{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/59.1-419.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/59.1-419.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/59.1-419.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/59.1-419.html"}],"law_id":79309,"edition_id":1,"section_id":79309,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-419","catch_line":"Simulation of checks and invoices","history":"1989, c. 689.","full_text":"In connection with a consumer transaction, no person shall issue any writing which simulates or resembles (i) a check unless the writing clearly and conspicuously discloses its true value and purpose, and the writing would not mislead a reasonable person or (ii) an invoice unless the intended recipient of the invoice has actually contracted for goods, property, or services for which the issuer seeks proper payment.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":283953,"text":"In connection with a consumer transaction, no person shall issue any writing which simulates or resembles (i) a check unless the writing clearly and conspicuously discloses its true value and purpose, and the writing would not mislead a reasonable person or (ii) an invoice unless the intended recipient of the invoice has actually contracted for goods, property, or services for which the issuer seeks proper payment.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13463,"edition_id":1,"name":"Prizes and Gifts Act","identifier":"31","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12809,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:56","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:56","permalink":{"id":261339,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13463,"identifier":"31","token":"59.1\/31","url":"\/59.1\/31\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12809,"edition_id":1,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":259521,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12809,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":61833,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-415","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-415\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-415","metadata":false},{"id":82677,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-416","catch_line":"Representation of having won a prize, gift or any item of value","url":"\/59.1-416\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-416","metadata":false},{"id":59270,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-417","catch_line":"Representation of eligibility to win or to receive a prize, gift or item of value","url":"\/59.1-417\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-417","metadata":false},{"id":54426,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-418","catch_line":"Representation of being specially selected","url":"\/59.1-418\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-418","metadata":false},{"id":79309,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-419","catch_line":"Simulation of checks and invoices","url":"\/59.1-419\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-419","metadata":false},{"id":85787,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-420","catch_line":"Conditions for handling charges and shipping charges","url":"\/59.1-420\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-420","metadata":false},{"id":74052,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-421","catch_line":"Action to enforce the provisions of chapter","url":"\/59.1-421\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-421","metadata":false},{"id":58487,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-422","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-422\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-422","metadata":false},{"id":63942,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-423","catch_line":"Exemptions","url":"\/59.1-423\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-423","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":54426,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-418","catch_line":"Representation of being specially selected","url":"\/59.1-418\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-418","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":85787,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-420","catch_line":"Conditions for handling charges and shipping charges","url":"\/59.1-420\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-420","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-419\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1989. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 689 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1989 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":261357,"object_type":"law","relational_id":79309,"identifier":"59.1-419","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-419","url":"\/59.1-419\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-419\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-419","dublin_core":{"Title":"Simulation of checks and invoices","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-419","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>In connection with a consumer transaction, no <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> shall <span class=\"dictionary\">issue<\/span> any writing which simulates or resembles (i) a check unless the writing clearly and conspicuously discloses its true value and purpose, and the writing would not mislead a reasonable <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> or (ii) an invoice unless the intended recipient of the invoice has actually contracted for goods, property, or services for which the issuer seeks proper payment.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nSIMULATION OF CHECKS AND INVOICES (\u00a7 59.1-419)\n\nIn connection with a consumer transaction, no person shall issue any writing\nwhich simulates or resembles (i) a check unless the writing clearly and\nconspicuously discloses its true value and purpose, and the writing would not\nmislead a reasonable person or (ii) an invoice unless the intended recipient of\nthe invoice has actually contracted for goods, property, or services for which\nthe issuer seeks proper payment.\n\nHISTORY: 1989, c. 689.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}