{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/59.1-308.2.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/59.1-308.2.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/59.1-308.2.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/59.1-308.2.html"}],"law_id":65301,"edition_id":1,"section_id":65301,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-308.2","catch_line":"Investigations","history":"1990, cc. 392, 433.","full_text":"A\n\nThe Commissioner may:1\n\nMake necessary public or private investigations within or without this Commonwealth to determine any violations of the provisions of this chapter or any rule, regulation, or order issued pursuant to this chapter; and2\n\nRequire or permit any person to file a statement in writing, under oath or otherwise as the Commissioner determines, as to all facts and circumstances concerning the matter under investigation.B\n\nFor the purpose of any investigation or proceeding under this chapter, the Commissioner may administer oaths or affirmations, and upon such motion or upon request of any party, may subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, take evidence, and require the production of any matter that is relevant to the investigation, including the existence, description, nature, custody, condition, and location of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having knowledge of relevant facts, or any other matter reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of material evidence.C\n\nAny proceeding or hearing of the Commissioner pursuant to this chapter, in which witnesses are subpoenaed and their attendance required for evidence to be taken, or any matter is to be produced to ascertain material evidence, shall take place within the City of Richmond.D\n\nIf any person fails to obey a subpoena or to answer questions propounded by the Commissioner and upon reasonable notice to all persons affected thereby, the Commissioner may apply to the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond for an order compelling compliance.E\n\nThe Board may adopt reasonable regulations to implement the provisions of this chapter and such regulations shall be adopted, amended, or repealed in accordance with the Administrative Process Act, Chapter 40 (&#xA7; 2.2-4000 et seq.) of Title 2.2.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":237476,"text":"The Commissioner may:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":237477,"text":"Make necessary public or private investigations within or without this Commonwealth to determine any violations of the provisions of this chapter or any rule, regulation, or order issued pursuant to this chapter; and","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":237478,"text":"Require or permit any person to file a statement in writing, under oath or otherwise as the Commissioner determines, as to all facts and circumstances concerning the matter under investigation.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"B"},"3":{"id":237479,"text":"For the purpose of any investigation or proceeding under this chapter, the Commissioner may administer oaths or affirmations, and upon such motion or upon request of any party, may subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, take evidence, and require the production of any matter that is relevant to the investigation, including the existence, description, nature, custody, condition, and location of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having knowledge of relevant facts, or any other matter reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of material evidence.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"C"},"4":{"id":237480,"text":"Any proceeding or hearing of the Commissioner pursuant to this chapter, in which witnesses are subpoenaed and their attendance required for evidence to be taken, or any matter is to be produced to ascertain material evidence, shall take place within the City of Richmond.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"5":{"id":237481,"text":"If any person fails to obey a subpoena or to answer questions propounded by the Commissioner and upon reasonable notice to all persons affected thereby, the Commissioner may apply to the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond for an order compelling compliance.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C","next_prefix":"E"},"6":{"id":237482,"text":"The Board may adopt reasonable regulations to implement the provisions of this chapter and such regulations shall be adopted, amended, or repealed in accordance with the Administrative Process Act, Chapter 40 (&#xA7; 2.2-4000 et seq.) of Title 2.2.","type":"section","prefixes":["E"],"prefix":"E","entire_prefix":"E","prefix_anchor":"E","level":1,"prior_prefix":"D"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13741,"edition_id":1,"name":"Virginia Health Club Act","identifier":"24","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12809,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:45","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:45","permalink":{"id":260589,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13741,"identifier":"24","token":"59.1\/24","url":"\/59.1\/24\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12809,"edition_id":1,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":259521,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12809,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":65021,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-294","catch_line":"Short title","url":"\/59.1-294\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-294","metadata":false},{"id":79666,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-295","catch_line":"Statement of purpose","url":"\/59.1-295\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-295","metadata":false},{"id":77481,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-296","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-296\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-296","metadata":false},{"id":62798,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-296.1","catch_line":"Registration; fees","url":"\/59.1-296.1\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-296.1","metadata":false},{"id":73004,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-296.2","catch_line":"Contracts