{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/63.2-1923.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/63.2-1923.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/63.2-1923.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/63.2-1923.html"}],"law_id":69701,"edition_id":1,"section_id":69701,"structure_id":13468,"section_number":"63.2-1923","catch_line":"Immediate withholding from income; exception; notices required","history":"1988, c. 906, \u00a7 63.1-258.1; 1990, c. 896; 1991, c. 334; 1995, c. 714; 1997, cc. 648, 663; 1998, c. 727; 2002, c. 747; 2003, c. 469; 2015, c. 52; 2016, c. 29.","full_text":"A\n\nEvery administrative support order directing a noncustodial parent to pay child or child and spousal support shall provide for immediate income withholding from the noncustodial parent’s income as defined in § 63.2-1900 of an amount for current support plus an amount to be applied toward liquidation of arrearages, if any, unless the obligor and the Department, on behalf of the obligee, agree to a written alternative payment arrangement, or good cause is shown. Good cause shall be based upon a written determination that, and explanation by the Department of why, implementing immediate withholding would not be in the best interests of the child. The total amount withheld shall not exceed the maximum amount permitted under § 34-29.B\n\nThe order shall include, but not be limited to, notice (i) of the amount that will be withheld, (ii) that the withholding applies to any current or subsequent period of employment, (iii) of the right to contest whether a duty of support is owed and the information specified in the administrative order is correct, (iv) that a written request to appeal the withholding shall be made to the Department within 10 days of receipt of the notice, and (v) of the actions that will be taken by the Department if an appeal is noted, which shall include the opportunity to present his objections to the administrative hearing officer at a hearing held pursuant to § 63.2-1942. Upon service of the order on the employer by first-class or certified mail, by electronic means, or by service in accordance with the provisions of § 8.01-296, 8.01-327 or 8.01-329, the employer shall deliver the order to the noncustodial parent.C\n\nThe noncustodial parent’s employer shall be issued by first-class or certified mail or by electronic means, including facsimile transmission, an administrative order for withholding of income which shall conform to § 20-79.3. The rights and responsibilities of an employer with respect to such orders are set out in § 20-79.3.D\n\nAdministrative orders for withholding from income shall be promptly terminated or modified by the Department when (i) the obligation to support has been satisfied and arrearages have been paid, (ii) the whereabouts of the child or child and custodial parent become unknown, or (iii) modification is appropriate because of a change in the amount of the obligation.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":251981,"text":"Every administrative support order directing a noncustodial parent to pay child or child and spousal support shall provide for immediate income withholding from the noncustodial parent’s income as defined in § 63.2-1900 of an amount for current support plus an amount to be applied toward liquidation of arrearages, if any, unless the obligor and the Department, on behalf of the obligee, agree to a written alternative payment arrangement, or good cause is shown. Good cause shall be based upon a written determination that, and explanation by the Department of why, implementing immediate withholding would not be in the best interests of the child. The total amount withheld shall not exceed the maximum amount permitted under § 34-29.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":251982,"text":"The order shall include, but not be limited to, notice (i) of the amount that will be withheld, (ii) that the withholding applies to any current or subsequent period of employment, (iii) of the right to contest whether a duty of support is owed and the information specified in the administrative order is correct, (iv) that a written request to appeal the withholding shall be made to the Department within 10 days of receipt of the notice, and (v) of the actions that will be taken by the Department if an appeal is noted, which shall include the opportunity to present his objections to the administrative hearing officer at a hearing held pursuant to § 63.2-1942. Upon service of the order on the employer by first-class or certified mail, by electronic means, or by service in accordance with the provisions of § 8.01-296, 8.01-327 or 8.01-329, the employer shall deliver the order to the noncustodial parent.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":251983,"text":"The noncustodial parent’s employer shall be issued by first-class or certified mail or by electronic means, including facsimile transmission, an administrative order for withholding of income which shall conform to § 20-79.3. The rights and responsibilities of an employer with respect to such orders are set out in § 20-79.3.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":251984,"text":"Administrative orders for withholding from income shall be promptly terminated or modified by the Department when (i) the obligation to support has been satisfied and arrearages have been paid, (ii) the whereabouts of the child or child and custodial parent become unknown, or (iii) modification is appropriate because of a change in the amount of the obligation.