs of concern","url":"\/54.1-3456.1\/","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3456.1","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":67045,"structure_id":13782,"section_number":"54.1-3453","catch_line":"Placement of substance in Schedule V","url":"\/54.1-3453\/","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3453","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":82814,"structure_id":13782,"section_number":"54.1-3455","catch_line":"Schedule VI","url":"\/54.1-3455\/","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3455","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/54.1-3454\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1972. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 798 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1972 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 16 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1976, chapter 614; in 1977, chapter 302; in 1979, chapter 387; in 1984, chapter 186; in 1986, chapter 463; in 1988, chapter 765; in 1992, chapter 737; in 1994, chapter 763<\/a>; in 2003, chapter 640<\/a>; in 2006, chapter 346<\/a>; in 2010, chapter 423<\/a>; in 2012, chapter 541<\/a>; in 2017, chapter 612<\/a>; in 2019, chapter 214<\/a>; in 2022, chapters 114<\/a> and 115<\/a>; in 2024, chapters 62<\/a> and 228<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":243669,"object_type":"law","relational_id":86457,"identifier":"54.1-3454","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3454","url":"\/54.1-3454\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/54.1-3454\/","token":"54.1\/III\/34\/5\/54.1-3454","dublin_core":{"Title":"Schedule V","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 54.1-3454","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

The controlled substances<\/span> listed in this section are included in Schedule V:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Any compound, mixture, or preparation containing limited quantities of any of the following narcotic drugs<\/span>, which also contains one or more nonnarcotic active medicinal ingredients in sufficient proportion to confer upon the compound, mixture, or preparation, valuable medicinal qualities other than those possessed by the narcotic drug<\/span> alone:\n\t\t\tNot more than 200 milligrams of codeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of dihydrocodeine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of ethylmorphine, or any of its salts, per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 2.5 milligrams of diphenoxylate and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 0.5 milligrams of difenoxin and not less than 25 micrograms of atropine sulfate per dosage unit.\n\t\t\tThe Board<\/span> may except by regulation any compound, mixture, or preparation containing any depressant substance listed in subdivision 1 from the application of all or any part of this chapter and such substances so excepted may be dispensed pursuant to § 54.1-3416<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Unless specifically excepted or listed in another schedule, any material<\/span>, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substances having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts, isomers<\/span>, and salts of isomers<\/span>:\n\t\t\tPyrovalerone. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material<\/span>, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts:\n\t\t\tBrivaracetam ((2S)-2-[(4R)-2-oxo-4-propylpyrrolidin-1-yl] butanamide) (also referred to as BRV; UCB-34714; Briviact);\n\t\t\tEzogabine [N-[2-amino-4-(4-fluorobenzylamino)-phenyl]-carbamic acid ethyl ester]-2779;\n\t\t\tGabapentin [1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexaneacetic acid];\n\t\t\tGanaxolone;\n\t\t\tLacosamide [(R)-2-acetoamido-N-benzyl-3-methoxy-propionamide];\n\t\t\tLasmiditan [2,4,6-trifluoro-N-(6-(1-methylpiperidine-4-carbonyl)pyridine-2-yl-benzamide];\n\t\t\tPregabalin [(S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid]. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nSCHEDULE V (\u00a7 54.1-3454)\n\nThe controlled substances listed in this section are included in Schedule V:\n\n1. Any compound, mixture, or preparation containing limited quantities of any of\nthe following narcotic drugs, which also contains one or more nonnarcotic active\nmedicinal ingredients in sufficient proportion to confer upon the compound,\nmixture, or preparation, valuable medicinal qualities other than those possessed\nby the narcotic drug alone:\n\t\t\tNot more than 200 milligrams of codeine, or any of its salts, per 100\nmilliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of dihydrocodeine, or any of its salts, per 100\nmilliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of ethylmorphine, or any of its salts, per 100\nmilliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 2.5 milligrams of diphenoxylate and not less than 25 micrograms\nof atropine sulfate per dosage unit;\n\t\t\tNot more than 100 milligrams of opium per 100 milliliters or per 100 grams;\n\t\t\tNot more than 0.5 milligrams of difenoxin and not less than 25 micrograms of\natropine sulfate per dosage unit.\n\t\t\tThe Board may except by regulation any compound, mixture, or preparation\ncontaining any depressant substance listed in subdivision 1 from the application\nof all or any part of this chapter and such substances so excepted may be\ndispensed pursuant to § 54.1-3416.\n\n2. Unless specifically excepted or listed in another schedule, any material,\ncompound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following\nsubstances having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system, including\nits salts, isomers, and salts of isomers:\n\t\t\tPyrovalerone.\n\n3. Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any\nmaterial, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the\nfollowing substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system,\nincluding its salts:\n\t\t\tBrivaracetam ((2S)-2-[(4R)-2-oxo-4-propylpyrrolidin-1-yl] butanamide) (also\nreferred to as BRV; UCB-34714; Briviact);\n\t\t\tEzogabine [N-[2-amino-4-(4-fluorobenzylamino)-phenyl]-carbamic acid ethyl\nester]-2779;\n\t\t\tGabapentin [1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexaneacetic acid];\n\t\t\tGanaxolone;\n\t\t\tLacosamide [(R)-2-acetoamido-N-benzyl-3-methoxy-propionamide];\n\t\t\tLasmiditan\n[2,4,6-trifluoro-N-(6-(1-methylpiperidine-4-carbonyl)pyridine-2-yl-benzamide];\n\t\t\tPregabalin [(S)-3-(aminomethyl)-5-methylhexanoic acid].\n\nHISTORY: 1972, c. 798, \u00a7 54-524.84:12; 1976, c. 614; 1977, c. 302; 1979, c.\n387; 1984, c. 186; 1986, c. 463; 1988, c. 765; 1992, c. 737; 1994, c. 763; 2003,\nc. 640; 2006, c. 346; 2010, c. 423; 2012, c. 541; 2017, c. 612; 2019, c. 214;\n2022, cc. 114, 115; 2024, cc. 62, 228.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}