{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/59.1-421.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/59.1-421.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/59.1-421.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/59.1-421.html"}],"law_id":74052,"edition_id":1,"section_id":74052,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-421","catch_line":"Action to enforce the provisions of chapter","history":"1989, c. 689.","full_text":"Any consumer who suffers loss by reason of a violation of any provision of this chapter may bring a civil action to enforce such provisions. Any consumer who is successful in such an action shall recover reasonable attorney&#8217;s fees, and court costs incurred by bringing such action.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":266340,"text":"Any consumer who suffers loss by reason of a violation of any provision of this chapter may bring a civil action to enforce such provisions. Any consumer who is successful in such an action shall recover reasonable attorney&#8217;s fees, and court costs incurred by bringing such action.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13463,"edition_id":1,"name":"Prizes and Gifts Act","identifier":"31","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12809,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:56","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:56","permalink":{"id":261339,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13463,"identifier":"31","token":"59.1\/31","url":"\/59.1\/31\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12809,"edition_id":1,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":259521,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12809,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":61833,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-415","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-415\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-415","metadata":false},{"id":82677,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-416","catch_line":"Representation of having won a prize, gift or any item of value","url":"\/59.1-416\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-416","metadata":false},{"id":59270,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-417","catch_line":"Representation of eligibility to win or to receive a prize, gift or item of value","url":"\/59.1-417\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-417","metadata":false},{"id":54426,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-418","catch_line":"Representation of being specially selected","url":"\/59.1-418\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-418","metadata":false},{"id":79309,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-419","catch_line":"Simulation of checks and invoices","url":"\/59.1-419\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-419","metadata":false},{"id":85787,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-420","catch_line":"Conditions for handling charges and shipping charges","url":"\/59.1-420\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-420","metadata":false},{"id":74052,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-421","catch_line":"Action to enforce the provisions of chapter","url":"\/59.1-421\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-421","metadata":false},{"id":58487,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-422","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-422\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-422","metadata":false},{"id":63942,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-423","catch_line":"Exemptions","url":"\/59.1-423\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-423","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":85787,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-420","catch_line":"Conditions for handling charges and shipping charges","url":"\/59.1-420\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-420","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":58487,"structure_id":13463,"section_number":"59.1-422","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-422\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-422","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-421\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1989. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 689 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1989 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":261365,"object_type":"law","relational_id":74052,"identifier":"59.1-421","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-421","url":"\/59.1-421\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-421\/","token":"59.1\/31\/59.1-421","dublin_core":{"Title":"Action to enforce the provisions of chapter","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-421","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any consumer who suffers loss by reason of a violation of any provision of this chapter may bring a <span class=\"dictionary\">civil action<\/span> to enforce such provisions. Any consumer who is successful in such an action shall recover reasonable attorney&#8217;s fees, and <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> costs incurred by bringing such action.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nACTION TO ENFORCE THE PROVISIONS OF CHAPTER (\u00a7 59.1-421)\n\nAny consumer who suffers loss by reason of a violation of any provision of this\nchapter may bring a civil action to enforce such provisions. Any consumer who is\nsuccessful in such an action shall recover reasonable attorney&#8217;s fees, and\ncourt costs incurred by bringing such action.\n\nHISTORY: 1989, c. 689.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}