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13468,"edition_id":1,"name":"Income Withholding","identifier":"5","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12835,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:57","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:57","permalink":{"id":272585,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13468,"identifier":"5","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5","url":"\/63.2\/V\/19\/5\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12835,"edition_id":1,"name":"Child Support Enforcement","identifier":"19","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12834,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":272433,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12835,"identifier":"19","token":"63.2\/V\/19","url":"\/63.2\/V\/19\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12834,"edition_id":1,"name":"Administrative Child Support","identifier":"V","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12789,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:55","permalink":{"id":272431,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12834,"identifier":"V","token":"63.2\/V","url":"\/63.2\/V\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12789,"edition_id":1,"name":"Welfare (Social Services)","identifier":"63.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:53","permalink":{"id":270661,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12789,"identifier":"63.2","token":"63.2","url":"\/63.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":69701,"structure_id":13468,"section_number":"63.2-1923","catch_line":"Immediate withholding from income; exception; notices required","url":"\/63.2-1923\/","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5\/63.2-1923","metadata":false},{"id":74827,"structure_id":13468,"section_number":"63.2-1924","catch_line":"Withholding from income; default of administrative or judicial support order; notices required; priorities; orders from other states","url":"\/63.2-1924\/","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5\/63.2-1924","metadata":false},{"id":79512,"structure_id":13468,"section_number":"63.2-1924.1","catch_line":"Health care coverage; National Medical Support Notice","url":"\/63.2-1924.1\/","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5\/63.2-1924.1","metadata":false},{"id":79080,"structure_id":13468,"section_number":"63.2-1925","catch_line":"Certain amount of income that may be withheld by lien or order","url":"\/63.2-1925\/","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5\/63.2-1925","metadata":false},{"id":54433,"structure_id":13468,"section_number":"63.2-1926","catch_line":"Withholding pursuant to foreign support order","url":"\/63.2-1926\/","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5\/63.2-1926","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":74827,"structure_id":13468,"section_number":"63.2-1924","catch_line":"Withholding from income; default of administrative or judicial support order; notices required; priorities; orders from other states","url":"\/63.2-1924\/","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5\/63.2-1924","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/63.2-1923\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1988. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 906 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1988 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 9 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1990, chapter 896; in 1991, chapter 334; in 1995, chapter 714<\/a>; in 1997, chapters 648<\/a> and 663<\/a>; in 1998, chapter 727<\/a>; in 2002, chapter 747<\/a>; in 2003, chapter 469<\/a>; in 2015, chapter 52<\/a>; in 2016, chapter 29<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":54433,"section_number":"63.2-1926","catch_line":"Withholding pursuant to foreign support order","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-1926\/"},{"id":67402,"section_number":"63.2-1929","catch_line":"Orders to withhold and to deliver property of debtor; issuance and service; contents; right to appeal; answer; effect; delivery of property; bond to release; fee; exemptions","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-1929\/"},{"id":64287,"section_number":"63.2-1930","catch_line":"Civil liability upon failure to comply with lien, order, etc","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-1930\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":77212,"section_number":"20-79.3","catch_line":"Information required in income deduction order","order_by":null,"url":"\/20-79.3\/"},{"id":54048,"section_number":"63.2-1900","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-1900\/"},{"id":84160,"section_number":"63.2-1942","catch_line":"Administrative hearing on notice of debt; withholdings; orders to withhold and deliver property to debtor; set-off debt collection","order_by":null,"url":"\/63.2-1942\/"},{"id":57169,"section_number":"8.01-296","catch_line":"Manner of serving process upon natural persons","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-296\/"},{"id":83256,"section_number":"8.01-327","catch_line":"Acceptance of service of process","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-327\/"},{"id":64837,"section_number":"8.01-329","catch_line":"Service of process or notice; service on Secretary of Commonwealth","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-329\/"}],"permalink":{"id":272587,"object_type":"law","relational_id":69701,"identifier":"63.2-1923","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5\/63.2-1923","url":"\/63.2-1923\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/63.2-1923\/","token":"63.2\/V\/19\/5\/63.2-1923","dublin_core":{"Title":"Immediate withholding from income; exception; notices