{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/55.1-1910.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/55.1-1910.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/55.1-1910.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/55.1-1910.html"}],"law_id":85700,"edition_id":1,"section_id":85700,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1910","catch_line":"Execution of condominium instruments","history":"1974, c. 416, \u00a7 55-79.48; 1980, c. 702; 1984, c. 21; 1990, c. 831; 2019, c. 712.","full_text":"The declaration and bylaws, and any amendments to either made pursuant to \u00a7 55.1-1934, shall be duly executed by or on behalf of all of the owners and lessees of the submitted land. The phrase &#8220;owners and lessees&#8221; in this section and in \u00a7 55.1-1926 does not include, in their capacity as such, any mortgagee, any trustee or beneficiary under a deed of trust, any other lien holder, any person having an equitable interest under any contract for the sale or lease of a condominium unit, any lessee whose leasehold interest does not extend to any portion of the common elements, any person whose land is subject to an easement included in the condominium, or, in the case of a leasehold condominium subject to any lease executed before July 1, 1962, any lessor of the submitted land who is not a declarant.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":306977,"text":"The declaration and bylaws, and any amendments to either made pursuant to \u00a7 55.1-1934, shall be duly executed by or on behalf of all of the owners and lessees of the submitted land. The phrase &#8220;owners and lessees&#8221; in this section and in \u00a7 55.1-1926 does not include, in their capacity as such, any mortgagee, any trustee or beneficiary under a deed of trust, any other lien holder, any person having an equitable interest under any contract for the sale or lease of a condominium unit, any lessee whose leasehold interest does not extend to any portion of the common elements, any person whose land is subject to an easement included in the condominium, or, in the case of a leasehold condominium subject to any lease executed before July 1, 1962, any lessor of the submitted land who is not a declarant.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13019,"edition_id":1,"name":"Creation, Alteration, and Termination of Condominiums","identifier":"2","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13018,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:09","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:09","permalink":{"id":246655,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13019,"identifier":"2","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13018,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Condominium Act","identifier":"19","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12914,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:09","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:09","permalink":{"id":246623,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13018,"identifier":"19","token":"55.1\/IV\/19","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/19\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12914,"edition_id":1,"name":"Common Interest Communities","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12707,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","permalink":{"id":246473,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12914,"identifier":"IV","token":"55.1\/IV","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12707,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property and Conveyances","identifier":"55.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":244769,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12707,"identifier":"55.1","token":"55.1","url":"\/55.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":66133,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1907","catch_line":"How condominium may be created","url":"\/55.1-1907\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1907","metadata":false},{"id":60125,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1908","catch_line":"Release of liens","url":"\/55.1-1908\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1908","metadata":false},{"id":81423,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1909","catch_line":"Description of condominium units","url":"\/55.1-1909\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1909","metadata":false},{"id":85700,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1910","catch_line":"Execution of condominium instruments","url":"\/55.1-1910\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1910","metadata":false},{"id":67143,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1911","catch_line":"Recordation of condominium instruments","url":"\/55.1-1911\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1911","metadata":false},{"id":70994,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1912","catch_line":"Construction of condominium instruments","url":"\/55.1-1912\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1912","metadata":false},{"id":66094,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1913","catch_line":"Complementarity of condominium instruments; controlling construction","url":"\/55.1-1913\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1913","metadata":false},{"id":68301,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1914","catch_line":"Validity of condominium instruments; discrimination prohibited","url":"\/55.1-1914\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1914","metadata":false},{"id":74080,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1915","catch_line":"Compliance with condominium instruments","url":"\/55.1-1915\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1915","metadata":false},{"id":76179,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1916","catch_line":"Contents of declaration","url":"\/55.1-1916\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1916","metadata":false},{"id":69117,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1917","catch_line":"Allocation of interests in the common elements","url":"\/55.1-1917\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1917","metadata":false},{"id":74121,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1918","catch_line":"Reallocation of interests in common elements","url":"\/55.1-1918\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1918","metadata":false},{"id":71147,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1919","catch_line":"Assignments of limited common elements; conversion to common element","url":"\/55.1-1919\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1919","metadata":false},{"id":74270,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1920","catch_line":"Contents of plats and plans","url":"\/55.1-1920\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1920","metadata":false},{"id":62387,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1921","catch_line":"Bond to insure completion of improvements","url":"\/55.1-1921\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1921","metadata":false},{"id":70504,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1922","catch_line":"Preliminary recordation of plats and plans","url":"\/55.1-1922\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1922","metadata":false},{"id":77354,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1923","catch_line":"Easement for encroachments","url":"\/55.1-1923\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1923","metadata":false},{"id":55789,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1924","catch_line":"Conversion of convertible