{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/58.1-439.4.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/58.1-439.4.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/58.1-439.4.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/58.1-439.4.html"}],"law_id":58298,"edition_id":1,"section_id":58298,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.4","catch_line":"Day-care facility investment tax credit","history":"1996, c. 497; 2020, cc. 860, 861.","full_text":"A\n\nFor taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 1997, any taxpayer shall be allowed a credit against the taxes imposed by &#xA7; 58.1-320 or 58.1-400 in an amount equal to 25 percent of all expenditures paid or incurred by such taxpayer in such taxable year for planning, site preparation, construction, renovation, or acquisition of facilities for the purpose of establishing a child day-care facility to be used primarily by the children of such taxpayer&#8217;s employees, and equipment installed for permanent use within or immediately adjacent to such facility, including kitchen appliances, to the extent that such equipment or appliances are necessary in the use of such facility for purposes of child day-care; however, the amount of credit allowed to any taxpayer under this section shall not exceed $25,000. If two or more taxpayers share in the cost of establishing the child day-care facility for the children of their employees, each such taxpayer shall be allowed such credit in relation to the respective share paid or incurred by such taxpayer, of the total expenditures for the facility in such taxable year.B\n\nThe credits provided under this section shall be allowed only if (i) the child day-care facility shall be operated under the authority of a license issued by the Superintendent of Public Instruction pursuant to &#xA7; 22.1-289.011, (ii) an application for a building permit for the facility is made after July 1, 1996, and (iii) the Tax Commissioner approves a taxpayer&#8217;s application for a credit. Proper applications submitted to the Department for the credit shall be approved in the order received. For each application approved for credit it shall be assumed that the amount of the credit will be $25,000, and the amount of the credit will be taken in the fiscal year in which the application is approved and the following two fiscal years. Approval of applications shall be limited to those that are assumed to result in no more than $100,000 of credits in any fiscal year based on the assumptions set forth in this subsection.C\n\nAny tax credit not usable for the taxable year may be carried over to the extent usable for the next three taxable years; however, the balance of a credit shall not be claimed for any succeeding taxable year in which the child day-care facility is operated for purposes of child day-care for less than six months.D\n\nFor purposes of this section, the amount of any credit attributable to a partnership, electing small business corporation (S corporation), or limited liability company shall be allocated to the individual partners, shareholders, or members, respectively, in proportion to their ownership or interest in such business entities.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":213552,"text":"For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 1997, any taxpayer shall be allowed a credit against the taxes imposed by &#xA7; 58.1-320 or 58.1-400 in an amount equal to 25 percent of all expenditures paid or incurred by such taxpayer in such taxable year for planning, site preparation, construction, renovation, or acquisition of facilities for the purpose of establishing a child day-care facility to be used primarily by the children of such taxpayer&#8217;s employees, and equipment installed for permanent use within or immediately adjacent to such facility, including kitchen appliances, to the extent that such equipment or appliances are necessary in the use of such facility for purposes of child day-care; however, the amount of credit allowed to any taxpayer under this section shall not exceed $25,000. If two or more taxpayers share in the cost of establishing the child day-care facility for the children of their employees, each such taxpayer shall be allowed such credit in relation to the respective share paid or incurred by such taxpayer, of the total expenditures for the facility in such taxable year.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":213553,"text":"The credits provided under this section shall be allowed only if (i) the child day-care facility shall be operated under the authority of a license issued by the Superintendent of Public Instruction pursuant to &#xA7; 22.1-289.011, (ii) an application for a building permit for the facility is made after July 1, 1996, and (iii) the Tax Commissioner approves a taxpayer&#8217;s application for a credit. Proper applications submitted to the Department for the credit shall be approved in the order received. For each application approved for credit it shall be assumed that the amount of the credit will be $25,000, and the amount of the credit will be taken in the fiscal year in which the application is approved and the following two fiscal years. Approval of applications shall be limited to those that are assumed to result in no more than $100,000 of credits in any fiscal year based on the assumptions set forth in this subsection.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":213554,"text":"Any tax credit not usable for the taxable year may be carried over to the extent usable for the next three taxable years; however, the balance of a credit shall not be claimed for any succeeding taxable year in which the child day-care facility is operated for purposes of child day-care for less than six months.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":213555,"text":"For purposes of this section, the amount of any credit attributable to a partnership, electing small business corporation (S corporation), or limited liability company shall be allocated to the individual partners, shareholders, or members, respectively, in proportion to their ownership or interest in such business entities.