required","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 63.2-1923","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Every administrative support order<\/span> directing a noncustodial parent<\/span> to pay child<\/span> or child<\/span> and spousal support shall provide for immediate income<\/span> withholding from the noncustodial parent<\/span>’s income<\/span> as defined in § 63.2-1900<\/a> of an amount for current support plus an amount to be applied toward liquidation<\/span> of arrearages, if any, unless the obligor<\/span> and the Department<\/span>, on behalf of the obligee<\/span>, agree to a written alternative payment arrangement, or good cause is shown. Good cause shall be based upon a written determination that, and explanation by the Department<\/span> of why, implementing immediate withholding would not be in the best interests of the child<\/span>. The total amount withheld shall not exceed the maximum amount permitted under § 34-29<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> The order shall include, but not be limited to, notice (i) of the amount that will be withheld, (ii) that the withholding applies to any current or subsequent period of employment<\/span>, (iii) of the right to contest whether a duty of support is owed and the information specified in the administrative order<\/span> is correct, (iv) that a written request to appeal<\/span> the withholding shall be made to the Department<\/span> within 10 days of receipt of the notice, and (v) of the actions that will be taken by the Department<\/span> if an appeal<\/span> is noted, which shall include the opportunity to present his objections to the administrative hearing<\/span> officer at a hearing<\/span> held pursuant to § 63.2-1942<\/a>. Upon service of the order on the employer<\/span> by first-class or certified mail, by electronic means<\/span>, or by service in accordance with the provisions of § 8.01-296<\/a>, 8.01-327<\/a> or 8.01-329<\/a>, the employer<\/span> shall deliver the order to the noncustodial parent<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> The noncustodial parent<\/span>’s employer<\/span> shall be issued by first-class or certified mail or by electronic means<\/span>, including facsimile transmission, an administrative order<\/span> for withholding of income<\/span> which shall conform to § 20-79.3<\/a>. The rights and responsibilities of an employer<\/span> with respect to such orders<\/span> are set out in § 20-79.3<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> Administrative orders<\/span> for withholding from income<\/span> shall be promptly terminated or modified by the Department<\/span> when (i) the obligation to support has been satisfied and arrearages have been paid, (ii) the whereabouts of the child<\/span> or child<\/span> and custodial parent<\/span> become unknown, or (iii) modification is appropriate because of a change in the amount of the obligation. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nIMMEDIATE WITHHOLDING FROM INCOME; EXCEPTION; NOTICES REQUIRED (\u00a7 63.2-1923)\n\nA. Every administrative support order directing a noncustodial parent to pay\nchild or child and spousal support shall provide for immediate income\nwithholding from the noncustodial parent’s income as defined in §\n63.2-1900 of an amount for current support plus an amount to be applied toward\nliquidation of arrearages, if any, unless the obligor and the Department, on\nbehalf of the obligee, agree to a written alternative payment arrangement, or\ngood cause is shown. Good cause shall be based upon a written determination\nthat, and explanation by the Department of why, implementing immediate\nwithholding would not be in the best interests of the child. The total amount\nwithheld shall not exceed the maximum amount permitted under § 34-29.\n\nB. The order shall include, but not be limited to, notice (i) of the amount that\nwill be withheld, (ii) that the withholding applies to any current or subsequent\nperiod of employment, (iii) of the right to contest whether a duty of support is\nowed and the information specified in the administrative order is correct, (iv)\nthat a written request to appeal the withholding shall be made to the Department\nwithin 10 days of receipt of the notice, and (v) of the actions that will be\ntaken by the Department if an appeal is noted, which shall include the\nopportunity to present his objections to the administrative hearing officer at a\nhearing held pursuant to § 63.2-1942. Upon service of the order on the\nemployer by first-class or certified mail, by electronic means, or by service in\naccordance with the provisions of § 8.01-296, 8.01-327 or 8.01-329, the\nemployer shall deliver the order to the noncustodial parent.\n\nC. The noncustodial parent’s employer shall be issued by first-class or\ncertified mail or by electronic means, including facsimile transmission, an\nadministrative order for withholding of income which shall conform to §\n20-79.3. The rights and responsibilities of an employer with respect to such\norders are set out in § 20-79.3.\n\nD. Administrative orders for withholding from income shall be promptly\nterminated or modified by the Department when (i) the obligation to support has\nbeen satisfied and arrearages have been paid, (ii) the whereabouts of the child\nor child and custodial parent become unknown, or (iii) modification is\nappropriate because of a change in the amount of the obligation.\n\nHISTORY: 1988, c. 906, \u00a7 63.1-258.1; 1990, c. 896; 1991, c. 334; 1995, c. 714;\n1997, cc. 648, 663; 1998, c. 727; 2002, c. 747; 2003, c. 469; 2015, c. 52; 2016,\nc. 29.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}