{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/59.1-501.7.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/59.1-501.7.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/59.1-501.7.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/59.1-501.7.html"}],"law_id":82284,"edition_id":1,"section_id":82284,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.7","catch_line":"Legal recognition of electronic record and authentication; use of electronic agents","history":"2000, cc. 101, 996.","full_text":"a\n\nA record or authentication may not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely because it is in electronic form.b\n\nThis chapter does not require that a record or authentication be generated, stored, sent, received, or otherwise processed by electronic means or in electronic form.c\n\nIn any transaction, a person may establish requirements regarding the type of authentication or record acceptable to that person.d\n\nA person using an electronic agent that he has selected for making an authentication, performance, or agreement, including manifestation of assent, is bound by the operations of the electronic agent, even if no individual was aware of or reviewed the agent’s operations or the results of the operations.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":294905,"text":"A record or authentication may not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely because it is in electronic form.","type":"section","prefixes":["a"],"prefix":"a","entire_prefix":"a","prefix_anchor":"a","level":1,"next_prefix":"b"},"1":{"id":294906,"text":"This chapter does not require that a record or authentication be generated, stored, sent, received, or otherwise processed by electronic means or in electronic form.","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"a","next_prefix":"c"},"2":{"id":294907,"text":"In any transaction, a person may establish requirements regarding the type of authentication or record acceptable to that person.","type":"section","prefixes":["c"],"prefix":"c","entire_prefix":"c","prefix_anchor":"c","level":1,"prior_prefix":"b","next_prefix":"d"},"3":{"id":294908,"text":"A person using an electronic agent that he has selected for making an authentication, performance, or agreement, including manifestation of assent, is bound by the operations of the electronic agent, even if no individual was aware of or reviewed the agent’s operations or the results of the operations.","type":"section","prefixes":["d"],"prefix":"d","entire_prefix":"d","prefix_anchor":"d","level":1,"prior_prefix":"c"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15005,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12900,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:51:26","date_modified":"2026-06-26 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03:43:54","permalink":{"id":259521,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12809,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":87403,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.1","catch_line":"Title","url":"\/59.1-501.1\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.1","metadata":false},{"id":69535,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.10","catch_line":"Contractual choice of forum","url":"\/59.1-501.10\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.10","metadata":false},{"id":61969,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.11","catch_line":"Unconscionable contract or term","url":"\/59.1-501.11\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.11","metadata":false},{"id":72667,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.12","catch_line":"Manifesting assent","url":"\/59.1-501.12\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.12","metadata":false},{"id":59103,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.13","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/59.1-501.13\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.13","metadata":false},{"id":80445,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.13:1","catch_line":"Opportunity to review","url":"\/59.1-501.13_1\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.13_1","metadata":false},{"id":84229,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.14","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/59.1-501.14\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.14","metadata":false},{"id":78044,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.14:1","catch_line":"Pretransaction disclosures in Internet-type transactions","url":"\/59.1-501.14_1\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.14_1","metadata":false},{"id":87480,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.15","catch_line":"Variation by agreement; commercial 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exclusions","url":"\/59.1-501.3\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.3","metadata":false},{"id":58948,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.4","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/59.1-501.4\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.4","metadata":false},{"id":57410,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.4:1","catch_line":"Consumer protection law governs","url":"\/59.1-501.4_1\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.4_1","metadata":false},{"id":63386,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.5","catch_line":"Relation to federal law; fundamental public policy; transactions subject to other state law","url":"\/59.1-501.5\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.5","metadata":false},{"id":77805,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.6","catch_line":"Rule of construction","url":"\/59.1-501.6\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.6","metadata":false},{"id":82284,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.7","catch_line":"Legal recognition of electronic record and authentication; use of electronic agents","url":"\/59.1-501.7\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.7","metadata":false},{"id":63380,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.8","catch_line":"Proof and effect of authentication","url":"\/59.1-501.8\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.8","metadata":false},{"id":58664,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.9","catch_line":"Choice of law","url":"\/59.1-501.9\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":77805,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.6","catch_line":"Rule of construction","url":"\/59.1-501.6\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.6","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":63380,"structure_id":15005,"section_number":"59.1-501.8","catch_line":"Proof and effect of authentication","url":"\/59.1-501.8\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.8","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-501.7\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2000. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 101<\/a> and 996<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":261961,"object_type":"law","relational_id":82284,"identifier":"59.1-501.7","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.7","url":"\/59.1-501.7\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-501.7\/","token":"59.1\/43\/1\/59.1-501.7","dublin_core":{"Title":"Legal recognition of electronic record and authentication; use of electronic agents","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-501.7","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

a.<\/span> A record or authentication may not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely because it is in electronic form. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

b.<\/span> This chapter does not require that a record or authentication be generated, stored, sent, received, or otherwise processed by electronic means or in electronic form. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

c.<\/span> In any transaction, a person may establish requirements regarding the type of authentication or record acceptable to that person. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

d.<\/span> A person using an electronic agent that he has selected for making an authentication, performance, or agreement, including manifestation of assent, is bound by the operations of the electronic agent, even if no individual was aware of or reviewed the agent’s operations or the results of the operations. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLEGAL RECOGNITION OF ELECTRONIC RECORD AND AUTHENTICATION; USE OF ELECTRONIC\nAGENTS (\u00a7 59.1-501.7)\n\na. A record or authentication may not be denied legal effect or enforceability\nsolely because it is in electronic form.\n\nb. This chapter does not require that a record or authentication be generated,\nstored, sent, received, or otherwise processed by electronic means or in\nelectronic form.\n\nc. In any transaction, a person may establish requirements regarding the type of\nauthentication or record acceptable to that person.\n\nd. A person using an electronic agent that he has selected for making an\nauthentication, performance, or agreement, including manifestation of assent, is\nbound by the operations of the electronic agent, even if no individual was aware\nof or reviewed the agent’s operations or the results of the operations.\n\nHISTORY: 2000, cc. 101, 996.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}