{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/55.1-2133.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/55.1-2133.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/55.1-2133.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/55.1-2133.html"}],"law_id":74016,"edition_id":1,"section_id":74016,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2133","catch_line":"Powers of the association","history":"1982, c. 277, \u00a7 55-459; 2019, c. 712; 2023, cc. 387, 388.","full_text":"A\n\nExcept as provided in subsection B, and subject to the provisions of the declaration, the association, even if unincorporated, may:1\n\nAdopt and amend bylaws and rules and regulations;2\n\nAdopt and amend budgets for revenues, expenditures, and reserves and collect assessments for common expenses from proprietary lessees;3\n\nHire and discharge managing agents and other employees, agents, and independent contractors;4\n\nInstitute, defend, or intervene in litigation or administrative proceedings in its own name on behalf of itself or two or more proprietary lessees on matters affecting the cooperative;5\n\nMake contracts and incur liabilities;6\n\nRegulate the use, maintenance, repair, replacement, and modification of common elements;7\n\nCause additional improvements to be made as a part of the common elements;8\n\nAcquire, hold, encumber, and convey in its own name any right, title, or interest to real or personal property, but part of the cooperative may be conveyed, or all or part of the cooperative may be subjected to, a security interest only pursuant to &#xA7; 55.1-2144;9\n\nGrant easements, leases, licenses, and concessions through or over the common elements;10\n\nImpose and receive any payments, fees, or charges for the use, rental, or operation of the common elements, other than limited common elements described in subdivisions 2 and 4 of &#xA7; 55.1-2113, and for services provided to proprietary lessees;11\n\nImpose charges for late payment of assessments and, after notice and an opportunity to be heard, levy fines not to exceed $50 for each instance for violations of the declaration, bylaws, and rules and regulations of the association;12\n\nImpose reasonable charges for the preparation and recordation of amendments to the declaration, resale certificates required by &#xA7; 55.1-2309, or statements of unpaid assessments;13\n\nProvide for the indemnification of its officers and executive board and maintain directors&#8217; and officers&#8217; liability insurance;14\n\nAssign its right to future income, including the right to receive common expense assessments, but only to the extent the declaration expressly so provides;15\n\nExercise any other powers conferred by the declaration or bylaws;16\n\nExercise all other powers that may be exercised in the Commonwealth by legal entities of the same type as the association; and17\n\nExercise any other powers necessary and proper for the governance and operation of the association.B\n\nThe declaration shall not impose limitations on the power of the association to deal with the declarant that are more restrictive than the limitations imposed on the power of the association to deal with other persons.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":266236,"text":"Except as provided in subsection B, and subject to the provisions of the declaration, the association, even if unincorporated, may:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":266237,"text":"Adopt and amend bylaws and rules and regulations;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":266238,"text":"Adopt and amend budgets for revenues, expenditures, and reserves and collect assessments for common expenses from proprietary lessees;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"A3"},"3":{"id":266239,"text":"Hire and discharge managing agents and other employees, agents, and independent contractors;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"A3","prefix_anchor":"A3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"A4"},"4":{"id":266240,"text":"Institute, defend, or intervene in litigation or administrative proceedings in its own name on behalf of itself or two or more proprietary lessees on matters affecting the cooperative;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"A4","prefix_anchor":"A4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A3","next_prefix":"A5"},"5":{"id":266241,"text":"Make contracts and incur liabilities;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"A5","prefix_anchor":"A5","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A4","next_prefix":"A6"},"6":{"id":266242,"text":"Regulate the use, maintenance, repair, replacement, and modification of common elements;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"A6","prefix_anchor":"A6","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A5","next_prefix":"A7"},"7":{"id":266243,"text":"Cause additional improvements to be made as a part of the common elements;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"A7","prefix_anchor":"A7","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A6","next_prefix":"A8"},"8":{"id":266244,"text":"Acquire, hold, encumber, and convey in its own name any right, title, or interest to real or personal property, but part of the cooperative may be conveyed, or all or part of the cooperative may be subjected to, a security interest only pursuant to &#xA7; 55.1-2144;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"A8","prefix_anchor":"A8","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A7","next_prefix":"A9"},"9":{"id":266245,"text":"Grant easements, leases, licenses, and concessions through or over the common elements;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","9"],"prefix":"9","entire_prefix":"A9","prefix_anchor":"A9","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A8","next_prefix":"A10"},"10":{"id":266246,"text":"Impose and receive any payments, fees, or charges for the use, rental, or operation of the common elements, other than limited common elements described in subdivisions 2 and 4 of &#xA7; 55.1-2113, and for services provided to proprietary lessees;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","10"],"prefix":"10","entire_prefix":"A10","prefix_anchor":"A10","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A9","next_prefix":"A11"},"11":{"id":266247,"text":"Impose charges for late payment of assessments and, after notice and an opportunity to be heard, levy fines not to exceed $50 for each instance for violations of the declaration, bylaws, and rules and regulations of the association;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","11"],"prefix":"11","entire_prefix":"A11","prefix_anchor":"A11","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A10","next_prefix":"A12"},"12":{"id":266248,"text":"Impose reasonable charges for the preparation and recordation of amendments to the declaration, resale certificates required by &#xA7; 55.1-2309, or statements of unpaid assessments;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","12"],"prefix":"12","entire_prefix":"A12","prefix_anchor":"A12","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A11","next_prefix":"A13"},"13":{"id":266249,"text":"Provide for the indemnification of its officers and executive board