sold on prepayment basis","url":"\/59.1-296.2\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-296.2","metadata":false},{"id":84951,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-296.2:1","catch_line":"Prepayment contracts; prohibited practices; relocation; refund","url":"\/59.1-296.2_1\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-296.2_1","metadata":false},{"id":81442,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-296.2:2","catch_line":"Automated external defibrillator required","url":"\/59.1-296.2_2\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-296.2_2","metadata":false},{"id":84485,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-296.3","catch_line":"Initiation fees","url":"\/59.1-296.3\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-296.3","metadata":false},{"id":54962,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-297","catch_line":"Right of cancellation","url":"\/59.1-297\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-297","metadata":false},{"id":63583,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-297.1","catch_line":"Payment and calculation of refunds","url":"\/59.1-297.1\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-297.1","metadata":false},{"id":59624,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-297.2","catch_line":"Automatic termination of a health club contract","url":"\/59.1-297.2\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-297.2","metadata":false},{"id":85709,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-298","catch_line":"Notice to buyer","url":"\/59.1-298\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-298","metadata":false},{"id":75243,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-299","catch_line":"Duration of contract","url":"\/59.1-299\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-299","metadata":false},{"id":67031,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-300","catch_line":"Provisions of this chapter not exclusive","url":"\/59.1-300\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-300","metadata":false},{"id":69302,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-301","catch_line":"Noncomplying contract voidable","url":"\/59.1-301\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-301","metadata":false},{"id":54742,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-302","catch_line":"Fraud rendering contract void","url":"\/59.1-302\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-302","metadata":false},{"id":67696,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-303","catch_line":"Waiver of provisions void and unenforceable","url":"\/59.1-303\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-303","metadata":false},{"id":66423,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-304","catch_line":"Notice of preservation of buyers' rights","url":"\/59.1-304\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-304","metadata":false},{"id":72661,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-305","catch_line":"Prohibition against assignment of health club contract cutting off buyer's right of action or defense against seller; conditions","url":"\/59.1-305\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-305","metadata":false},{"id":63585,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-306","catch_line":"Bond or letter of credit required; exception","url":"\/59.1-306\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-306","metadata":false},{"id":84158,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-307","catch_line":"Bond or letter of credit; persons protected","url":"\/59.1-307\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-307","metadata":false},{"id":68743,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-308","catch_line":"Change in ownership of health club","url":"\/59.1-308\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-308","metadata":false},{"id":80382,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-308.1","catch_line":"Production of records","url":"\/59.1-308.1\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-308.1","metadata":false},{"id":65301,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-308.2","catch_line":"Investigations","url":"\/59.1-308.2\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-308.2","metadata":false},{"id":66761,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-309","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-309\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-309","metadata":false},{"id":73149,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-310","catch_line":"Applicability","url":"\/59.1-310\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-310","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":80382,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-308.1","catch_line":"Production of records","url":"\/59.1-308.1\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-308.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":66761,"structure_id":13741,"section_number":"59.1-309","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-309\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-309","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-308.2\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1990. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 392 and 433 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1990 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":[{"id":76721,"section_number":"2.2-517","catch_line":"Division of Consumer Counsel created; duties","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-517\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":86911,"section_number":"2.2-4000","catch_line":"Short title; purpose","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4000\/"}],"permalink":{"id":260683,"object_type":"law","relational_id":65301,"identifier":"59.1-308.2","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-308.2","url":"\/59.1-308.