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13153,"edition_id":1,"name":"Tax Credits for Corporations","identifier":"13","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13152,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:21","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:21","permalink":{"id":253497,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13153,"identifier":"13","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13","url":"\/58.1\/I\/3\/13\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13152,"edition_id":1,"name":"Income Tax","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12837,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:21","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:21","permalink":{"id":253267,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13152,"identifier":"3","token":"58.1\/I\/3","url":"\/58.1\/I\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12837,"edition_id":1,"name":"Taxes Administered by the Department of Taxation","identifier":"I","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12703,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":252075,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12837,"identifier":"I","token":"58.1\/I","url":"\/58.1\/I\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12703,"edition_id":1,"name":"Taxation","identifier":"58.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:49","permalink":{"id":251959,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12703,"identifier":"58.1","token":"58.1","url":"\/58.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":59349,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-430","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-430\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-430","metadata":false},{"id":79747,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-431","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-431\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-431","metadata":false},{"id":87213,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-432","catch_line":"Tax credit for purchase of conservation tillage equipment","url":"\/58.1-432\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-432","metadata":false},{"id":78377,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-433","catch_line":"Expired","url":"\/58.1-433\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-433","metadata":false},{"id":84600,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-433.1","catch_line":"Virginia Coal Employment and Production Incentive Tax Credit","url":"\/58.1-433.1\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-433.1","metadata":false},{"id":72145,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-434","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-434\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-434","metadata":false},{"id":62315,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-436","catch_line":"Tax credit for purchase of conservation tillage and precision agricultural application equipment","url":"\/58.1-436\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-436","metadata":false},{"id":62397,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-437","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-437\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-437","metadata":false},{"id":83316,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-438","catch_line":"Not effective","url":"\/58.1-438\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-438","metadata":false},{"id":56216,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-438.1","catch_line":"Tax credit for vehicle emissions testing equipment, clean-fuel vehicles and certain refueling property","url":"\/58.1-438.1\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-438.1","metadata":false},{"id":62311,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439","catch_line":"Major business facility job tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439","metadata":false},{"id":63680,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-439.1\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.1","metadata":false},{"id":76474,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.10","catch_line":"Tax credit for purchase of waste motor oil burning equipment","url":"\/58.1-439.10\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.10","metadata":false},{"id":85121,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.11","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-439.11\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.11","metadata":false},{"id":59921,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12","catch_line":"Riparian forest buffer protection for waterways tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12","metadata":false},{"id":71239,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:01","catch_line":"Credit for cigarettes manufactured and exported","url":"\/58.1-439.12_01\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_01","metadata":false},{"id":80405,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:02","catch_line":" Biodiesel and green diesel fuels producers tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_02\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_02","metadata":false},{"id":77683,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:03","catch_line":"Motion picture production tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_03\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_03","metadata":false},{"id":82387,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:04","catch_line":"Tax credit for participating landlords","url":"\/58.1-439.12_04\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_04","metadata":false},{"id":57964,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:05","catch_line":"Green and alternative energy job creation tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_05\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_05","metadata":false},{"id":66012,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:06","catch_line":"International trade facility tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_06\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_06","metadata":false},{"id":58192,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:07","catch_line":"Telework