{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/64.2-792.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/64.2-792.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/64.2-792.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/64.2-792.html"}],"law_id":84224,"edition_id":1,"section_id":84224,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-792","catch_line":"Remedies for breach of trust","history":"2005, c. 935, \u00a7 55-550.01; 2012, c. 614.","full_text":"A\n\nA violation by a trustee of a duty the trustee owes to a beneficiary is a breach of trust.B\n\nTo remedy a breach of trust that has occurred or may occur, the court may:1\n\nCompel the trustee to perform the trustee’s duties;2\n\nEnjoin the trustee from committing a breach of trust;3\n\nCompel the trustee to redress a breach of trust by paying money, restoring property, or other means;4\n\nOrder a trustee to account;5\n\nAppoint a special fiduciary to take possession of the trust property and administer the trust;6\n\nSuspend the trustee;7\n\nRemove the trustee as provided in § 64.2-759;8\n\nReduce or deny compensation to the trustee;9\n\nSubject to § 64.2-803, void an act of the trustee, impose a lien or a constructive trust on trust property, or trace trust property wrongfully disposed of and recover the property or its proceeds; or10\n\nOrder any other appropriate relief.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":301877,"text":"A violation by a trustee of a duty the trustee owes to a beneficiary is a breach of trust.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":301878,"text":"To remedy a breach of trust that has occurred or may occur, the court may:","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"B1"},"2":{"id":301879,"text":"Compel the trustee to perform the trustee’s duties;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"B1","prefix_anchor":"B1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"B2"},"3":{"id":301880,"text":"Enjoin the trustee from committing a breach of trust;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"B2","prefix_anchor":"B2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B1","next_prefix":"B3"},"4":{"id":301881,"text":"Compel the trustee to redress a breach of trust by paying money, restoring property, or other means;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"B3","prefix_anchor":"B3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B2","next_prefix":"B4"},"5":{"id":301882,"text":"Order a trustee to account;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"B4","prefix_anchor":"B4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B3","next_prefix":"B5"},"6":{"id":301883,"text":"Appoint a special fiduciary to take possession of the trust property and administer the trust;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"B5","prefix_anchor":"B5","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B4","next_prefix":"B6"},"7":{"id":301884,"text":"Suspend the trustee;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"B6","prefix_anchor":"B6","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B5","next_prefix":"B7"},"8":{"id":301885,"text":"Remove the trustee as provided in § 64.2-759;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"B7","prefix_anchor":"B7","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B6","next_prefix":"B8"},"9":{"id":301886,"text":"Reduce or deny compensation to the trustee;","type":"section","prefixes":["B","8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"B8","prefix_anchor":"B8","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B7","next_prefix":"B9"},"10":{"id":301887,"text":"Subject to § 64.2-803, void an act of the trustee, impose a lien or a constructive trust on trust property, or trace trust property wrongfully disposed of and recover the property or its proceeds; or","type":"section","prefixes":["B","9"],"prefix":"9","entire_prefix":"B9","prefix_anchor":"B9","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B8","next_prefix":"B10"},"11":{"id":301888,"text":"Order any other appropriate relief.","type":"section","prefixes":["B","10"],"prefix":"10","entire_prefix":"B10","prefix_anchor":"B10","level":2,"prior_prefix":"B9"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14530,"edition_id":1,"name":"Liability of Trustees and Rights of Persons Dealing With Trustee","identifier":"10","label":"article","depth":4,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12725,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:48:32","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:48:32","permalink":{"id":274151,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14530,"identifier":"10","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10","url":"\/64.2\/III\/7\/10\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12725,"edition_id":1,"name":"Uniform Trust Code","identifier":"7","label":"chapter","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12724,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","permalink":{"id":274107,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12725,"identifier":"7","token":"64.2\/III\/7","url":"\/64.2\/III\/7\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12724,"edition_id":1,"name":"Trusts","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12723,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","permalink":{"id":273811,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12724,"identifier":"III","token":"64.2\/III","url":"\/64.2\/III\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12723,"edition_id":1,"name":"Wills, Trusts, and Fiduciaries","identifier":"64.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:50","permalink":{"id":272781,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12723,"identifier":"64.2","token":"64.2","url":"\/64.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":84224,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-792","catch_line":"Remedies for breach of trust","url":"\/64.2-792\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-792","metadata":false},{"id":62262,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-793","catch_line":"Damages for breach of trust","url":"\/64.2-793\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-793","metadata":false},{"id":76848,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-794","catch_line":"Damages in absence of breach","url":"\/64.2-794\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-794","metadata":false},{"id":71141,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-795","catch_line":"Attorney fees and costs","url":"\/64.2-795\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-795","metadata":false},{"id":59874,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-796","catch_line":"Limitation of action against trustee","url":"\/64.2-796\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-796","metadata":false},{"id":81524,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-797","catch_line":"Reliance on trust instrument","url":"\/64.2-797\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-797","metadata":false},{"id":61077,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-798","catch_line":"Event affecting administration or distribution","url":"\/64.2-798\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-798","metadata":false},{"id":55970,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-799","catch_line":"Exculpation of trustee","url":"\/64.2-799\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-799","metadata":false},{"id":79308,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-800","catch_line":"Beneficiary's consent, release, or ratification","url":"\/64.2-800\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-800","metadata":false},{"id":81265,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-801","catch_line":"Limitation on personal liability of trustee","url":"\/64.2-801\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-801","metadata":false},{"id":61556,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-802","catch_line":"Interest as general partner","url":"\/64.2-802\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-802","metadata":false},{"id":85139,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-803","catch_line":"Protection of person dealing with trustee","url":"\/64.2-803\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-803","metadata":false},{"id":64879,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-804","catch_line":"Certification of trust","url":"\/64.2-804\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-804","metadata":false}],"next_section":{"id":62262,"structure_id":14530,"section_number":"64.2-793","catch_line":"Damages for breach of trust","url":"\/64.2-793\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-793","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/64.2-792\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2005. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 935<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2012, chapter 614<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":66868,"section_number":"64.2-1037","catch_line":"Judicial review of exercise of discretionary power; request for instruction","order_by":null,"url":"\/64.2-1037\/"},{"id":66828,"section_number":"64.2-759","catch_line":"Removal of trustee","order_by":null,"url":"\/64.2-759\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":66828,"section_number":"64.2-759","catch_line":"Removal of trustee","order_by":null,"url":"\/64.2-759\/"},{"id":85139,"section_number":"64.2-803","catch_line":"Protection of person dealing with trustee","order_by":null,"url":"\/64.2-803\/"}],"permalink":{"id":274153,"object_type":"law","relational_id":84224,"identifier":"64.2-792","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-792","url":"\/64.2-792\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/64.2-792\/","token":"64.2\/III\/7\/10\/64.2-792","dublin_core":{"Title":"Remedies for breach of trust","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 64.2-792","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> A violation by a trustee<\/span> of a duty the trustee<\/span> owes to a beneficiary<\/span> is a breach of trust. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> To remedy a breach of trust that has occurred or may occur, the court<\/span> may: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Compel the trustee<\/span> to perform the trustee<\/span>’s duties; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Enjoin the trustee<\/span> from committing a breach of trust; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Compel the trustee<\/span> to redress a breach of trust by paying money, restoring property<\/span>, or other means; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Order<\/span> a trustee<\/span> to account; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Appoint a special fiduciary<\/span> to take possession<\/span> of the trust property<\/span> and administer the trust; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> Suspend the trustee<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

