{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/55.1-2232.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/55.1-2232.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/55.1-2232.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/55.1-2232.html"}],"law_id":75281,"edition_id":1,"section_id":75281,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2232","catch_line":"Class actions","history":"1981, c. 462, \u00a7 55-384; 1989, c. 637; 2019, c. 712.","full_text":"A\n\nNo time-share owner can bring an action on behalf of other time-share owners unless he has received the written authorization to represent all other time-share owners within the project.B\n\nNotwithstanding the provisions of subsection A, the association may bring an action on behalf of the time-share owners with the authorization of the time-share owners within the project upon the two-thirds majority vote of the board of directors, if such action is found to be in the best interest of the association.C\n\nFor purposes of this section, the developer shall not be deemed a time-share owner and his written permission shall not be required.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":270330,"text":"No time-share owner can bring an action on behalf of other time-share owners unless he has received the written authorization to represent all other time-share owners within the project.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":270331,"text":"Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A, the association may bring an action on behalf of the time-share owners with the authorization of the time-share owners within the project upon the two-thirds majority vote of the board of directors, if such action is found to be in the best interest of the association.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":270332,"text":"For purposes of this section, the developer shall not be deemed a time-share owner and his written permission shall not be required.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14946,"edition_id":1,"name":"Protection of Purchasers","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13543,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:50:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:50:59","permalink":{"id":247543,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14946,"identifier":"3","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13543,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Real Estate Time-Share Act","identifier":"22","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12914,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:10","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:10","permalink":{"id":247469,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13543,"identifier":"22","token":"55.1\/IV\/22","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/22\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12914,"edition_id":1,"name":"Common Interest Communities","identifier":"IV","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12707,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:01","permalink":{"id":246473,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12914,"identifier":"IV","token":"55.1\/IV","url":"\/55.1\/IV\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12707,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property and Conveyances","identifier":"55.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":244769,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12707,"identifier":"55.1","token":"55.1","url":"\/55.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":64589,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2217","catch_line":"Public offering statement","url":"\/55.1-2217\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2217","metadata":false},{"id":70516,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2218","catch_line":"Certain advertising practices regulated","url":"\/55.1-2218\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2218","metadata":false},{"id":82622,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2219","catch_line":"Exchange programs","url":"\/55.1-2219\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2219","metadata":false},{"id":65782,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2220","catch_line":"Escrow of deposits; use of corporate surety bond or irrevocable letter of credit","url":"\/55.1-2220\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2220","metadata":false},{"id":57032,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2221","catch_line":"Purchaser's rights of cancellation","url":"\/55.1-2221\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2221","metadata":false},{"id":58820,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2222","catch_line":"Possibility of reverter","url":"\/55.1-2222\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2222","metadata":false},{"id":64333,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2223","catch_line":"Recording and delivery of deed","url":"\/55.1-2223\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2223","metadata":false},{"id":57283,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2224","catch_line":"Liability limited; liability actions prohibited","url":"\/55.1-2224\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2224","metadata":false},{"id":67991,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2225","catch_line":"Warning required","url":"\/55.1-2225\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2225","metadata":false},{"id":70835,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2226","catch_line":"Buyer's Acknowledgment","url":"\/55.1-2226\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2226","metadata":false},{"id":80782,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2227","catch_line":"Resale of time-shares","url":"\/55.1-2227\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2227","metadata":false},{"id":81261,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2228","catch_line":"Required resale disclosures","url":"\/55.1-2228\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2228","metadata":false},{"id":60659,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2229","catch_line":"Liens","url":"\/55.1-2229\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2229","metadata":false},{"id":80677,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2230","catch_line":"Effect of violations on rights of action; attorney fees; prior determination of Common Interest Community Board required for certain violations","url":"\/55.1-2230\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2230","metadata":false},{"id":85586,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2231","catch_line":"Statute of limitations; actions; limitation on rescission rights","url":"\/55.1-2231\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2231","metadata":false},{"id":75281,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2232","catch_line":"Class actions","url":"\/55.1-2232\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2232","metadata":false},{"id":62762,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2233","catch_line":"Financial records","url":"\/55.1-2233\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2233","metadata":false},{"id":64251,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2234","catch_line":"Developer's obligation to complete","url":"\/55.1-2234\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2234","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":85586,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2231","catch_line":"Statute of limitations; actions; limitation on rescission rights","url":"\/55.1-2231\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2231","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":62762,"structure_id":14946,"section_number":"55.1-2233","catch_line":"Financial records","url":"\/55.1-2233\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2233","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/55.1-2232\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1981. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 462 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1981 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1989, chapter 637; in 2019, chapter 712<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":61697,"section_number":"55.1-2201","catch_line":"Applicability","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-2201\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":247605,"object_type":"law","relational_id":75281,"identifier":"55.1-2232","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2232","url":"\/55.1-2232\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/55.1-2232\/","token":"55.1\/IV\/22\/3\/55.1-2232","dublin_core":{"Title":"Class actions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 55.1-2232","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> No time-share owner<\/span> can bring an action on behalf of other time-share owners<\/span> unless he has received the written authorization to represent all other time-share owners<\/span> within the project<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A, the association<\/span> may bring an action on behalf of the time-share owners<\/span> with the authorization of the time-share owners<\/span> within the project<\/span> upon the two-thirds majority vote of the board of directors<\/span>, if such action is found to be in the best interest of the association<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> For purposes of this section, the developer<\/span> shall not be deemed a time-share owner<\/span> and his written permission shall not be required. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCLASS ACTIONS (\u00a7 55.1-2232)\n\nA. No time-share owner can bring an action on behalf of other time-share owners\nunless he has received the written authorization to represent all other\ntime-share owners within the project.\n\nB. Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection A, the association may bring an\naction on behalf of the time-share owners with the authorization of the\ntime-share owners within the project upon the two-thirds majority vote of the\nboard of directors, if such action is found to be in the best interest of the\nassociation.\n\nC. For purposes of this section, the developer shall not be deemed a time-share\nowner and his written permission shall not be required.\n\nHISTORY: 1981, c. 462, \u00a7 55-384; 1989, c. 637; 2019, c. 712.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}