expenses tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_07\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_07","metadata":false},{"id":84261,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:08","catch_line":"Research and development expenses tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_08\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_08","metadata":false},{"id":54175,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:09","catch_line":"Barge and rail usage tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_09\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_09","metadata":false},{"id":78639,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:10","catch_line":"Virginia port volume increase tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_10\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_10","metadata":false},{"id":85547,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:11","catch_line":"Major research and development expenses tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_11\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_11","metadata":false},{"id":65654,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.12:12","catch_line":"Food donation tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.12_12\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.12_12","metadata":false},{"id":54927,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.2","catch_line":" Coalfield employment enhancement tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.2\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.2","metadata":false},{"id":63351,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-439.3\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.3","metadata":false},{"id":58298,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.4","catch_line":"Day-care facility investment tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.4\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.4","metadata":false},{"id":66742,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.5","catch_line":"Agricultural best management practices tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.5\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.5","metadata":false},{"id":81908,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.6","catch_line":"Worker retraining tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.6\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.6","metadata":false},{"id":60296,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.6:1","catch_line":"Worker training tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.6_1\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.6_1","metadata":false},{"id":55856,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.7","catch_line":"Tax credit for purchase of machinery and equipment used for advanced recycling and processing recyclable materials","url":"\/58.1-439.7\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.7","metadata":false},{"id":82497,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.8","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-439.8\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.8","metadata":false},{"id":66196,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.9","catch_line":"Tax credit for certain employers hiring recipients of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families","url":"\/58.1-439.9\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":63351,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/58.1-439.3\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.3","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":66742,"structure_id":13153,"section_number":"58.1-439.5","catch_line":"Agricultural best management practices tax credit","url":"\/58.1-439.5\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.5","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/58.1-439.4\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1996. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?961+ful+CHAP0497\">497<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2020, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?201+ful+CHAP0860\">860<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?201+ful+CHAP0861\">861<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":55674,"section_number":"22.1-289.011","catch_line":"Licenses required; issuance, expiration, and renewal; maximum number of participants or children; posting of licenses","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-289.011\/"},{"id":62270,"section_number":"58.1-320","catch_line":"Imposition of tax","order_by":null,"url":"\/58.1-320\/"},{"id":60955,"section_number":"58.1-400","catch_line":"Imposition of tax","order_by":null,"url":"\/58.1-400\/"}],"permalink":{"id":253615,"object_type":"law","relational_id":58298,"identifier":"58.1-439.4","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.4","url":"\/58.1-439.4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/58.1-439.4\/","token":"58.1\/I\/3\/13\/58.1-439.4","dublin_core":{"Title":"Day-care facility investment tax credit","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 58.1-439.4","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 1997, any <span class=\"dictionary\">taxpayer<\/span> shall be allowed a credit against the taxes imposed by &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Imposition of tax\" href=\"\/58.1-320\/\">58.1-320<\/a> or <a class=\"law\" title=\"Imposition of tax\" href=\"\/58.1-400\/\">58.1-400<\/a> in an amount equal to 25 percent of all expenditures paid or incurred by such <span class=\"dictionary\">taxpayer<\/span> in such taxable year for planning, site preparation, construction, renovation, or acquisition of facilities for the purpose of establishing a child day-care facility to be used primarily by the children of such <span class=\"dictionary\">taxpayer<\/span>&#8217;s employees, and equipment installed for permanent use within or immediately adjacent to such facility, including kitchen appliances, to the extent that such equipment or appliances are necessary in the use