{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/55.1-1820.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/55.1-1820.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/55.1-1820.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/55.1-1820.html"}],"law_id":77241,"edition_id":1,"section_id":77241,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1820","catch_line":"Display of the flag of the United States; necessary supporting structures; affirmative defense","history":"2000, c. 891, \u00a7 55-513.1; 2007, cc. 854, 910; 2008, cc. 851, 871; 2010, cc. 166, 453; 2019, c. 712; 2023, cc. 387, 388.","full_text":"A\n\nIn accordance with the federal Freedom to Display the American Flag Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-243), no association shall prohibit any lot owner from displaying upon property to which the lot owner has a separate ownership interest or a right to exclusive possession or use the flag of the United States whenever such display is in compliance with Chapter 1 of Title 4 of the United States Code (4 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.), or any rule or custom pertaining to the proper display of the flag. The association may, however, establish reasonable restrictions as to the size, place, duration, and manner of placement or display of the flag on such property, provided that such restrictions are necessary to protect a substantial interest of the association.B\n\nThe association may restrict the display of such flag in the common areas.C\n\nIn any action brought by the association under § 55.1-1819 for violation of a flag restriction, the association shall bear the burden of proof that the restrictions as to the size, place, duration, and manner of placement or display of such flag are necessary to protect a substantial interest of the association.D\n\nIn any action brought by the association under § 55.1-1819, the lot owner shall be entitled to assert as an affirmative defense that the required disclosure of any limitations pertaining to the display of flags or any flagpole or similar structure necessary to display such flags was not contained in the resale certificate as required by § 55.1-2310.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":277077,"text":"In accordance with the federal Freedom to Display the American Flag Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-243), no association shall prohibit any lot owner from displaying upon property to which the lot owner has a separate ownership interest or a right to exclusive possession or use the flag of the United States whenever such display is in compliance with Chapter 1 of Title 4 of the United States Code (4 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.), or any rule or custom pertaining to the proper display of the flag. The association may, however, establish reasonable restrictions as to the size, place, duration, and manner of placement or display of the flag on such property, provided that such restrictions are necessary to protect a substantial interest of the association.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":277078,"text":"The association may restrict the display of such flag in the common areas.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":277079,"text":"In any action brought by the association under § 55.1-1819 for violation of a flag restriction, the association shall bear the burden of proof that the restrictions as to the size, place, duration, and manner of placement or display of such flag are necessary to protect a substantial interest of the association.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":277080,"text":"In any action brought by the association under § 55.1-1819, the lot owner shall be entitled to assert as an affirmative defense that the required disclosure of any limitations pertaining to the display of flags or any flagpole or similar structure necessary to display such flags was not contained in the resale certificate as required by § 55.1-2310.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14602,"edition_id":1,"name":"Operation and Management of Association","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13840,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:48:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:48:50","permalink":{"id":246517,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14602,"identifier":"3","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13840,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property Owners' Association Act","identifier":"18","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12914,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:02","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:02","permalink":{"id":246475,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13840,"identifier":"18","token":"55.1\/IV\/18","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/18\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12914,"edition_id":1,"name":"Common Interest Communities","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12707,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","permalink":{"id":246473,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12914,"identifier":"IV","token":"55.1\/IV","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12707,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property and Conveyances","identifier":"55.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":244769,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12707,"identifier":"55.1","token":"55.1","url":"\/55.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":82116,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1815","catch_line":"Access to association records; association meetings; notice","url":"\/55.1-1815\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1815","metadata":false},{"id":58953,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1816","catch_line":"Meetings of the board of directors","url":"\/55.1-1816\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1816","metadata":false},{"id":71423,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1817","catch_line":"Distribution of information by members","url":"\/55.1-1817\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1817","metadata":false},{"id":74786,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1818","catch_line":"Common areas; notice of pesticide application","url":"\/55.1-1818\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1818","metadata":false},{"id":77313,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1819","catch_line":"Adoption and enforcement of rules","url":"\/55.1-1819\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1819","metadata":false},{"id":62295,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1819.1","catch_line":"Limitation of smoking in development","url":"\/55.1-1819.1\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1819.1","metadata":false},{"id":77241,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1820","catch_line":"Display of the flag of the United States; necessary supporting structures; affirmative defense","url":"\/55.1-1820\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1820","metadata":false},{"id":84984,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1820.1","catch_line":"Installation of solar energy collection devices","url":"\/55.1-1820.1\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1820.1","metadata":false},{"id":56111,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1821","catch_line":"Home-based businesses permitted; compliance with local ordinances","url":"\/55.1-1821\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1821","metadata":false},{"id":80736,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1822","catch_line":"Use of for sale signs in connection with sale","url":"\/55.1-1822\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1822","metadata":false},{"id":81871,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1823","catch_line":"Designation of authorized representative","url":"\/55.1-1823\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1823","metadata":false},{"id":67080,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1823.1","catch_line":"Electric vehicle charging stations permitted","url":"\/55.1-1823.1\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1823.1","metadata":false},{"id":83860,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1824","catch_line":"Assessments; late