{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.01-220.1_1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.01-220.1_1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.01-220.1_1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.01-220.1_1.html"}],"law_id":63670,"edition_id":1,"section_id":63670,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-220.1:1","catch_line":"Civil immunity for officers, partners, members, managers, trustees and directors of certain tax exempt organizations","history":"1987, c. 637; 1988, c. 566; 2005, c. 255; 2011, cc. 693, 704.","full_text":"A\n\nDirectors, partners, members, managers, trustees and officers of organizations exempt from income taxation under § 501(c) or § 528 of the Internal Revenue Code who serve without compensation shall be immune from civil liability for acts taken in their capacities as officers, partners, members, managers, trustees or directors of such organizations.B\n\nIn any proceeding against a director, partner, member, manager, trustee or officer of an organization exempt from income taxation under § 501(c) or § 528 of the Internal Revenue Code who receives compensation, the damages assessed for acts taken in his capacity as an officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director and arising out of a single transaction, occurrence or course of conduct shall not exceed the amount of compensation received by the officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director during the 12 months immediately preceding the act or omission for which liability was imposed. As used herein “compensation” shall mean payment for services over and above per diem and expenses.C\n\nThe liability of an officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director shall not be limited as provided in this section if the officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director engaged in willful misconduct or a knowing violation of the criminal law or if liability derives from the operation of a motor vehicle, or from the violation of a fiduciary obligation imposed during the period of declarant control by § 55.1-1943.D\n\nThe immunity provided by this section shall survive any termination, cancellation, or other discontinuance of the organization.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":231912,"text":"Directors, partners, members, managers, trustees and officers of organizations exempt from income taxation under § 501(c) or § 528 of the Internal Revenue Code who serve without compensation shall be immune from civil liability for acts taken in their capacities as officers, partners, members, managers, trustees or directors of such organizations.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":231913,"text":"In any proceeding against a director, partner, member, manager, trustee or officer of an organization exempt from income taxation under § 501(c) or § 528 of the Internal Revenue Code who receives compensation, the damages assessed for acts taken in his capacity as an officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director and arising out of a single transaction, occurrence or course of conduct shall not exceed the amount of compensation received by the officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director during the 12 months immediately preceding the act or omission for which liability was imposed. As used herein “compensation” shall mean payment for services over and above per diem and expenses.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":231914,"text":"The liability of an officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director shall not be limited as provided in this section if the officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director engaged in willful misconduct or a knowing violation of the criminal law or if liability derives from the operation of a motor vehicle, or from the violation of a fiduciary obligation imposed during the period of declarant control by § 55.1-1943.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B","next_prefix":"D"},"3":{"id":231915,"text":"The immunity provided by this section shall survive any termination, cancellation, or other discontinuance of the organization.","type":"section","prefixes":["D"],"prefix":"D","entire_prefix":"D","prefix_anchor":"D","level":1,"prior_prefix":"C"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13673,"edition_id":1,"name":"Miscellaneous Provisions","identifier":"21","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12886,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:45:31","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:45:31","permalink":{"id":280429,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13673,"identifier":"21","token":"8.01\/3\/21","url":"\/8.01\/3\/21\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12886,"edition_id":1,"name":"Actions","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12747,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","permalink":{"id":279635,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12886,"identifier":"3","token":"8.01\/3","url":"\/8.01\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12747,"edition_id":1,"name":"Civil Remedies and Procedure","identifier":"8.01","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":277029,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12747,"identifier":"8.01","token":"8.01","url":"\/8.01\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":85637,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-218","catch_line":"Replevin abolished","url":"\/8.01-218\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-218","metadata":false},{"id":63478,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-219","catch_line":"Effect of judgment in trover","url":"\/8.01-219\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-219","metadata":false},{"id":69240,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-219.1","catch_line":"Responsibility of possessor of real property for harm to 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actions","url":"\/8.01-220.1_5\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-220.1_5","metadata":false},{"id":61070,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-220.2","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/8.01-220.2\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-220.2","metadata":false},{"id":70962,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-221","catch_line":"Damages from violation of statute, remedy therefor and penalty","url":"\/8.01-221\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-221","metadata":false},{"id":81058,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-221.1","catch_line":"Unestablished business damages; lost profits","url":"\/8.01-221.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-221.1","metadata":false},{"id":69806,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-221.2","catch_line":"Rescission; undue influence; attorney 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actions for damages from blasting, etc","url":"\/8.01-224\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-224","metadata":false},{"id":72312,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-225","catch_line":"Persons rendering emergency care, obstetrical services exempt from liability","url":"\/8.01-225\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-225","metadata":false},{"id":86816,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-225.01","catch_line":"Certain immunity for health care providers during disasters under specific circumstances","url":"\/8.01-225.01\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-225.01","metadata":false},{"id":54649,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-225.02","catch_line":"Certain liability protection for health care providers during disasters","url":"\/8.01-225.02\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-225.02","metadata":false},{"id":74491,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-225.03","catch_line":"Certain immunity for certain hospices, home care organizations, private providers, assisted living facilities, and adult day centers during a disaster under specific circumstances","url":"\/8.01-225.03\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-225.03","metadata":false},{"id":79175,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-225.1","catch_line":"Immunity for team physicians","url":"\/8.01-225.