{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/59.1-508.12.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/59.1-508.12.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/59.1-508.12.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/59.1-508.12.html"}],"law_id":71286,"edition_id":1,"section_id":71286,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.12","catch_line":"Completing performance","history":"2000, cc. 101, 996.","full_text":"a\n\nOn breach of contract by a licensee, the licensor may:1\n\nidentify to the contract any conforming copy not already identified if, at the time the licensor learned of the breach, the copy was in its possession;2\n\nin the exercise of reasonable commercial judgment for purposes of avoiding loss and effective realization on effort or investment, complete the information and identify it to the contract, cease work on it, relicense or dispose of it, or proceed in any other commercially reasonable manner; and3\n\npursue any remedy for breach that has not been waived.b\n\nOn breach by a licensee, both parties remain bound by all contractual use terms, but the contractual use terms do not apply to information or copies properly received or obtained from another source.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":256937,"text":"On breach of contract by a licensee, the licensor may:","type":"section","prefixes":["a"],"prefix":"a","entire_prefix":"a","prefix_anchor":"a","level":1,"next_prefix":"a1"},"1":{"id":256938,"text":"identify to the contract any conforming copy not already identified if, at the time the licensor learned of the breach, the copy was in its possession;","type":"section","prefixes":["a","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"a1","prefix_anchor":"a1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a","next_prefix":"a2"},"2":{"id":256939,"text":"in the exercise of reasonable commercial judgment for purposes of avoiding loss and effective realization on effort or investment, complete the information and identify it to the contract, cease work on it, relicense or dispose of it, or proceed in any other commercially reasonable manner; and","type":"section","prefixes":["a","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"a2","prefix_anchor":"a2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a1","next_prefix":"a3"},"3":{"id":256940,"text":"pursue any remedy for breach that has not been waived.","type":"section","prefixes":["a","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"a3","prefix_anchor":"a3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a2","next_prefix":"b"},"4":{"id":256941,"text":"On breach by a licensee, both parties remain bound by all contractual use terms, but the contractual use terms do not apply to information or copies properly received or obtained from another source.","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"a3"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13931,"edition_id":1,"name":"Remedies","identifier":"8","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12900,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:20","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:20","permalink":{"id":262309,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13931,"identifier":"8","token":"59.1\/43\/8","url":"\/59.1\/43\/8\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12900,"edition_id":1,"name":"Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act","identifier":"43","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12809,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:00","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:00","permalink":{"id":261885,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12900,"identifier":"43","token":"59.1\/43","url":"\/59.1\/43\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12809,"edition_id":1,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:54","permalink":{"id":259521,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12809,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":63224,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.1","catch_line":"Remedies in general","url":"\/59.1-508.1\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.1","metadata":false},{"id":62869,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.10","catch_line":"Recoupment","url":"\/59.1-508.10\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.10","metadata":false},{"id":83172,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.11","catch_line":"Specific performance","url":"\/59.1-508.11\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.11","metadata":false},{"id":71286,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.12","catch_line":"Completing performance","url":"\/59.1-508.12\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.12","metadata":false},{"id":64039,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.13","catch_line":"Continuing use","url":"\/59.1-508.13\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.13","metadata":false},{"id":57350,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.14","catch_line":"Discontinuing access","url":"\/59.1-508.14\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.14","metadata":false},{"id":66526,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.15","catch_line":"Right to possession and to prevent use","url":"\/59.1-508.15\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.15","metadata":false},{"id":69891,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.16","catch_line":"Limitations on electronic self-help","url":"\/59.1-508.16\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.16","metadata":false},{"id":77443,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.17","catch_line":"Reserved","url":"\/59.1-508.17\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.17","metadata":false},{"id":75036,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.2","catch_line":"Cancellation","url":"\/59.1-508.2\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.2","metadata":false},{"id":64229,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.3","catch_line":"Contractual modification of remedy","url":"\/59.1-508.3\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.3","metadata":false},{"id":83760,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.4","catch_line":"Liquidation of damages","url":"\/59.1-508.4\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.4","metadata":false},{"id":75111,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.5","catch_line":"Limitation of actions","url":"\/59.1-508.5\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.5","metadata":false},{"id":73040,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.6","catch_line":"Remedies for fraud","url":"\/59.1-508.6\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.6","metadata":false},{"id":54986,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.7","catch_line":"Measurement of damages in general","url":"\/59.1-508.7\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.7","metadata":false},{"id":63047,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.8","catch_line":"Licensor's damages","url":"\/59.1-508.8\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.8","metadata":false},{"id":86801,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.9","catch_line":"Licensee's damages","url":"\/59.1-508.9\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":83172,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.11","catch_line":"Specific performance","url":"\/59.1-508.11\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.11","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":64039,"structure_id":13931,"section_number":"59.1-508.13","catch_line":"Continuing use","url":"\/59.1-508.13\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.13","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-508.12\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2000. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?001+ful+CHAP0101\">101<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?001+ful+CHAP0996\">996<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":[{"id":61883,"section_number":"59.1-507.9","catch_line":"Anticipatory repudiation","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-507.9\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":262323,"object_type":"law","relational_id":71286,"identifier":"59.1-508.12","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.12","url":"\/59.1-508.12\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-508.12\/","token":"59.1\/43\/8\/59.1-508.12","dublin_core":{"Title":"Completing performance","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-508.12","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"a\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">a.<\/span> On breach of <span class=\"dictionary\">contract<\/span> by a licensee, the licensor may: <a id=\"paragraph-256937\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-508.12\/#a\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"a1\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">1.<\/span> identify to the <span class=\"dictionary\">contract<\/span> any conforming copy not already identified if, at the time the licensor learned of the breach, the copy was in its <span class=\"dictionary\">possession<\/span>; <a id=\"paragraph-256938\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-508.12\/#a1\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"a2\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">2.<\/span> in the exercise of reasonable commercial <span class=\"dictionary\">judgment<\/span> for purposes of avoiding loss and effective realization on effort or investment, complete the information and identify it to the <span class=\"dictionary\">contract<\/span>, cease work on it, relicense or dispose of it, or proceed in any other commercially reasonable manner; and <a id=\"paragraph-256939\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-508.12\/#a2\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"a3\" class=\"indent-1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">3.<\/span> pursue any remedy for breach that has not been waived. <a id=\"paragraph-256940\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-508.12\/#a3\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"b\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">b.<\/span> On breach by a licensee, both parties remain bound by all contractual use terms, but the contractual use terms do not apply to information or copies properly received or obtained from another source. <a id=\"paragraph-256941\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-508.12\/#b\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCOMPLETING PERFORMANCE (\u00a7 59.1-508.12)\n\na. On breach of contract by a licensee, the licensor may:\n\n   1. identify to the contract any conforming copy not already identified if, at\n   the time the licensor learned of the breach, the copy was in its possession;\n\n   2. in the exercise of reasonable commercial judgment for purposes of avoiding\n   loss and effective realization on effort or investment, complete the\n   information and identify it to the contract, cease work on it, relicense or\n   dispose of it, or proceed in any other commercially reasonable manner; and\n\n   3. pursue any remedy for breach that has not been waived.\n\nb. On breach by a licensee, both parties remain bound by all contractual use\nterms, but the contractual use terms do not apply to information or copies\nproperly received or obtained from another source.\n\nHISTORY: 2000, cc. 101, 996.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}