{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/55.1-1989.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/55.1-1989.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/55.1-1989.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/55.1-1989.html"}],"law_id":66151,"edition_id":1,"section_id":66151,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1989","catch_line":"Penalties","history":"1974, c. 416, \u00a7 55-79.103; 2019, c. 712.","full_text":"Any person who willfully violates any provision of \u00a7 55.1-1972, 55.1-1974, 55.1-1975, 55.1-1976, 55.1-1979, 55.1-1982, or 55.1-1983 or any regulation adopted under or order issued pursuant to \u00a7 55.1-1971, or any person who willfully in an application for registration makes any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact is guilty of a misdemeanor and may be fined not less than $1,000 or double the amount of gain from the transaction, whichever is the larger, but not more than $50,000, or he may be imprisoned for not more than six months, or both, for each offense.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":240294,"text":"Any person who willfully violates any provision of \u00a7 55.1-1972, 55.1-1974, 55.1-1975, 55.1-1976, 55.1-1979, 55.1-1982, or 55.1-1983 or any regulation adopted under or order issued pursuant to \u00a7 55.1-1971, or any person who willfully in an application for registration makes any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact is guilty of a misdemeanor and may be fined not less than $1,000 or double the amount of gain from the transaction, whichever is the larger, but not more than $50,000, or he may be imprisoned for not more than six months, or both, for each offense.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":15581,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administration of Chapter; Sale, Etc., of Condominium Units","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13018,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:56:32","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:56:32","permalink":{"id":246927,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15581,"identifier":"4","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13018,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Condominium Act","identifier":"19","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12914,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:09","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:09","permalink":{"id":246623,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13018,"identifier":"19","token":"55.1\/IV\/19","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/19\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12914,"edition_id":1,"name":"Common Interest Communities","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12707,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","permalink":{"id":246473,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12914,"identifier":"IV","token":"55.1\/IV","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12707,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property and Conveyances","identifier":"55.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":244769,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12707,"identifier":"55.1","token":"55.1","url":"\/55.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":68690,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1970","catch_line":"Common Interest Community Board","url":"\/55.1-1970\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1970","metadata":false},{"id":59771,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1971","catch_line":"General powers and duties of the Common Interest Community Board","url":"\/55.1-1971\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1971","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":75490,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1972","catch_line":"Exemptions from certain provisions of article","url":"\/55.1-1972\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1972","metadata":false},{"id":61023,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1973","catch_line":"Rental of units","url":"\/55.1-1973\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1973","metadata":false},{"id":68890,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1974","catch_line":"Limitations on dispositions of units","url":"\/55.1-1974\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1974","metadata":false},{"id":61758,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1975","catch_line":"Application for registration; fee","url":"\/55.1-1975\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1975","metadata":false},{"id":85082,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1976","catch_line":"Public offering statement; condominium securities","url":"\/55.1-1976\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1976","metadata":false},{"id":82046,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1977","catch_line":"Inquiry and examination","url":"\/55.1-1977\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1977","metadata":false},{"id":75453,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1978","catch_line":"Notice of filing and registration","url":"\/55.1-1978\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1978","metadata":false},{"id":65140,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1979","catch_line":"Annual report by declarant","url":"\/55.1-1979\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1979","metadata":false},{"id":61172,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1980","catch_line":"Annual report by unit owners' association","url":"\/55.1-1980\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1980","metadata":false},{"id":73657,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1981","catch_line":"Termination of registration","url":"\/55.1-1981\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1981","metadata":false},{"id":64581,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1982","catch_line":"Conversion condominiums; special provisions","url":"\/55.1-1982\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1982","metadata":false},{"id":59449,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1983","catch_line":"Escrow of