and maintain directors&#8217; and officers&#8217; liability insurance;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","13"],"prefix":"13","entire_prefix":"A13","prefix_anchor":"A13","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A12","next_prefix":"A14"},"14":{"id":266250,"text":"Assign its right to future income, including the right to receive common expense assessments, but only to the extent the declaration expressly so provides;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","14"],"prefix":"14","entire_prefix":"A14","prefix_anchor":"A14","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A13","next_prefix":"A15"},"15":{"id":266251,"text":"Exercise any other powers conferred by the declaration or bylaws;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","15"],"prefix":"15","entire_prefix":"A15","prefix_anchor":"A15","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A14","next_prefix":"A16"},"16":{"id":266252,"text":"Exercise all other powers that may be exercised in the Commonwealth by legal entities of the same type as the association; and","type":"section","prefixes":["A","16"],"prefix":"16","entire_prefix":"A16","prefix_anchor":"A16","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A15","next_prefix":"A17"},"17":{"id":266253,"text":"Exercise any other powers necessary and proper for the governance and operation of the association.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","17"],"prefix":"17","entire_prefix":"A17","prefix_anchor":"A17","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A16","next_prefix":"B"},"18":{"id":266254,"text":"The declaration shall not impose limitations on the power of the association to deal with the declarant that are more restrictive than the limitations imposed on the power of the association to deal with other persons.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A17"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15093,"edition_id":1,"name":"Management of Cooperatives","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13509,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:52:06","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:52:06","permalink":{"id":247243,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15093,"identifier":"3","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13509,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Real Estate Cooperative Act","identifier":"21","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12914,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:06","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:06","permalink":{"id":247109,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13509,"identifier":"21","token":"55.1\/IV\/21","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/21\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12914,"edition_id":1,"name":"Common Interest Communities","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12707,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","permalink":{"id":246473,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12914,"identifier":"IV","token":"55.1\/IV","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12707,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property and Conveyances","identifier":"55.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":244769,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12707,"identifier":"55.1","token":"55.1","url":"\/55.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":79353,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2132","catch_line":"Organization of the association","url":"\/55.1-2132\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2132","metadata":false},{"id":74016,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2133","catch_line":"Powers of the association","url":"\/55.1-2133\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2133","metadata":false},{"id":74697,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2133.1","catch_line":"Installation of solar energy collection devices","url":"\/55.1-2133.1\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2133.1","metadata":false},{"id":58879,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2134","catch_line":"Executive board members and officers","url":"\/55.1-2134\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2134","metadata":false},{"id":74321,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2135","catch_line":"Transfer of special declarant rights","url":"\/55.1-2135\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2135","metadata":false},{"id":86214,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2136","catch_line":"Termination of contracts and leases of declarant","url":"\/55.1-2136\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2136","metadata":false},{"id":57517,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2137","catch_line":"Bylaws","url":"\/55.1-2137\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2137","metadata":false},{"id":74592,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2138","catch_line":"Upkeep of cooperative","url":"\/55.1-2138\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2138","metadata":false},{"id":80840,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2139","catch_line":"Common elements; notice of pesticide application","url":"\/55.1-2139\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2139","metadata":false},{"id":75581,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2139.1","catch_line":"Electric vehicle charging stations permitted","url":"\/55.1-2139.1\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2139.1","metadata":false},{"id":71613,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2140","catch_line":"Meetings","url":"\/55.1-2140\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2140","metadata":false},{"id":75116,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2141","catch_line":"Quorums","url":"\/55.1-2141\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2141","metadata":false},{"id":68455,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2142","catch_line":"Voting; proxies","url":"\/55.1-2142\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2142","metadata":false},{"id":63917,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2143","catch_line":"Tort and contract liability","url":"\/55.1-2143\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2143","metadata":false},{"id":83581,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2144","catch_line":"Conveyance or encumbrance of the cooperative","url":"\/55.1-2144\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2144","metadata":false},{"id":80965,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2145","catch_line":"Insurance","url":"\/55.1-2145\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2145","metadata":false},{"id":86773,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2146","catch_line":"Assessments for common expenses","url":"\/55.1-2146\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2146","metadata":false},{"id":64409,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2147","catch_line":"Annual budget; reserves for capital