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-308.2\/","token":"59.1\/24\/59.1-308.2","dublin_core":{"Title":"Investigations","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-308.2","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> The <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> may: <a id=\"paragraph-237476\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-308.2\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A1\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">1.<\/span> Make necessary public or private investigations within or without this Commonwealth to determine any violations of the provisions of this chapter or any rule, regulation, or <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> issued pursuant to this chapter; and <a id=\"paragraph-237477\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-308.2\/#A1\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A2\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">2.<\/span> Require or permit any person to file a statement in writing, under <span class=\"dictionary\">oath<\/span> or otherwise as the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> determines, as to all <span class=\"dictionary\">facts<\/span> and circumstances concerning the matter under investigation. <a id=\"paragraph-237478\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-308.2\/#A2\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> For the purpose of any investigation or proceeding under this chapter, the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> may administer <span class=\"dictionary\">oaths<\/span> or affirmations, and upon such <span class=\"dictionary\">motion<\/span> or upon request of any <span class=\"dictionary\">party<\/span>, may <span class=\"dictionary\">subpoena<\/span> witnesses, compel their attendance, take <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span>, and require the production of any matter that is relevant to the investigation, including the existence, description, nature, <span class=\"dictionary\">custody<\/span>, condition, and location of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having knowledge of relevant <span class=\"dictionary\">facts<\/span>, or any other matter reasonably calculated to lead to the <span class=\"dictionary\">discovery<\/span> of <span class=\"dictionary\">material<\/span> <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-237479\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-308.2\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"C\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">C.<\/span> Any proceeding or <span class=\"dictionary\">hearing<\/span> of the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> pursuant to this chapter, in which witnesses are subpoenaed and their attendance required for <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span> to be taken, or any matter is to be produced to ascertain <span class=\"dictionary\">material<\/span> <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span>, shall take place within the City of Richmond. <a id=\"paragraph-237480\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-308.2\/#C\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"D\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">D.<\/span> If any person fails to obey a <span class=\"dictionary\">subpoena<\/span> or to answer questions propounded by the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> and upon reasonable notice to all persons affected thereby, the <span class=\"dictionary\">Commissioner<\/span> may apply to the <span class=\"dictionary\">Circuit<\/span> <span class=\"dictionary\">Court<\/span> of the City of Richmond for an <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> compelling compliance. <a id=\"paragraph-237481\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-308.2\/#D\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"E\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">E.<\/span> The Board may adopt reasonable regulations to implement the provisions of this chapter and such regulations shall be adopted, amended, or repealed in accordance with the Administrative Process Act, Chapter 40 (&#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Short title; purpose\" href=\"\/2.2-4000\/\">2.2-4000<\/a> et seq.) of Title 2.2. <a id=\"paragraph-237482\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-308.2\/#E\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nINVESTIGATIONS (\u00a7 59.1-308.2)\n\nA. The Commissioner may:\n\n   1. Make necessary public or private investigations within or without this\n   Commonwealth to determine any violations of the provisions of this chapter or\n   any rule, regulation, or order issued pursuant to this chapter; and\n\n   2. Require or permit any person to file a statement in writing, under oath or\n   otherwise as the Commissioner determines, as to all facts and circumstances\n   concerning the matter under investigation.\n\nB. For the purpose of any investigation or proceeding under this chapter, the\nCommissioner may administer oaths or affirmations, and upon such motion or upon\nrequest of any party, may subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, take\nevidence, and require the production of any matter that is relevant to the\ninvestigation, including the existence, description, nature, custody, condition,\nand location of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity\nand location of persons having knowledge of relevant facts, or any other matter\nreasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of material evidence.\n\nC. Any proceeding or hearing of the Commissioner pursuant to this chapter, in\nwhich witnesses are subpoenaed and their attendance required for evidence to be\ntaken, or any matter is to be produced to ascertain material evidence, shall\ntake place within the City of Richmond.\n\nD. If any person fails to obey a subpoena or to answer questions propounded by\nthe Commissioner and upon reasonable notice to all persons affected thereby, the\nCommissioner may apply to the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond for an order\ncompelling compliance.\n\nE. The Board may adopt reasonable regulations to implement the provisions of\nthis chapter and such regulations shall be adopted, amended, or repealed in\naccordance with the Administrative Process Act, Chapter 40 (&#xA7; 2.2-4000 et\nseq.) of Title 2.2.\n\nHISTORY: 1990, cc. 392, 433.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}