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-225.1","metadata":false},{"id":59977,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-225.2","catch_line":"Immunity for those rendering emergency care to animals","url":"\/8.01-225.2\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-225.2","metadata":false},{"id":63782,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-225.3","catch_line":"Immunity for volunteer first responders en route to an emergency","url":"\/8.01-225.3\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-225.3","metadata":false},{"id":61793,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226","catch_line":"Duty of care to law-enforcement officers, firefighters, 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mold","url":"\/8.01-226.12\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.12","metadata":false},{"id":55958,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226.13","catch_line":"Limited standing to seek injunctive relief against manufacturing companies","url":"\/8.01-226.13\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.13","metadata":false},{"id":55544,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226.2","catch_line":"Civil immunity for licensed professional engineers and licensed architects participating in rescue or relief assistance","url":"\/8.01-226.2\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.2","metadata":false},{"id":61582,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226.3","catch_line":"Civil immunity for officers, directors and members of certain crime information-gathering organizations","url":"\/8.01-226.3\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.3","metadata":false},{"id":82193,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226.4","catch_line":"Civil immunity for hospice 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infants","url":"\/8.01-226.5_2\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.5_2","metadata":false},{"id":67620,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226.6","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/8.01-226.6\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.6","metadata":false},{"id":79443,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226.7","catch_line":"Owner and agent compliance with residential lead-based paint notification; maintenance immunity","url":"\/8.01-226.7\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.7","metadata":false},{"id":76775,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226.8","catch_line":"Civil immunity for public and nonprofit corporation officials and private volunteers participating in certain programs for probationers","url":"\/8.01-226.8\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.8","metadata":false},{"id":81275,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-226.9","catch_line":"Exemption from civil liability in connection with arrest or detention of person suspected of shoplifting","url":"\/8.01-226.9\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-226.9","metadata":false},{"id":67597,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-227","catch_line":"Remedy by motion on certain bonds given or taken by officers; notice","url":"\/8.01-227\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-227","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":81694,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-220.1","catch_line":"Defense of interspousal immunity abolished as to certain causes of action arising on or after July 1, 1981","url":"\/8.01-220.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-220.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":63952,"structure_id":13673,"section_number":"8.01-220.1:2","catch_line":"Civil immunity for teachers under certain circumstances","url":"\/8.01-220.1_2\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-220.1_2","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-220.1:1\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1987. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 637 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1987 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1988, chapter 566; in 2005, chapter 255<\/a>; in 2011, chapters 693<\/a> and 704<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":280451,"object_type":"law","relational_id":63670,"identifier":"8.01-220.1:1","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-220.1_1","url":"\/8.01-220.1_1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.01-220.1_1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/21\/8.01-220.1_1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Civil immunity for officers, partners, members, managers, trustees and directors of certain tax exempt organizations","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.01-220.1:1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Directors, partners, members, managers, trustees and officers of organizations exempt from income taxation under § 501(c) or § 528 of the Internal Revenue Code who serve without compensation<\/span> shall be immune from civil liability for acts taken in their capacities as officers, partners, members, managers, trustees or directors of such organizations. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> In any proceeding against a director, partner, member, manager, trustee or officer of an organization exempt from income taxation under § 501(c) or § 528 of the Internal Revenue Code who receives compensation<\/span>, the damages<\/span> assessed for acts taken in his capacity as an officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director and arising out of a single transaction, occurrence or course of conduct shall not exceed the amount of compensation<\/span> received by the officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director during the 12 months immediately preceding the act or omission for which liability was imposed. As used herein “compensation<\/span>” shall mean payment for services over and above per diem and expenses. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> The liability of an officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director shall not be limited as provided in this section if the officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director engaged in willful misconduct or a knowing violation of the criminal law<\/span> or if liability derives from the operation of a motor vehicle, or from the violation of a fiduciary<\/span> obligation imposed during the period of declarant control by § 55.1-1943<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

D.<\/span> The immunity provided by this section shall survive any termination, cancellation, or other discontinuance of the organization. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCIVIL IMMUNITY FOR OFFICERS, PARTNERS, MEMBERS, MANAGERS, TRUSTEES AND DIRECTORS\nOF CERTAIN TAX EXEMPT ORGANIZATIONS (\u00a7 8.01-220.1:1)\n\nA. Directors, partners, members, managers, trustees and officers of\norganizations exempt from income taxation under § 501(c) or § 528 of\nthe Internal Revenue Code who serve without compensation shall be immune from\ncivil liability for acts taken in their capacities as officers, partners,\nmembers, managers, trustees or directors of such organizations.\n\nB. In any proceeding against a director, partner, member, manager, trustee or\nofficer of an organization exempt from income taxation under § 501(c) or\n§ 528 of the Internal Revenue Code who receives compensation, the damages\nassessed for acts taken in his capacity as an officer, partner, member, manager,\ntrustee or director and arising out of a single transaction, occurrence or\ncourse of conduct shall not exceed the amount of compensation received by the\nofficer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director during the 12 months\nimmediately preceding the act or omission for which liability was imposed. As\nused herein “compensation” shall mean payment for services over and\nabove per diem and expenses.\n\nC. The liability of an officer, partner, member, manager, trustee or director\nshall not be limited as provided in this section if the officer, partner,\nmember, manager, trustee or director engaged in willful misconduct or a knowing\nviolation of the criminal law or if liability derives from the operation of a\nmotor vehicle, or from the violation of a fiduciary obligation imposed during\nthe period of declarant control by § 55.1-1943.\n\nD. The immunity provided by this section shall survive any termination,\ncancellation, or other discontinuance of the organization.\n\nHISTORY: 1987, c. 637; 1988, c. 566; 2005, c. 255; 2011, cc. 693, 704.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}