components","url":"\/55.1-2147\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2147","metadata":false},{"id":60916,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2148","catch_line":"Remedies for nonpayment of assessments; lien; foreclosure","url":"\/55.1-2148\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2148","metadata":false},{"id":83139,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2149","catch_line":"Other liens affecting the cooperative","url":"\/55.1-2149\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2149","metadata":false},{"id":78680,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2150","catch_line":"Limitation of assumption of debt and encumbrances","url":"\/55.1-2150\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2150","metadata":false},{"id":61430,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2151","catch_line":"Association records","url":"\/55.1-2151\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2151","metadata":false},{"id":74718,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2152","catch_line":"Association as trustee","url":"\/55.1-2152\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2152","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":79353,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2132","catch_line":"Organization of the association","url":"\/55.1-2132\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2132","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":74697,"structure_id":15093,"section_number":"55.1-2133.1","catch_line":"Installation of solar energy collection devices","url":"\/55.1-2133.1\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2133.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/55.1-2133\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1982. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 277 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1982 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2019, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?191+ful+CHAP0712\">712<\/a>; in 2023, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?231+ful+CHAP0387\">387<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?231+ful+CHAP0388\">388<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":80253,"section_number":"55.1-2101","catch_line":"Applicability","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2101\/"},{"id":58552,"section_number":"55.1-2130","catch_line":"Master associations","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2130\/"},{"id":60916,"section_number":"55.1-2148","catch_line":"Remedies for nonpayment of assessments; lien; foreclosure","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2148\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":82447,"section_number":"55.1-2113","catch_line":"Unit boundaries","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2113\/"},{"id":83581,"section_number":"55.1-2144","catch_line":"Conveyance or encumbrance of the cooperative","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2144\/"},{"id":70933,"section_number":"55.1-2309","catch_line":"Resale certificate; delivery","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2309\/"}],"permalink":{"id":247249,"object_type":"law","relational_id":74016,"identifier":"55.1-2133","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2133","url":"\/55.1-2133\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/55.1-2133\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/3\/55.1-2133","dublin_core":{"Title":"Powers of the association","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 55.1-2133","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Except as provided in subsection B, and subject to the provisions of the <span class=\"dictionary\">declaration<\/span>, the <span class=\"dictionary\">association<\/span>, even if unincorporated, may: <a id=\"paragraph-266236\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A1\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">1.<\/span> Adopt and <span class=\"dictionary\">amend<\/span> bylaws and rules and regulations; <a id=\"paragraph-266237\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A1\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A2\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">2.<\/span> Adopt and <span class=\"dictionary\">amend<\/span> budgets for revenues, expenditures, and reserves and collect assessments for <span class=\"dictionary\">common expenses<\/span> from <span class=\"dictionary\">proprietary lessees<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-266238\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A2\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A3\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">3.<\/span> Hire and discharge managing agents and other employees, agents, and independent contractors; <a id=\"paragraph-266239\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A3\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A4\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">4.<\/span> Institute, defend, or intervene in <span class=\"dictionary\">litigation<\/span> or administrative proceedings in its own name on behalf of itself or two or more <span class=\"dictionary\">proprietary lessees<\/span> on matters affecting the <span class=\"dictionary\">cooperative<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-266240\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A4\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A5\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">5.<\/span> Make <span class=\"dictionary\">contracts<\/span> and incur liabilities; <a id=\"paragraph-266241\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A5\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A6\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">6.<\/span> Regulate the use, maintenance, repair, replacement, and modification of <span class=\"dictionary\">common elements<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-266242\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A6\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A7\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">7.<\/span> Cause additional improvements to be made as a part of the <span class=\"dictionary\">common elements<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-266243\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A7\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A8\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">8.<\/span> Acquire, hold, encumber, and convey in its own name any right, title, or interest to real or personal property, but part of the <span class=\"dictionary\">cooperative<\/span> may be conveyed, or all or part of the <span class=\"dictionary\">cooperative<\/span> may be subjected to, a <span class=\"dictionary\">security interest<\/span> only pursuant to &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Conveyance or encumbrance of the cooperative\" href=\"\/55.1-2144\/\">55.1-2144<\/a>; <a id=\"paragraph-266244\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A8\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A9\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">9.