{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/59.1-433.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/59.1-433.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/59.1-433.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/59.1-433.html"}],"law_id":62916,"edition_id":1,"section_id":62916,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-433","catch_line":"Investigations","history":"1991, cc. 608, 630.","full_text":"A\n\nThe Division may, with respect to pay-per-call service advertising or solicitation:1\n\nMake necessary public and private investigations within or without this Commonwealth to determine whether any person has violated the provisions of this chapter, or any rule, regulation, or order issued pursuant to this chapter;2\n\nRequire or permit any person to file a statement in writing, under oath or otherwise as the Division determines, as to all facts and circumstances concerning the matter under investigation; and3\n\nAdminister oaths or affirmations, and upon such motion or upon request of any party, may subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, take evidence, and require the production of any matter that is relevant to the investigation, including the existence, description, nature, custody, condition, and location of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having knowledge of relevant facts, or any other matter reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of material evidence.B\n\nAny proceeding or hearing of the Division pursuant to this chapter, in which witnesses are subpoenaed and their attendance required for evidence to be taken, or any matter is to be produced to ascertain material evidence, shall take place within the City of Richmond.C\n\nIf any person fails to obey a subpoena or to answer questions propounded by the Division and upon reasonable notice to all persons affected thereby, the Division may apply to the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond for an order compelling compliance.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":229503,"text":"The Division may, with respect to pay-per-call service advertising or solicitation:","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"A1"},"1":{"id":229504,"text":"Make necessary public and private investigations within or without this Commonwealth to determine whether any person has violated the provisions of this chapter, or any rule, regulation, or order issued pursuant to this chapter;","type":"section","prefixes":["A","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"A1","prefix_anchor":"A1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"A2"},"2":{"id":229505,"text":"Require or permit any person to file a statement in writing, under oath or otherwise as the Division determines, as to all facts and circumstances concerning the matter under investigation; and","type":"section","prefixes":["A","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"A2","prefix_anchor":"A2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A1","next_prefix":"A3"},"3":{"id":229506,"text":"Administer oaths or affirmations, and upon such motion or upon request of any party, may subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, take evidence, and require the production of any matter that is relevant to the investigation, including the existence, description, nature, custody, condition, and location of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having knowledge of relevant facts, or any other matter reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of material evidence.","type":"section","prefixes":["A","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"A3","prefix_anchor":"A3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"A2","next_prefix":"B"},"4":{"id":229507,"text":"Any proceeding or hearing of the Division pursuant to this chapter, in which witnesses are subpoenaed and their attendance required for evidence to be taken, or any matter is to be produced to ascertain material evidence, shall take place within the City of Richmond.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A3","next_prefix":"C"},"5":{"id":229508,"text":"If any person fails to obey a subpoena or to answer questions propounded by the Division and upon reasonable notice to all persons affected thereby, the Division may apply to the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond for an order compelling compliance.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13984,"edition_id":1,"name":"Pay-Per-Call Services Act","identifier":"33","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12809,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:30","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:30","permalink":{"id":261399,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13984,"identifier":"33","token":"59.1\/33","url":"\/59.1\/33\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12809,"edition_id":1,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":259521,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12809,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":55056,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-429","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-429\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-429","metadata":false},{"id":58791,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-430","catch_line":"Required disclosures","url":"\/59.1-430\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-430","metadata":false},{"id":78924,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-431","catch_line":"Telephone company and long distance carrier duties","url":"\/59.1-431\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-431","metadata":false},{"id":78655,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-432","catch_line":"Regulations","url":"\/59.1-432\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-432","metadata":false},{"id":62916,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-433","catch_line":"Investigations","url":"\/59.1-433\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-433","metadata":false},{"id":72968,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-434","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-434\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-434","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":78655,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-432","catch_line":"Regulations","url":"\/59.1-432\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-432","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":72968,"structure_id":13984,"section_number":"59.1-434","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-434\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-434","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-433\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1991. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 608 and 630 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1991 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":261417,"object_type":"law","relational_id":62916,"identifier":"59.1-433","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-433","url":"\/59.1-433\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-433\/","token":"59.1\/33\/59.1-433","dublin_core":{"Title":"Investigations","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-433","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> The Division<\/span> may, with respect to pay-per-call service<\/span> advertising or solicitation: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Make necessary public and private investigations within or without this Commonwealth to determine whether any person has violated the provisions of this chapter, or any rule, regulation, or order<\/span> issued pursuant to this chapter; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Require or permit any person to file a statement in writing, under oath<\/span> or otherwise as the Division<\/span> determines, as to all facts<\/span> and circumstances concerning the matter under investigation; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Administer oaths<\/span> or affirmations, and upon such motion<\/span> or upon request of any party<\/span>, may subpoena<\/span> witnesses, compel their attendance, take evidence<\/span>, and require the production of any matter that is relevant to the investigation, including the existence, description, nature, custody<\/span>, condition, and location of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having knowledge of relevant facts<\/span>, or any other matter reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery<\/span> of material<\/span> evidence<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Any proceeding or hearing<\/span> of the Division<\/span> pursuant to this chapter, in which witnesses are subpoenaed and their attendance required for evidence<\/span> to be taken, or any matter is to be produced to ascertain material<\/span> evidence<\/span>, shall take place within the City of Richmond. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> If any person fails to obey a subpoena<\/span> or to answer questions propounded by the Division<\/span> and upon reasonable notice to all persons affected thereby, the Division<\/span> may apply to the Circuit<\/span> Court<\/span> of the City of Richmond for an order<\/span> compelling compliance. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nINVESTIGATIONS (\u00a7 59.1-433)\n\nA. The Division may, with respect to pay-per-call service advertising or\nsolicitation:\n\n 1. Make necessary public and private investigations within or without this\n Commonwealth to determine whether any person has violated the provisions of\n this chapter, or any rule, regulation, or order issued pursuant to this\n chapter;\n\n 2. Require or permit any person to file a statement in writing, under oath or\n otherwise as the Division determines, as to all facts and circumstances\n concerning the matter under investigation; and\n\n 3. Administer oaths or affirmations, and upon such motion or upon request of\n any party, may subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, take evidence, and\n require the production of any matter that is relevant to the investigation,\n including the existence, description, nature, custody, condition, and location\n of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity and\n location of persons having knowledge of relevant facts, or any other matter\n reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of material evidence.\n\nB. Any proceeding or hearing of the Division pursuant to this chapter, in which\nwitnesses are subpoenaed and their attendance required for evidence to be taken,\nor any matter is to be produced to ascertain material evidence, shall take place\nwithin the City of Richmond.\n\nC. If any person fails to obey a subpoena or to answer questions propounded by\nthe Division and upon reasonable notice to all persons affected thereby, the\nDivision may apply to the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond for an order\ncompelling compliance.\n\nHISTORY: 1991, cc. 608, 630.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}