{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/55.1-401.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/55.1-401.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/55.1-401.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/55.1-401.html"}],"law_id":81651,"edition_id":1,"section_id":81651,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-401","catch_line":"Voluntary gifts, conveyances, assignments, transfers, or charges; void as to prior creditors","history":"Code 1919, \u00a7 5185; Code 1950, \u00a7 55-81; 1988, c. 512; 2019, c. 712.","full_text":"Every gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge that is not upon consideration deemed valuable in law, or that is upon consideration of marriage by an insolvent transferor or by a transferor who is thereby rendered insolvent, shall be void as to creditors whose debts were contracted at the time such gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge was made but shall not, on that account merely, be void as to creditors whose debts have been contracted, or as to purchasers who have purchased, after such gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge was made. Even though it is decreed to be void as to a prior creditor, because voluntary or upon consideration of marriage, it shall not, for that cause, be decreed to be void as to subsequent creditors or purchasers.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":292438,"text":"Every gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge that is not upon consideration deemed valuable in law, or that is upon consideration of marriage by an insolvent transferor or by a transferor who is thereby rendered insolvent, shall be void as to creditors whose debts were contracted at the time such gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge was made but shall not, on that account merely, be void as to creditors whose debts have been contracted, or as to purchasers who have purchased, after such gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge was made. Even though it is decreed to be void as to a prior creditor, because voluntary or upon consideration of marriage, it shall not, for that cause, be decreed to be void as to subsequent creditors or purchasers.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14252,"edition_id":1,"name":"Fraudulent and Voluntary Conveyances; Writings Necessary to be Recorded","identifier":"4","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13327,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:27","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:27","permalink":{"id":245263,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14252,"identifier":"4","token":"55.1\/I\/4","url":"\/55.1\/I\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13327,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property Conveyances","identifier":"I","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12707,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:39","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:39","permalink":{"id":244771,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13327,"identifier":"I","token":"55.1\/I","url":"\/55.1\/I\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12707,"edition_id":1,"name":"Property and Conveyances","identifier":"55.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":244769,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12707,"identifier":"55.1","token":"55.1","url":"\/55.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":59922,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-400","catch_line":"Void fraudulent acts; bona fide purchasers not affected","url":"\/55.1-400\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-400","metadata":false},{"id":81651,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-401","catch_line":"Voluntary gifts, conveyances, assignments, transfers, or charges; void as to prior creditors","url":"\/55.1-401\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-401","metadata":false},{"id":79832,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-402","catch_line":"Creditor's action to avoid such gifts, conveyances, assignments, transfers, or charges","url":"\/55.1-402\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-402","metadata":false},{"id":60771,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-403","catch_line":"Creditor's action; attorney fees","url":"\/55.1-403\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-403","metadata":false},{"id":60873,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-404","catch_line":"Authority of court to set aside","url":"\/55.1-404\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-404","metadata":false},{"id":70774,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-405","catch_line":"Loans and reservations of a use or property to be recorded","url":"\/55.1-405\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-405","metadata":false},{"id":59972,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-406","catch_line":"Certain recorded contracts as valid as deeds","url":"\/55.1-406\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-406","metadata":false},{"id":76968,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-407","catch_line":"Contracts, etc., void as to creditors and purchasers until recorded; priority of credit line deed of trust","url":"\/55.1-407\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-407","metadata":false},{"id":55483,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-408","catch_line":"Where to be recorded","url":"\/55.1-408\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-408","metadata":false},{"id":85245,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-409","catch_line":"Recordation of instruments affecting civil aircraft of United States","url":"\/55.1-409\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-409","metadata":false},{"id":75046,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-410","catch_line":"Priority of writings when admitted to record same day","url":"\/55.1-410\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-410","metadata":false},{"id":84305,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-411","catch_line":"When writings to be recorded in county, and when in city","url":"\/55.1-411\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-411","metadata":false},{"id":77900,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-412","catch_line":"Words \"creditors\" and \"purchasers,\" how construed","url":"\/55.1-412\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-412","metadata":false},{"id":72147,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-413","catch_line":"Lien of subsequent purchaser for purchase money paid before notice","url":"\/55.1-413\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-413","metadata":false},{"id":67269,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-414","catch_line":"When purchaser not affected by record of deed or contract","url":"\/55.1-414\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-414","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":59922,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-400","catch_line":"Void fraudulent acts; bona fide purchasers not affected","url":"\/55.1-400\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-400","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":79832,"structure_id":14252,"section_number":"55.1-402","catch_line":"Creditor's action to avoid such gifts, conveyances, assignments, transfers, or charges","url":"\/55.1-402\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-402","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/55.1-401\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1988, chapter 512; in 2019, chapter 712<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":79832,"section_number":"55.1-402","catch_line":"Creditor's action to avoid such gifts, conveyances, assignments, transfers, or charges","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-402\/"},{"id":60771,"section_number":"55.1-403","catch_line":"Creditor's action; attorney fees","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-403\/"},{"id":60873,"section_number":"55.1-404","catch_line":"Authority of court to set aside","order_by":null,"url":"\/55.1-404\/"},{"id":78194,"section_number":"64.2-745.1","catch_line":"Self-settled spendthrift trusts","order_by":null,"url":"\/64.2-745.1\/"},{"id":83274,"section_number":"8.01-253","catch_line":"Limitation of suits to avoid voluntary conveyances, etc","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-253\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":245269,"object_type":"law","relational_id":81651,"identifier":"55.1-401","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-401","url":"\/55.1-401\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/55.1-401\/","token":"55.1\/I\/4\/55.1-401","dublin_core":{"Title":"Voluntary gifts, conveyances, assignments, transfers, or charges; void as to prior creditors","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 55.1-401","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Every gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge that is not upon consideration deemed valuable in law<\/span>, or that is upon consideration of marriage by an insolvent transferor or by a transferor who is thereby rendered insolvent, shall be void as to creditors<\/span> whose debts were contracted at the time such gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge was made but shall not, on that account merely, be void as to creditors<\/span> whose debts have been contracted, or as to purchasers who have purchased, after such gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge was made. Even though it is decreed to be void as to a prior creditor<\/span>, because voluntary or upon consideration of marriage, it shall not, for that cause, be decreed to be void as to subsequent creditors<\/span> or purchasers.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nVOLUNTARY GIFTS, CONVEYANCES, ASSIGNMENTS, TRANSFERS, OR CHARGES; VOID AS TO\nPRIOR CREDITORS (\u00a7 55.1-401)\n\nEvery gift, conveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge that is not upon\nconsideration deemed valuable in law, or that is upon consideration of marriage\nby an insolvent transferor or by a transferor who is thereby rendered insolvent,\nshall be void as to creditors whose debts were contracted at the time such gift,\nconveyance, assignment, transfer, or charge was made but shall not, on that\naccount merely, be void as to creditors whose debts have been contracted, or as\nto purchasers who have purchased, after such gift, conveyance, assignment,\ntransfer, or charge was made. Even though it is decreed to be void as to a prior\ncreditor, because voluntary or upon consideration of marriage, it shall not, for\nthat cause, be decreed to be void as to subsequent creditors or purchasers.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1919, \u00a7 5185; Code 1950, \u00a7 55-81; 1988, c. 512; 2019, c. 712.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}