<\/span> Grant easements, leases, licenses, and concessions through or over the <span class=\"dictionary\">common elements<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-266245\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A9\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A10\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">10.<\/span> Impose and receive any payments, fees, or charges for the use, rental, or operation of the common elements, other than <span class=\"dictionary\">limited common elements<\/span> described in subdivisions 2 and 4 of &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Unit boundaries\" href=\"\/55.1-2113\/\">55.1-2113<\/a>, and for services provided to <span class=\"dictionary\">proprietary lessees<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-266246\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A10\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A11\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">11.<\/span> Impose charges for late payment of assessments and, after notice and an opportunity to be heard, <span class=\"dictionary\">levy<\/span> fines not to exceed $50 for each instance for violations of the <span class=\"dictionary\">declaration<\/span>, bylaws, and rules and regulations of the <span class=\"dictionary\">association<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-266247\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A11\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A12\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">12.<\/span> Impose reasonable charges for the preparation and recordation of amendments to the <span class=\"dictionary\">declaration<\/span>, resale certificates required by &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Resale certificate; delivery\" href=\"\/55.1-2309\/\">55.1-2309<\/a>, or statements of unpaid assessments; <a id=\"paragraph-266248\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A12\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A13\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">13.<\/span> Provide for the indemnification of its officers and <span class=\"dictionary\">executive board<\/span> and maintain directors&#8217; and officers&#8217; liability insurance; <a id=\"paragraph-266249\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A13\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A14\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">14.<\/span> Assign its right to future income, including the right to receive common expense assessments, but only to the extent the <span class=\"dictionary\">declaration<\/span> expressly so provides; <a id=\"paragraph-266250\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A14\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A15\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">15.<\/span> Exercise any other powers conferred by the <span class=\"dictionary\">declaration<\/span> or bylaws; <a id=\"paragraph-266251\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A15\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A16\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">16.<\/span> Exercise all other powers that may be exercised in the Commonwealth by legal entities of the same type as the <span class=\"dictionary\">association<\/span>; and <a id=\"paragraph-266252\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A16\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A17\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">17.<\/span> Exercise any other powers necessary and proper for the governance and operation of the <span class=\"dictionary\">association<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-266253\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#A17\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> The <span class=\"dictionary\">declaration<\/span> shall not impose limitations on the power of the <span class=\"dictionary\">association<\/span> to deal with the <span class=\"dictionary\">declarant<\/span> that are more restrictive than the limitations imposed on the power of the <span class=\"dictionary\">association<\/span> to deal with other <span class=\"dictionary\">persons<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-266254\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2133\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPOWERS OF THE ASSOCIATION (\u00a7 55.1-2133)\n\nA. Except as provided in subsection B, and subject to the provisions of the\ndeclaration, the association, even if unincorporated, may:\n\n   1. Adopt and amend bylaws and rules and regulations;\n\n   2. Adopt and amend budgets for revenues, expenditures, and reserves and\n   collect assessments for common expenses from proprietary lessees;\n\n   3. Hire and discharge managing agents and other employees, agents, and\n   independent contractors;\n\n   4. Institute, defend, or intervene in litigation or administrative proceedings\n   in its own name on behalf of itself or two or more proprietary lessees on\n   matters affecting the cooperative;\n\n   5. Make contracts and incur liabilities;\n\n   6. Regulate the use, maintenance, repair, replacement, and modification of\n   common elements;\n\n   7. Cause additional improvements to be made as a part of the common elements;\n\n   8. Acquire, hold, encumber, and convey in its own name any right, title, or\n   interest to real or personal property, but part of the cooperative may be\n   conveyed, or all or part of the cooperative may be subjected to, a security\n   interest only pursuant to &#xA7; 55.1-2144;\n\n   9. Grant easements, leases, licenses, and concessions through or over the\n   common elements;\n\n   10. Impose and receive any payments, fees, or charges for the use, rental, or\n   operation of the common elements, other than limited common elements described\n   in subdivisions 2 and 4 of &#xA7; 55.1-2113, and for services provided to\n   proprietary lessees;\n\n   11. Impose charges for late payment of assessments and, after notice and an\n   opportunity to be heard, levy fines not to exceed $50 for each instance for\n   violations of the declaration, bylaws, and rules and regulations of the\n   association;\n\n   12. Impose reasonable charges for the preparation and recordation of\n   amendments to the declaration, resale certificates required by &#xA7;\n   55.1-2309, or statements of unpaid assessments;\n\n   13. Provide for the indemnification of its officers and executive board and\n   maintain directors&#8217; and officers&#8217; liability insurance;\n\n   14. Assign its right to future income, including the right to receive common\n   expense assessments, but only to the extent the declaration expressly so\n   provides;\n\n   15. Exercise any other powers conferred by the declaration or bylaws;\n\n   16. Exercise all other powers that may be exercised in the Commonwealth by\n   legal entities of the same type as the association; and\n\n   17. Exercise any other powers necessary and proper for the governance and\n   operation of the association.\n\nB. The declaration shall not impose limitations on the power of the association\nto deal with the declarant that are more restrictive than the limitations\nimposed on the power of the association to deal with other persons.\n\nHISTORY: 1982, c. 277, \u00a7 55-459; 2019, c. 712; 2023, cc. 387, 388.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}