{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/55.1-2169.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/55.1-2169.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/55.1-2169.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/55.1-2169.html"}],"law_id":82381,"edition_id":1,"section_id":82381,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2169","catch_line":"Effect of violation on rights of action; attorney fees; arbitration of disputes","history":"1982, c. 277, \u00a7 55-492; 1993, c. 849; 2019, c. 712.","full_text":"A\n\nIf a declarant or any other person subject to this chapter fails to comply with any provision of this chapter or any provision of the declaration or bylaws, any person or class of persons adversely affected by the failure to comply has a claim for appropriate relief. Punitive damages may be awarded for a willful failure to comply with this chapter. The court, in an appropriate case, may award reasonable attorney fees.B\n\nA declaration may provide for the arbitration of disputes or other means of alternative dispute resolution. Any such arbitration held in accordance with this subsection shall be consistent with the provisions of this chapter and Chapter 21 (&#xA7; 8.01-577 et seq.) of Title 8.01. The place of any such arbitration or alternative dispute resolution shall be held in the county or city in which the development is located or as mutually agreed by the parties.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":295147,"text":"If a declarant or any other person subject to this chapter fails to comply with any provision of this chapter or any provision of the declaration or bylaws, any person or class of persons adversely affected by the failure to comply has a claim for appropriate relief. Punitive damages may be awarded for a willful failure to comply with this chapter. The court, in an appropriate case, may award reasonable attorney fees.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":295148,"text":"A declaration may provide for the arbitration of disputes or other means of alternative dispute resolution. Any such arbitration held in accordance with this subsection shall be consistent with the provisions of this chapter and Chapter 21 (&#xA7; 8.01-577 et seq.) of Title 8.01. The place of any such arbitration or alternative dispute resolution shall be held in the county or city in which the development is located or as mutually agreed by the parties.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14195,"edition_id":1,"name":"Protection of Cooperative Purchasers","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13509,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:14","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:14","permalink":{"id":247337,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14195,"identifier":"4","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13509,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Real Estate Cooperative Act","identifier":"21","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12914,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:06","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:06","permalink":{"id":247109,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13509,"identifier":"21","token":"55.1\/IV\/21","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/21\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12914,"edition_id":1,"name":"Common Interest Communities","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12707,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","permalink":{"id":246473,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12914,"identifier":"IV","token":"55.1\/IV","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12707,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property and Conveyances","identifier":"55.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":244769,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12707,"identifier":"55.1","token":"55.1","url":"\/55.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":69207,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2153","catch_line":"Applicability; waiver","url":"\/55.1-2153\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2153","metadata":false},{"id":80903,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2154","catch_line":"Liability for public offering statement; requirements","url":"\/55.1-2154\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2154","metadata":false},{"id":57013,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2155","catch_line":"Public offering statement; general provisions","url":"\/55.1-2155\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2155","metadata":false},{"id":68806,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2156","catch_line":"Public offering statement; cooperatives subject to development rights","url":"\/55.1-2156\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2156","metadata":false},{"id":71522,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2157","catch_line":"Public offering statement; time-shares","url":"\/55.1-2157\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2157","metadata":false},{"id":74617,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2158","catch_line":"Public offering statement; cooperatives containing conversion building","url":"\/55.1-2158\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2158","metadata":false},{"id":84882,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2159","catch_line":"Public offering statement; cooperative securities","url":"\/55.1-2159\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2159","metadata":false},{"id":66392,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2160","catch_line":"Purchaser's right to cancel","url":"\/55.1-2160\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2160","metadata":false},{"id":56734,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2161","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/55.1-2161\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2161","metadata":false},{"id":66987,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2162","catch_line":"Escrow of deposits","url":"\/55.1-2162\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2162","metadata":false},{"id":69847,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2163","catch_line":"Release of liens","url":"\/55.1-2163\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2163","metadata":false},{"id":71295,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2164","catch_line":"Conversion buildings","url":"\/55.1-2164\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2164","metadata":false},{"id":84401,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2165","catch_line":"Express