{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/6.2-1627.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/6.2-1627.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/6.2-1627.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/6.2-1627.html"}],"law_id":73847,"edition_id":1,"section_id":73847,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1627","catch_line":"Private actions","history":"1987, c. 596, \u00a7 6.1-431; 2009, cc. 189, 261; 2010, c. 794; 2022, cc. 400, 401.","full_text":"A\n\nNothing in this chapter shall be construed to preclude any person who suffers loss as a result of a violation of Chapter 3 (&#xA7; 6.2-300 et seq.) or Chapter 4 (&#xA7; 6.2-400 et seq.) from maintaining an action to recover damages or restitution and, as provided by statute, attorney fees. However, in any matter in which the Attorney General has exercised his authority pursuant to &#xA7; 6.2-1626, an individual action shall not be maintainable if the individual has received damages or restitution pursuant to &#xA7; 6.2-1626.B\n\nA borrower who suffers a loss as a result of a mortgage broker&#8217;s breach of duty as set forth in subdivision B 5 of &#xA7; 6.2-1616 may bring an action against such broker to recover actual damages. In addition to any damages awarded, such borrower also may be awarded attorney fees and court costs.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":265531,"text":"Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to preclude any person who suffers loss as a result of a violation of Chapter 3 (&#xA7; 6.2-300 et seq.) or Chapter 4 (&#xA7; 6.2-400 et seq.) from maintaining an action to recover damages or restitution and, as provided by statute, attorney fees. However, in any matter in which the Attorney General has exercised his authority pursuant to &#xA7; 6.2-1626, an individual action shall not be maintainable if the individual has received damages or restitution pursuant to &#xA7; 6.2-1626.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":265532,"text":"A borrower who suffers a loss as a result of a mortgage broker&#8217;s breach of duty as set forth in subdivision B 5 of &#xA7; 6.2-1616 may bring an action against such broker to recover actual damages. In addition to any damages awarded, such borrower also may be awarded attorney fees and court costs.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13352,"edition_id":1,"name":"Mortgage Lenders and Mortgage Brokers","identifier":"16","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13060,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","permalink":{"id":266007,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13352,"identifier":"16","token":"6.2\/III\/16","url":"\/6.2\/III\/16\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13060,"edition_id":1,"name":"Other Regulated Providers of Financial Services","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12852,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:12","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:12","permalink":{"id":265721,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13060,"identifier":"III","token":"6.2\/III","url":"\/6.2\/III\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12852,"edition_id":1,"name":"Financial Institutions and Services","identifier":"6.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","permalink":{"id":263249,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12852,"identifier":"6.2","token":"6.2","url":"\/6.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":71155,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1600","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/6.2-1600\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1600","metadata":false},{"id":69139,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1601","catch_line":"License requirement","url":"\/6.2-1601\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1601","metadata":false},{"id":81765,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1602","catch_line":"Persons exempt from chapter","url":"\/6.2-1602\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1602","metadata":false},{"id":54762,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1603","catch_line":"Application for license; form; content; fee","url":"\/6.2-1603\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1603","metadata":false},{"id":59504,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1604","catch_line":"Bond required","url":"\/6.2-1604\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1604","metadata":false},{"id":54914,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1605","catch_line":"Investigation of applications","url":"\/6.2-1605\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1605","metadata":false},{"id":73062,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1606","catch_line":"Qualifications","url":"\/6.2-1606\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1606","metadata":false},{"id":81215,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1607","catch_line":"Licenses; places of business; changes","url":"\/6.2-1607\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1607","metadata":false},{"id":76246,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1608","catch_line":"Acquisition of control; application","url":"\/6.2-1608\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1608","metadata":false},{"id":54332,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1609","catch_line":"Retention of books, accounts and records","url":"\/6.2-1609\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1609","metadata":false},{"id":61819,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1610","catch_line":"Periodic reports","url":"\/6.2-1610\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1610","metadata":false},{"id":71555,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1611","catch_line":"Investigations; examinations","url":"\/6.2-1611\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1611","metadata":false},{"id":82309,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1612","catch_line":"Annual fees","url":"\/6.2-1612\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1612","metadata":false},{"id":66404,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1613","catch_line":"Regulations","url":"\/6.2-1613\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1613","metadata":false},{"id":61182,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1614","catch_line":"Prohibitions applicable to mortgage lenders and mortgage brokers","url":"\/6.2-1614\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1614","metadata":false},{"id":61213,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1615","catch_line":"Other prohibitions applicable to mortgage lenders","url":"\/6.2-1615\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1615","metadata":false},{"id":80723,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1616","catch_line":"Other prohibitions applicable to mortgage brokers","url":"\/6.2-1616\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1616","metadata":false},{"id":64232,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1617","catch_line":"Application to certain real estate brokers","url":"\/6.2-1617\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1617","metadata":false},{"id":58328,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1618","catch_line":"Escrow accounts","url":"\/6.2-1618\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1618","metadata":false},{"id":69878,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1619","catch_line":"Suspension or revocation of