of such facility for purposes of child day-care; however, the amount of credit allowed to any <span class=\"dictionary\">taxpayer<\/span> under this section shall not exceed $25,000. If two or more <span class=\"dictionary\">taxpayers<\/span> share in the cost of establishing the child day-care facility for the children of their employees, each such <span class=\"dictionary\">taxpayer<\/span> shall be allowed such credit in relation to the respective share paid or incurred by such <span class=\"dictionary\">taxpayer<\/span>, of the total expenditures for the facility in such taxable year. <a id=\"paragraph-213552\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/58.1-439.4\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> The credits provided under this section shall be allowed only if (i) the child day-care facility shall be operated under the authority of a license issued by the Superintendent of Public Instruction pursuant to &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Licenses required; issuance, expiration, and renewal; maximum number of participants or children; posting of licenses\" href=\"\/22.1-289.011\/\">22.1-289.011<\/a>, (ii) an application for a building permit for the facility is made after July 1, 1996, and (iii) the <span class=\"dictionary\">Tax Commissioner<\/span> approves a <span class=\"dictionary\">taxpayer<\/span>&#8217;s application for a credit. Proper applications submitted to the <span class=\"dictionary\">Department<\/span> for the credit shall be approved in the <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> received. For each application approved for credit it shall be assumed that the amount of the credit will be $25,000, and the amount of the credit will be taken in the fiscal year in which the application is approved and the following two fiscal years. Approval of applications shall be limited to those that are assumed to result in no more than $100,000 of credits in any fiscal year based on the assumptions set forth in this subsection. <a id=\"paragraph-213553\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/58.1-439.4\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"C\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">C.<\/span> Any tax credit not usable for the taxable year may be carried over to the extent usable for the next three taxable years; however, the balance of a credit shall not be claimed for any succeeding taxable year in which the child day-care facility is operated for purposes of child day-care for less than six months. <a id=\"paragraph-213554\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/58.1-439.4\/#C\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"D\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">D.<\/span> For purposes of this section, the amount of any credit attributable to a partnership, electing small business <span class=\"dictionary\">corporation<\/span> (S <span class=\"dictionary\">corporation<\/span>), or limited liability company shall be allocated to the <span class=\"dictionary\">individual<\/span> partners, shareholders, or members, respectively, in proportion to their ownership or interest in such business entities. <a id=\"paragraph-213555\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/58.1-439.4\/#D\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nDAY-CARE FACILITY INVESTMENT TAX CREDIT (\u00a7 58.1-439.4)\n\nA. For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 1997, any taxpayer shall\nbe allowed a credit against the taxes imposed by &#xA7; 58.1-320 or 58.1-400 in\nan amount equal to 25 percent of all expenditures paid or incurred by such\ntaxpayer in such taxable year for planning, site preparation, construction,\nrenovation, or acquisition of facilities for the purpose of establishing a child\nday-care facility to be used primarily by the children of such taxpayer&#8217;s\nemployees, and equipment installed for permanent use within or immediately\nadjacent to such facility, including kitchen appliances, to the extent that such\nequipment or appliances are necessary in the use of such facility for purposes\nof child day-care; however, the amount of credit allowed to any taxpayer under\nthis section shall not exceed $25,000. If two or more taxpayers share in the\ncost of establishing the child day-care facility for the children of their\nemployees, each such taxpayer shall be allowed such credit in relation to the\nrespective share paid or incurred by such taxpayer, of the total expenditures\nfor the facility in such taxable year.\n\nB. The credits provided under this section shall be allowed only if (i) the\nchild day-care facility shall be operated under the authority of a license\nissued by the Superintendent of Public Instruction pursuant to &#xA7;\n22.1-289.011, (ii) an application for a building permit for the facility is made\nafter July 1, 1996, and (iii) the Tax Commissioner approves a taxpayer&#8217;s\napplication for a credit. Proper applications submitted to the Department for\nthe credit shall be approved in the order received. For each application\napproved for credit it shall be assumed that the amount of the credit will be\n$25,000, and the amount of the credit will be taken in the fiscal year in which\nthe application is approved and the following two fiscal years. Approval of\napplications shall be limited to those that are assumed to result in no more\nthan $100,000 of credits in any fiscal year based on the assumptions set forth\nin this subsection.\n\nC. Any tax credit not usable for the taxable year may be carried over to the\nextent usable for the next three taxable years; however, the balance of a credit\nshall not be claimed for any succeeding taxable year in which the child day-care\nfacility is operated for purposes of child day-care for less than six months.\n\nD. For purposes of this section, the amount of any credit attributable to a\npartnership, electing small business corporation (S corporation), or limited\nliability company shall be allocated to the individual partners, shareholders,\nor members, respectively, in proportion to their ownership or interest in such\nbusiness entities.\n\nHISTORY: 1996, c. 497; 2020, cc. 860, 861.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}