warranties of quality","url":"\/55.1-2165\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2165","metadata":false},{"id":85949,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2166","catch_line":"Implied warranties of quality","url":"\/55.1-2166\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2166","metadata":false},{"id":68678,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2167","catch_line":"Exclusion or modification of implied warranties of quality","url":"\/55.1-2167\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2167","metadata":false},{"id":62130,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2168","catch_line":"Statute of limitations for warranties","url":"\/55.1-2168\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2168","metadata":false},{"id":82381,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2169","catch_line":"Effect of violation on rights of action; attorney fees; arbitration of disputes","url":"\/55.1-2169\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2169","metadata":false},{"id":81822,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2170","catch_line":"Labeling of promotional material","url":"\/55.1-2170\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2170","metadata":false},{"id":55380,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2171","catch_line":"Declarant's obligation to complete and restore","url":"\/55.1-2171\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2171","metadata":false},{"id":64364,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2172","catch_line":"Substantial completion of units","url":"\/55.1-2172\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2172","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":62130,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2168","catch_line":"Statute of limitations for warranties","url":"\/55.1-2168\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2168","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":81822,"structure_id":14195,"section_number":"55.1-2170","catch_line":"Labeling of promotional material","url":"\/55.1-2170\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2170","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/55.1-2169\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1982. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 277 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1982 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1993, chapter 849; in 2019, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?191+ful+CHAP0712\">712<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":80253,"section_number":"55.1-2101","catch_line":"Applicability","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2101\/"},{"id":57517,"section_number":"55.1-2137","catch_line":"Bylaws","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2137\/"},{"id":80903,"section_number":"55.1-2154","catch_line":"Liability for public offering statement; requirements","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2154\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":80815,"section_number":"8.01-577","catch_line":"Submission of controversy; agreement to arbitrate; condition precedent to action","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-577\/"}],"permalink":{"id":247403,"object_type":"law","relational_id":82381,"identifier":"55.1-2169","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2169","url":"\/55.1-2169\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/55.1-2169\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/21\/4\/55.1-2169","dublin_core":{"Title":"Effect of violation on rights of action; attorney fees; arbitration of disputes","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 55.1-2169","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> If a <span class=\"dictionary\">declarant<\/span> or any other <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> subject to this chapter fails to comply with any provision of this chapter or any provision of the <span class=\"dictionary\">declaration<\/span> or bylaws, any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> or class of <span class=\"dictionary\">persons<\/span> adversely affected by the failure to comply has a claim for appropriate relief. Punitive <span class=\"dictionary\">damages<\/span> may be awarded for a willful failure to comply with this chapter. The <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span>, in an appropriate case, may award reasonable attorney fees. <a id=\"paragraph-295147\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2169\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> A <span class=\"dictionary\">declaration<\/span> may provide for the arbitration of disputes or other means of <span class=\"dictionary\">alternative dispute resolution<\/span>. Any such arbitration held in accordance with this subsection shall be consistent with the provisions of this chapter and Chapter 21 (&#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Submission of controversy; agreement to arbitrate; condition precedent to action\" href=\"\/8.01-577\/\">8.01-577<\/a> et seq.) of Title 8.01. The place of any such arbitration or <span class=\"dictionary\">alternative dispute resolution<\/span> shall be held in the county or city in which the development is located or as mutually agreed by the parties. <a id=\"paragraph-295148\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/55.1-2169\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEFFECT OF VIOLATION ON RIGHTS OF ACTION; ATTORNEY FEES; ARBITRATION OF DISPUTES\n(\u00a7 55.1-2169)\n\nA. If a declarant or any other person subject to this chapter fails to comply\nwith any provision of this chapter or any provision of the declaration or\nbylaws, any person or class of persons adversely affected by the failure to\ncomply has a claim for appropriate relief. Punitive damages may be awarded for a\nwillful failure to comply with this chapter. The court, in an appropriate case,\nmay award reasonable attorney fees.\n\nB. A declaration may provide for the arbitration of disputes or other means of\nalternative dispute resolution. Any such arbitration held in accordance with\nthis subsection shall be consistent with the provisions of this chapter and\nChapter 21 (&#xA7; 8.01-577 et seq.) of Title 8.01. The place of any such\narbitration or alternative dispute resolution shall be held in the county or\ncity in which the development is located or as mutually agreed by the parties.\n\nHISTORY: 1982, c. 277, \u00a7 55-492; 1993, c. 849; 2019, c. 712.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}