license","url":"\/6.2-1619\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1619","metadata":false},{"id":72499,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1620","catch_line":"Censuring, suspending, or barring persons","url":"\/6.2-1620\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1620","metadata":false},{"id":65038,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1621","catch_line":"Filing of written report with Commissioner; events affecting activities of licensee","url":"\/6.2-1621\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1621","metadata":false},{"id":61967,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1622","catch_line":"Cease and desist orders","url":"\/6.2-1622\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1622","metadata":false},{"id":85659,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1623","catch_line":"Notice of proposed suspension or revocation","url":"\/6.2-1623\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1623","metadata":false},{"id":70740,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1624","catch_line":"Civil penalties","url":"\/6.2-1624\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1624","metadata":false},{"id":82877,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1625","catch_line":"Criminal penalties","url":"\/6.2-1625\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1625","metadata":false},{"id":83877,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1626","catch_line":"Authority of Attorney General; referral by Commission to Attorney General","url":"\/6.2-1626\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1626","metadata":false},{"id":73847,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1627","catch_line":"Private actions","url":"\/6.2-1627\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1627","metadata":false},{"id":73955,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1628","catch_line":"Enforcement of prohibitions on certain practices; recovery of attorney fees","url":"\/6.2-1628\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1628","metadata":false},{"id":62961,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1629","catch_line":"Prohibited practices; authority of the Attorney General","url":"\/6.2-1629\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1629","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":83877,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1626","catch_line":"Authority of Attorney General; referral by Commission to Attorney General","url":"\/6.2-1626\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1626","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":73955,"structure_id":13352,"section_number":"6.2-1628","catch_line":"Enforcement of prohibitions on certain practices; recovery of attorney fees","url":"\/6.2-1628\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1628","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/6.2-1627\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1987. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 596 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1987 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 2009, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?091+ful+CHAP0189\">189<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?091+ful+CHAP0261\">261<\/a>; in 2010, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?101+ful+CHAP0794\">794<\/a>; in 2022, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?221+ful+CHAP0400\">400<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?221+ful+CHAP0401\">401<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":80723,"section_number":"6.2-1616","catch_line":"Other prohibitions applicable to mortgage brokers","order_by":null,"url":"\/6.2-1616\/"},{"id":83877,"section_number":"6.2-1626","catch_line":"Authority of Attorney General; referral by Commission to Attorney General","order_by":null,"url":"\/6.2-1626\/"},{"id":61230,"section_number":"6.2-300","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/6.2-300\/"},{"id":85650,"section_number":"6.2-400","catch_line":"Amount of late charge; when charge can be made","order_by":null,"url":"\/6.2-400\/"}],"permalink":{"id":266117,"object_type":"law","relational_id":73847,"identifier":"6.2-1627","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1627","url":"\/6.2-1627\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/6.2-1627\/","token":"6.2\/III\/16\/6.2-1627","dublin_core":{"Title":"Private actions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 6.2-1627","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to preclude any <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span> who suffers loss as a result of a violation of Chapter 3 (&#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Definitions\" href=\"\/6.2-300\/\">6.2-300<\/a> et seq.) or Chapter 4 (&#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Amount of late charge; when charge can be made\" href=\"\/6.2-400\/\">6.2-400<\/a> et seq.) from maintaining an action to recover <span class=\"dictionary\">damages<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">restitution<\/span> and, as provided by <span class=\"dictionary\">statute<\/span>, attorney fees. However, in any matter in which the <span class=\"dictionary\">Attorney General<\/span> has exercised his authority pursuant to &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Authority of Attorney General; referral by Commission to Attorney General\" href=\"\/6.2-1626\/\">6.2-1626<\/a>, an individual action shall not be maintainable if the individual has received <span class=\"dictionary\">damages<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">restitution<\/span> pursuant to &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Authority of Attorney General; referral by Commission to Attorney General\" href=\"\/6.2-1626\/\">6.2-1626<\/a>. <a id=\"paragraph-265531\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/6.2-1627\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> A borrower who suffers a loss as a result of a <span class=\"dictionary\">mortgage broker<\/span>&#8217;s breach of duty as set forth in subdivision B 5 of &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Other prohibitions applicable to mortgage brokers\" href=\"\/6.2-1616\/\">6.2-1616<\/a> may bring an action against such broker to recover actual <span class=\"dictionary\">damages<\/span>. In addition to any <span class=\"dictionary\">damages<\/span> awarded, such borrower also may be awarded attorney fees and <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> costs. <a id=\"paragraph-265532\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/6.2-1627\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPRIVATE ACTIONS (\u00a7 6.2-1627)\n\nA. Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to preclude any person who suffers\nloss as a result of a violation of Chapter 3 (&#xA7; 6.2-300 et seq.) or Chapter\n4 (&#xA7; 6.2-400 et seq.) from maintaining an action to recover damages or\nrestitution and, as provided by statute, attorney fees. However, in any matter\nin which the Attorney General has exercised his authority pursuant to &#xA7;\n6.2-1626, an individual action shall not be maintainable if the individual has\nreceived damages or restitution pursuant to &#xA7; 6.2-1626.\n\nB. A borrower who suffers a loss as a result of a mortgage broker&#8217;s breach\nof duty as set forth in subdivision B 5 of &#xA7; 6.2-1616 may bring an action\nagainst such broker to recover actual damages. In addition to any damages\nawarded, such borrower also may be awarded attorney fees and court costs.\n\nHISTORY: 1987, c. 596, \u00a7 6.1-431; 2009, cc. 189, 261; 2010, c. 794; 2022, cc.\n400, 401.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}