{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/6.2-938.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/6.2-938.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/6.2-938.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/6.2-938.html"}],"law_id":63864,"edition_id":1,"section_id":63864,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-938","catch_line":"Engaging in banking business without authority; Commission may examine accounts of suspected person; penalty","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 6-133; 1966, c. 584, \u00a7 6.1-111; 1992, c. 136; 1994, c. 7; 2010, c. 794.","full_text":"A\n\nEvery person who trades or deals as a bank, or carries on banking, without authority of law, and their officers and agents, is guilty of a Class 6 felony.B\n\nThe Commission shall have authority to examine the accounts, books, and papers of any person who it has reason to suspect is doing a banking business, in order to ascertain whether such person has violated, or is violating, any provision of this title. The refusal to submit such accounts, books, and papers shall be prima facie evidence of such violation.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":232620,"text":"Every person who trades or deals as a bank, or carries on banking, without authority of law, and their officers and agents, is guilty of a Class 6 felony.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":232621,"text":"The Commission shall have authority to examine the accounts, books, and papers of any person who it has reason to suspect is doing a banking business, in order to ascertain whether such person has violated, or is violating, any provision of this title. The refusal to submit such accounts, books, and papers shall be prima facie evidence of such violation.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15097,"edition_id":1,"name":"Banking Offenses","identifier":"15","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13791,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:52:07","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:52:07","permalink":{"id":265307,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15097,"identifier":"15","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15","url":"\/6.2\/II\/8\/15\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13791,"edition_id":1,"name":"Banks","identifier":"8","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13000,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:53","permalink":{"id":265065,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13791,"identifier":"8","token":"6.2\/II\/8","url":"\/6.2\/II\/8\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13000,"edition_id":1,"name":"Depository Institutions and Trust Organizations","identifier":"II","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12852,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:07","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:07","permalink":{"id":263685,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13000,"identifier":"II","token":"6.2\/II","url":"\/6.2\/II\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12852,"edition_id":1,"name":"Financial Institutions and Services","identifier":"6.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:56","permalink":{"id":263249,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12852,"identifier":"6.2","token":"6.2","url":"\/6.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":63864,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-938","catch_line":"Engaging in banking business without authority; Commission may examine accounts of suspected person; penalty","url":"\/6.2-938\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-938","metadata":false},{"id":63908,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-939","catch_line":"Unlawful use of terms indicating that business is bank; penalty","url":"\/6.2-939\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-939","metadata":false},{"id":62194,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-940","catch_line":"Making derogatory statements affecting banks; penalty","url":"\/6.2-940\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-940","metadata":false},{"id":57525,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-941","catch_line":"Use of bank name, logo, or symbol for marketing purposes; penalty","url":"\/6.2-941\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-941","metadata":false},{"id":57751,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-942","catch_line":"False certification of checks; penalty","url":"\/6.2-942\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-942","metadata":false},{"id":82686,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-943","catch_line":"Offenses by officer, director, agent, or employee of bank; penalties","url":"\/6.2-943\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-943","metadata":false},{"id":75692,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-944","catch_line":"Officers, directors, agents, and employees violating or causing bank to violate laws; civil liability not affected","url":"\/6.2-944\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-944","metadata":false},{"id":76241,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-945","catch_line":"Receiving deposit knowing bank to be insolvent; penalty","url":"\/6.2-945\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-945","metadata":false},{"id":71872,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-946","catch_line":"Civil penalties for violation of Commission's orders","url":"\/6.2-946\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-946","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":63908,"structure_id":15097,"section_number":"6.2-939","catch_line":"Unlawful use of terms indicating that business is bank; penalty","url":"\/6.2-939\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-939","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/6.2-938\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 4 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1966, chapter 584; in 1992, chapter 136; in 1994, chapter 7<\/a>; in 2010, chapter 794<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":265309,"object_type":"law","relational_id":63864,"identifier":"6.2-938","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-938","url":"\/6.2-938\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/6.2-938\/","token":"6.2\/II\/8\/15\/6.2-938","dublin_core":{"Title":"Engaging in banking business without authority; Commission may examine accounts of suspected person; penalty","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 6.2-938","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Every person<\/span> who trades or deals as a bank<\/span>, or carries on banking, without authority of law<\/span>, and their officers and agents, is guilty of a Class 6 felony<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> The Commission<\/span> shall have authority to examine the accounts, books, and papers of any person<\/span> who it has reason to suspect is doing a banking business, in order<\/span> to ascertain whether such person<\/span> has violated, or is violating, any provision of this title. The refusal to submit such accounts, books, and papers shall be prima facie evidence<\/span> of such violation. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nENGAGING IN BANKING BUSINESS WITHOUT AUTHORITY; COMMISSION MAY EXAMINE ACCOUNTS\nOF SUSPECTED PERSON; PENALTY (\u00a7 6.2-938)\n\nA. Every person who trades or deals as a bank, or carries on banking, without\nauthority of law, and their officers and agents, is guilty of a Class 6 felony.\n\nB. The Commission shall have authority to examine the accounts, books, and\npapers of any person who it has reason to suspect is doing a banking business,\nin order to ascertain whether such person has violated, or is violating, any\nprovision of this title. The refusal to submit such accounts, books, and papers\nshall be prima facie evidence of such violation.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 6-133; 1966, c. 584, \u00a7 6.1-111; 1992, c. 136; 1994, c.\n7; 2010, c. 794.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}