{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/59.1-443.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/59.1-443.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/59.1-443.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/59.1-443.html"}],"law_id":71438,"edition_id":1,"section_id":71438,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-443","catch_line":"Exceptions","history":"1992, c. 807; 1993, c. 453; 2004, c. 241.","full_text":"Section 59.1-442 shall not apply to: (i) information gathered for purposes of extending credit or the recording and sale, rental, exchange or disclosure to others of information obtained from any public body as defined in the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (\u00a7 2.2-3700 et seq.); (ii) the sale of information concerning a check or credit card transaction when it is incidental to the sale or other disposition of accounts receivable; (iii) the furnishing by a merchant of information on check writing activity of its customers in conjunction with check validation transactions; or (iv) information sold in connection with any sale by a business of the business’s retail operations at one or more locations, provided that the information is sold only to the purchasers thereof.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":257549,"text":"Section 59.1-442 shall not apply to: (i) information gathered for purposes of extending credit or the recording and sale, rental, exchange or disclosure to others of information obtained from any public body as defined in the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (\u00a7 2.2-3700 et seq.); (ii) the sale of information concerning a check or credit card transaction when it is incidental to the sale or other disposition of accounts receivable; (iii) the furnishing by a merchant of information on check writing activity of its customers in conjunction with check validation transactions; or (iv) information sold in connection with any sale by a business of the business’s retail operations at one or more locations, provided that the information is sold only to the purchasers thereof.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":12862,"edition_id":1,"name":"Personal Information Privacy Act","identifier":"35","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12809,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:57","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:57","permalink":{"id":261523,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12862,"identifier":"35","token":"59.1\/35","url":"\/59.1\/35\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12809,"edition_id":1,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":259521,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12809,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":53997,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-442","catch_line":"Sale of purchaser information; notice required","url":"\/59.1-442\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-442","metadata":false},{"id":71438,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-443","catch_line":"Exceptions","url":"\/59.1-443\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-443","metadata":false},{"id":70216,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-443.1","catch_line":"Recording date of birth as condition of accepting checks prohibited","url":"\/59.1-443.1\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-443.1","metadata":false},{"id":81199,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-443.2","catch_line":"Restricted use of social security numbers","url":"\/59.1-443.2\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-443.2","metadata":false},{"id":77636,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-443.3","catch_line":"Scanning information from driver's license or other document; retention, sale, or dissemination of information","url":"\/59.1-443.3\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-443.3","metadata":false},{"id":65449,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-444","catch_line":"Damages","url":"\/59.1-444\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-444","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":53997,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-442","catch_line":"Sale of purchaser information; notice required","url":"\/59.1-442\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-442","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":70216,"structure_id":12862,"section_number":"59.1-443.1","catch_line":"Recording date of birth as condition of accepting checks prohibited","url":"\/59.1-443.1\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-443.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-443\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1992. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 807 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1992 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1993, chapter 453; in 2004, chapter 241<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":55569,"section_number":"2.2-3700","catch_line":"Short title; policy","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-3700\/"},{"id":53997,"section_number":"59.1-442","catch_line":"Sale of purchaser information; notice required","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-442\/"}],"permalink":{"id":261529,"object_type":"law","relational_id":71438,"identifier":"59.1-443","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-443","url":"\/59.1-443\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-443\/","token":"59.1\/35\/59.1-443","dublin_core":{"Title":"Exceptions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-443","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Section 59.1-442<\/a> shall not apply to: (i) information gathered for purposes of extending credit or the recording and sale, rental, exchange or disclosure to others of information obtained from any public body as defined in the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (\u00a7 2.2-3700<\/a> et seq.); (ii) the sale of information concerning a check or credit card transaction when it is incidental to the sale or other disposition<\/span> of accounts receivable; (iii) the furnishing by a merchant of information on check writing activity of its customers in conjunction with check validation transactions; or (iv) information sold in connection with any sale by a business of the business’s retail operations at one or more locations, provided that the information is sold only to the purchasers thereof.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEXCEPTIONS (\u00a7 59.1-443)\n\nSection 59.1-442 shall not apply to: (i) information gathered for purposes of\nextending credit or the recording and sale, rental, exchange or disclosure to\nothers of information obtained from any public body as defined in the Virginia\nFreedom of Information Act (\u00a7 2.2-3700 et seq.); (ii) the sale of information\nconcerning a check or credit card transaction when it is incidental to the sale\nor other disposition of accounts receivable; (iii) the furnishing by a merchant\nof information on check writing activity of its customers in conjunction with\ncheck validation transactions; or (iv) information sold in connection with any\nsale by a business of the business’s retail operations at one or more\nlocations, provided that the information is sold only to the purchasers thereof.\n\nHISTORY: 1992, c. 807; 1993, c. 453; 2004, c. 241.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}