lands","url":"\/55.1-1924\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1924","metadata":false},{"id":69213,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1925","catch_line":"Conversion of convertible spaces","url":"\/55.1-1925\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1925","metadata":false},{"id":73518,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1926","catch_line":"Expansion of condominium","url":"\/55.1-1926\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1926","metadata":false},{"id":86008,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1927","catch_line":"Contraction of condominium","url":"\/55.1-1927\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1927","metadata":false},{"id":78900,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1928","catch_line":"Easement to facilitate conversion and expansion","url":"\/55.1-1928\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1928","metadata":false},{"id":84085,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1929","catch_line":"Easement to facilitate sales","url":"\/55.1-1929\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1929","metadata":false},{"id":54088,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1930","catch_line":"Declarant's obligation to complete and restore","url":"\/55.1-1930\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1930","metadata":false},{"id":82258,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1931","catch_line":"Alterations within units","url":"\/55.1-1931\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1931","metadata":false},{"id":54696,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1932","catch_line":"Relocation of boundaries between units","url":"\/55.1-1932\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1932","metadata":false},{"id":83554,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1933","catch_line":"Subdivision of units","url":"\/55.1-1933\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1933","metadata":false},{"id":86631,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1934","catch_line":"Amendment of condominium instruments","url":"\/55.1-1934\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1934","metadata":false},{"id":74600,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1935","catch_line":"Use of technology","url":"\/55.1-1935\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1935","metadata":false},{"id":64443,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1936","catch_line":"Merger or consolidation of condominiums; procedure","url":"\/55.1-1936\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1936","metadata":false},{"id":81982,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1937","catch_line":"Termination of condominium","url":"\/55.1-1937\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1937","metadata":false},{"id":82991,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1938","catch_line":"Rights of mortgagees","url":"\/55.1-1938\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1938","metadata":false},{"id":76819,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1939","catch_line":"Statement of unit owner rights","url":"\/55.1-1939\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1939","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":81423,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1909","catch_line":"Description of condominium units","url":"\/55.1-1909\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1909","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":67143,"structure_id":13019,"section_number":"55.1-1911","catch_line":"Recordation of condominium instruments","url":"\/55.1-1911\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1911","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/55.1-1910\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1974. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 416 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1974 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1980, chapter 702; in 1984, chapter 21; in 1990, chapter 831; in 2019, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?191+ful+CHAP0712\">712<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":84290,"section_number":"55.1-1943","catch_line":"Control of condominium by declarant","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1943\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":73518,"section_number":"55.1-1926","catch_line":"Expansion of condominium","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1926\/"},{"id":86631,"section_number":"55.1-1934","catch_line":"Amendment of condominium instruments","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1934\/"}],"permalink":{"id":246669,"object_type":"law","relational_id":85700,"identifier":"55.1-1910","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1910","url":"\/55.1-1910\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/55.1-1910\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/2\/55.1-1910","dublin_core":{"Title":"Execution of condominium instruments","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 55.1-1910","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The declaration and bylaws, and any amendments to either made pursuant to \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Amendment of condominium instruments\" href=\"\/55.1-1934\/\">55.1-1934<\/a>, shall be duly executed by or on behalf of all of the owners and lessees of the submitted <span class=\"dictionary\">land<\/span>. The phrase &#8220;owners and lessees&#8221; in this section and in \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Expansion of condominium\" href=\"\/55.1-1926\/\">55.1-1926<\/a> does not include, in their capacity as such, any mortgagee, any trustee or beneficiary under a deed of trust, any other <span class=\"dictionary\">lien<\/span> holder, any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> having an <span class=\"dictionary\">equitable<\/span> interest under any <span class=\"dictionary\">contract<\/span> for the sale or lease of a <span class=\"dictionary\">condominium unit<\/span>, any lessee whose leasehold interest does not extend to any portion of the <span class=\"dictionary\">common elements<\/span>, any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> whose <span class=\"dictionary\">land<\/span> is subject to an easement included in the condominium, or, in the case of a <span class=\"dictionary\">leasehold condominium<\/span> subject to any lease executed before July 1, 1962, any lessor of the submitted <span class=\"dictionary\">land<\/span> who is not a <span class=\"dictionary\">declarant<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEXECUTION OF CONDOMINIUM INSTRUMENTS (\u00a7 55.1-1910)\n\nThe declaration and bylaws, and any amendments to either made pursuant to \u00a7\n55.1-1934, shall be duly executed by or on behalf of all of the owners and\nlessees of the submitted land. The phrase &#8220;owners and lessees&#8221; in\nthis section and in \u00a7 55.1-1926 does not include, in their capacity as such,\nany mortgagee, any trustee or beneficiary under a deed of trust, any other lien\nholder, any person having an equitable interest under any contract for the sale\nor lease of a condominium unit, any lessee whose leasehold interest does not\nextend to any portion of the common elements, any person whose land is subject\nto an easement included in the condominium, or, in the case of a leasehold\ncondominium subject to any lease executed before July 1, 1962, any lessor of the\nsubmitted land who is not a declarant.\n\nHISTORY: 1974, c. 416, \u00a7 55-79.48; 1980, c. 702; 1984, c. 21; 1990, c. 831;\n2019, c. 712.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}