fees","url":"\/55.1-1824\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1824","metadata":false},{"id":69838,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1825","catch_line":"Authority to levy additional assessments; authority to borrow","url":"\/55.1-1825\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1825","metadata":false},{"id":63899,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1826","catch_line":"Annual budget; reserve study; reserves for capital components","url":"\/55.1-1826\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1826","metadata":false},{"id":68443,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1827","catch_line":"Deposit of funds; fidelity bond","url":"\/55.1-1827\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1827","metadata":false},{"id":72141,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1828","catch_line":"Compliance with declaration","url":"\/55.1-1828\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1828","metadata":false},{"id":58609,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1829","catch_line":"Amendment to declaration and bylaws; consent of mortgagee","url":"\/55.1-1829\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1829","metadata":false},{"id":65977,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1830","catch_line":"Validity of declaration; corrective amendments","url":"\/55.1-1830\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1830","metadata":false},{"id":62302,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1831","catch_line":"Reformation of declaration; judicial procedure","url":"\/55.1-1831\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1831","metadata":false},{"id":66064,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1832","catch_line":"Use of technology","url":"\/55.1-1832\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1832","metadata":false},{"id":74192,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1833","catch_line":"Lien for assessments; foreclosure","url":"\/55.1-1833\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1833","metadata":false},{"id":74729,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1834","catch_line":"Notice of sale under deed of trust","url":"\/55.1-1834\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1834","metadata":false},{"id":78030,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1835","catch_line":"Annual report by association","url":"\/55.1-1835\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1835","metadata":false},{"id":63125,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1836","catch_line":"Condemnation of common area; procedure","url":"\/55.1-1836\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1836","metadata":false},{"id":64074,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1837","catch_line":"Termination and duration of certain management contracts","url":"\/55.1-1837\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1837","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":62295,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1819.1","catch_line":"Limitation of smoking in development","url":"\/55.1-1819.1\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1819.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":84984,"structure_id":14602,"section_number":"55.1-1820.1","catch_line":"Installation of solar energy collection devices","url":"\/55.1-1820.1\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1820.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/55.1-1820\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2000. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 891<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2007, chapters 854<\/a> and 910<\/a>; in 2008, chapters 851<\/a> and 871<\/a>; in 2010, chapters 166<\/a> and 453<\/a>; in 2019, chapter 712<\/a>; in 2023, chapters 387<\/a> and 388<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":77313,"section_number":"55.1-1819","catch_line":"Adoption and enforcement of rules","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1819\/"},{"id":63018,"section_number":"55.1-2310","catch_line":"Resale certificate; form and contents","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2310\/"}],"permalink":{"id":246543,"object_type":"law","relational_id":77241,"identifier":"55.1-1820","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1820","url":"\/55.1-1820\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/55.1-1820\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/18\/3\/55.1-1820","dublin_core":{"Title":"Display of the flag of the United States; necessary supporting structures; affirmative defense","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 55.1-1820","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> In accordance with the federal Freedom to Display the American Flag Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-243), no association<\/span> shall prohibit any lot owner<\/span> from displaying upon property to which the lot owner<\/span> has a separate ownership interest or a right to exclusive possession<\/span> or use the flag of the United States whenever such display is in compliance with Chapter 1 of Title 4 of the United States Code (4 U.S.C. § 1 et seq.), or any rule or custom pertaining to the proper display of the flag. The association<\/span> may, however, establish reasonable restrictions as to the size, place, duration, and manner of placement or display of the flag on such property, provided that such restrictions are necessary to protect a substantial interest of the association<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> The association<\/span> may restrict the display of such flag in the common areas<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> In any action brought by the association<\/span> under § 55.1-1819<\/a> for violation of a flag restriction, the association<\/span> shall bear the burden of proof<\/span> that the restrictions as to the size, place, duration, and manner of placement or display of such flag are necessary to protect a substantial interest of the association<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> In any action brought by the association<\/span> under § 55.1-1819<\/a>, the lot owner<\/span> shall be entitled to assert as an affirmative defense<\/span> that the required disclosure of any limitations pertaining to the display of flags or any flagpole or similar structure necessary to display such flags was not contained in the resale certificate<\/span> as required by § 55.1-2310<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDISPLAY OF THE FLAG OF THE UNITED STATES; NECESSARY SUPPORTING STRUCTURES;\nAFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE (\u00a7 55.1-1820)\n\nA. In accordance with the federal Freedom to Display the American Flag Act of\n2005 (P.L. 109-243), no association shall prohibit any lot owner from displaying\nupon property to which the lot owner has a separate ownership interest or a\nright to exclusive possession or use the flag of the United States whenever such\ndisplay is in compliance with Chapter 1 of Title 4 of the United States Code (4\nU.S.C. § 1 et seq.), or any rule or custom pertaining to the proper display\nof the flag. The association may, however, establish reasonable restrictions as\nto the size, place, duration, and manner of placement or display of the flag on\nsuch property, provided that such restrictions are necessary to protect a\nsubstantial interest of the association.\n\nB. The association may restrict the display of such flag in the common areas.\n\nC. In any action brought by the association under § 55.1-1819 for violation\nof a flag restriction, the association shall bear the burden of proof that the\nrestrictions as to the size, place, duration, and manner of placement or display\nof such flag are necessary to protect a substantial interest of the association.\n\nD. In any action brought by the association under § 55.1-1819, the lot\nowner shall be entitled to assert as an affirmative defense that the required\ndisclosure of any limitations pertaining to the display of flags or any flagpole\nor similar structure necessary to display such flags was not contained in the\nresale certificate as required by § 55.1-2310.\n\nHISTORY: 2000, c. 891, \u00a7 55-513.1; 2007, cc. 854, 910; 2008, cc. 851, 871;\n2010, cc. 166, 453; 2019, c. 712; 2023, cc. 387, 388.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}