7.<\/span> Remove the trustee<\/span> as provided in § 64.2-759<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

8.<\/span> Reduce or deny compensation to the trustee<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

9.<\/span> Subject to § 64.2-803<\/a>, void an act of the trustee<\/span>, impose a lien<\/span> or a constructive trust on trust property<\/span>, or trace trust property<\/span> wrongfully disposed of and recover the property<\/span> or its proceeds; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

10.<\/span> Order<\/span> any other appropriate relief. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nREMEDIES FOR BREACH OF TRUST (\u00a7 64.2-792)\n\nA. A violation by a trustee of a duty the trustee owes to a beneficiary is a\nbreach of trust.\n\nB. To remedy a breach of trust that has occurred or may occur, the court may:\n\n 1. Compel the trustee to perform the trustee’s duties;\n\n 2. Enjoin the trustee from committing a breach of trust;\n\n 3. Compel the trustee to redress a breach of trust by paying money, restoring\n property, or other means;\n\n 4. Order a trustee to account;\n\n 5. Appoint a special fiduciary to take possession of the trust property and\n administer the trust;\n\n 6. Suspend the trustee;\n\n 7. Remove the trustee as provided in § 64.2-759;\n\n 8. Reduce or deny compensation to the trustee;\n\n 9. Subject to § 64.2-803, void an act of the trustee, impose a lien or a\n constructive trust on trust property, or trace trust property wrongfully\n disposed of and recover the property or its proceeds; or\n\n 10. Order any other appropriate relief.\n\nHISTORY: 2005, c. 935, \u00a7 55-550.01; 2012, c. 614.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}