deposits","url":"\/55.1-1983\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1983","metadata":false},{"id":72592,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1984","catch_line":"Declarant to deliver declaration to purchaser","url":"\/55.1-1984\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1984","metadata":false},{"id":66724,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1985","catch_line":"Investigations and proceedings","url":"\/55.1-1985\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1985","metadata":false},{"id":63733,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1986","catch_line":"Cease and desist orders","url":"\/55.1-1986\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1986","metadata":false},{"id":78872,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1987","catch_line":"Revocation of registration","url":"\/55.1-1987\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1987","metadata":false},{"id":86244,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1988","catch_line":"Judicial review","url":"\/55.1-1988\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1988","metadata":false},{"id":66151,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1989","catch_line":"Penalties","url":"\/55.1-1989\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1989","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":86244,"structure_id":15581,"section_number":"55.1-1988","catch_line":"Judicial review","url":"\/55.1-1988\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1988","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/55.1-1989\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1974. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 416 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1974 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2019, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?191+ful+CHAP0712\">712<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":71434,"section_number":"19.2-8","catch_line":"Limitation of prosecutions","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-8\/"},{"id":76143,"section_number":"55.1-1901","catch_line":"Application and construction of chapter","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1901\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":59771,"section_number":"55.1-1971","catch_line":"General powers and duties of the Common Interest Community Board","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1971\/"},{"id":75490,"section_number":"55.1-1972","catch_line":"Exemptions from certain provisions of article","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1972\/"},{"id":68890,"section_number":"55.1-1974","catch_line":"Limitations on dispositions of units","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1974\/"},{"id":61758,"section_number":"55.1-1975","catch_line":"Application for registration; fee","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1975\/"},{"id":85082,"section_number":"55.1-1976","catch_line":"Public offering statement; condominium securities","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1976\/"},{"id":65140,"section_number":"55.1-1979","catch_line":"Annual report by declarant","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1979\/"},{"id":64581,"section_number":"55.1-1982","catch_line":"Conversion condominiums; special provisions","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1982\/"},{"id":59449,"section_number":"55.1-1983","catch_line":"Escrow of deposits","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-1983\/"}],"permalink":{"id":247005,"object_type":"law","relational_id":66151,"identifier":"55.1-1989","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1989","url":"\/55.1-1989\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/55.1-1989\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/19\/4\/55.1-1989","dublin_core":{"Title":"Penalties","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 55.1-1989","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> who willfully violates any provision of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Exemptions from certain provisions of article\" href=\"\/55.1-1972\/\">55.1-1972<\/a>, <a class=\"law\" title=\"Limitations on dispositions of units\" href=\"\/55.1-1974\/\">55.1-1974<\/a>, <a class=\"law\" title=\"Application for registration; fee\" href=\"\/55.1-1975\/\">55.1-1975<\/a>, <a class=\"law\" title=\"Public offering statement; condominium securities\" href=\"\/55.1-1976\/\">55.1-1976<\/a>, <a class=\"law\" title=\"Annual report by declarant\" href=\"\/55.1-1979\/\">55.1-1979<\/a>, <a class=\"law\" title=\"Conversion condominiums; special provisions\" href=\"\/55.1-1982\/\">55.1-1982<\/a>, or <a class=\"law\" title=\"Escrow of deposits\" href=\"\/55.1-1983\/\">55.1-1983<\/a> or any regulation adopted under or <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> issued pursuant to \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"General powers and duties of the Common Interest Community Board\" href=\"\/55.1-1971\/\">55.1-1971<\/a>, or any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> who willfully in an application for registration makes any untrue statement of a <span class=\"dictionary\">material<\/span> <span class=\"dictionary\">fact<\/span> or omits to state a <span class=\"dictionary\">material<\/span> <span class=\"dictionary\">fact<\/span> is guilty of a <span class=\"dictionary\">misdemeanor<\/span> and may be fined not less than $1,000 or double the amount of gain from the transaction, whichever is the larger, but not more than $50,000, or he may be imprisoned for not more than six months, or both, for each <span class=\"dictionary\">offense<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPENALTIES (\u00a7 55.1-1989)\n\nAny person who willfully violates any provision of \u00a7 55.1-1972, 55.1-1974,\n55.1-1975, 55.1-1976, 55.1-1979, 55.1-1982, or 55.1-1983 or any regulation\nadopted under or order issued pursuant to \u00a7 55.1-1971, or any person who\nwillfully in an application for registration makes any untrue statement of a\nmaterial fact or omits to state a material fact is guilty of a misdemeanor and\nmay be fined not less than $1,000 or double the amount of gain from the\ntransaction, whichever is the larger, but not more than $50,000, or he may be\nimprisoned for not more than six months, or both, for each offense.\n\nHISTORY: 1974, c. 416, \u00a7 55-79.103; 2019, c. 712.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}