{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.01-306.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.01-306.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.01-306.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.01-306.html"}],"law_id":54446,"edition_id":1,"section_id":54446,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-306","catch_line":"Process against unincorporated associations or orders, or unincorporated common carriers; principal office outside Virginia and business transactions in Virginia","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 8-66.1; 1962, c. 250; 1977, c. 617; 1991, c. 672; 2005, c. 866; 2024, c. 454.","full_text":"Subject to \u00a7 8.01-286.1, if an unincorporated (i) association, (ii) order, or (iii) common carrier has its principal office outside Virginia and transacts business or affairs in the Commonwealth, process may be served on any officer, trustee, director, staff member, or agent of such association, order, or carrier in the city or county in which he may be found or on the Clerk of the State Corporation Commission, who shall be deemed by virtue of such transaction of business or affairs in the Commonwealth to have been appointed statutory agent of such association, order, or carrier upon whom may be made service of process in accordance with \u00a7 12.1-19.1. Service, when duly made, shall constitute sufficient foundation for a personal judgment against such association, order, or carrier. If service may not be had as aforesaid, then on affidavit of that fact an order of publication may be awarded as provided by \u00a7\u00a7 8.01-316 and 8.01-317.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":199816,"text":"Subject to \u00a7 8.01-286.1, if an unincorporated (i) association, (ii) order, or (iii) common carrier has its principal office outside Virginia and transacts business or affairs in the Commonwealth, process may be served on any officer, trustee, director, staff member, or agent of such association, order, or carrier in the city or county in which he may be found or on the Clerk of the State Corporation Commission, who shall be deemed by virtue of such transaction of business or affairs in the Commonwealth to have been appointed statutory agent of such association, order, or carrier upon whom may be made service of process in accordance with \u00a7 12.1-19.1. Service, when duly made, shall constitute sufficient foundation for a personal judgment against such association, order, or carrier. If service may not be had as aforesaid, then on affidavit of that fact an order of publication may be awarded as provided by \u00a7\u00a7 8.01-316 and 8.01-317.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":13354,"edition_id":1,"name":"Who to Be Served","identifier":"4","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13353,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","permalink":{"id":281529,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13354,"identifier":"4","token":"8.01\/8\/4","url":"\/8.01\/8\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13353,"edition_id":1,"name":"Process","identifier":"8","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12747,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:42","permalink":{"id":281473,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13353,"identifier":"8","token":"8.01\/8","url":"\/8.01\/8\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12747,"edition_id":1,"name":"Civil Remedies and Procedure","identifier":"8.01","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":277029,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12747,"identifier":"8.01","token":"8.01","url":"\/8.01\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":57169,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-296","catch_line":"Manner of serving process upon natural persons","url":"\/8.01-296\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-296","metadata":false},{"id":84916,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-297","catch_line":"Process on convict defendant","url":"\/8.01-297\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-297","metadata":false},{"id":74903,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-298","catch_line":"How summons for witness or juror served","url":"\/8.01-298\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-298","metadata":false},{"id":76632,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-299","catch_line":"How process served on domestic stock corporations, nonstock corporations, and limited liability companies generally","url":"\/8.01-299\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-299","metadata":false},{"id":62573,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-300","catch_line":"How process served on municipal and county governments and on quasi-governmental entities","url":"\/8.01-300\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-300","metadata":false},{"id":80689,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-301","catch_line":"How process served on foreign stock or nonstock corporations and foreign limited liability companies generally","url":"\/8.01-301\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-301","metadata":false},{"id":57428,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-302","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/8.01-302\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-302","metadata":false},{"id":60079,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-303","catch_line":"On whom process served when corporation operated by trustee or receiver","url":"\/8.01-303\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-303","metadata":false},{"id":74972,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-304","catch_line":"How process served on copartner or partnership, domestic or foreign limited liability partnership, and domestic or foreign limited partnership","url":"\/8.01-304\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-304","metadata":false},{"id":57093,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-304.1","catch_line":"How process served on a business trust","url":"\/8.01-304.1\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-304.1","metadata":false},{"id":86653,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-305","catch_line":"Process against unincorporated associations or orders, or unincorporated common carriers","url":"\/8.01-305\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-305","metadata":false},{"id":54446,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-306","catch_line":"Process against unincorporated associations or orders, or unincorporated common carriers; principal office outside Virginia and business transactions in Virginia","url":"\/8.01-306\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-306","metadata":false},{"id":71881,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-307","catch_line":"Definition of terms \"motor vehicle\" and \"nonresident\" in motor vehicle and aircraft accident cases","url":"\/8.01-307\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-307","metadata":false},{"id":61678,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-308","catch_line":"Service on Commissioner of the Department of Motor Vehicles as agent for nonresident motor vehicle operator","url":"\/8.01-308\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-308","metadata":false},{"id":61128,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-309","catch_line":"Service on Secretary of Commonwealth as agent of nonresident operator or owner of aircraft","url":"\/8.01-309\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-309","metadata":false},{"id":84659,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-310","catch_line":"How service made on Commissioner, Secretary, and Clerk; appointment binding","url":"\/8.01-310\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-310","metadata":false},{"id":80670,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-311","catch_line":"Continuance of action where service made on Commissioner, Secretary, and Clerk","url":"\/8.01-311\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-311","metadata":false},{"id":67145,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-312","catch_line":"Effect of service on statutory agent; duties of such agent; time for responding to process","url":"\/8.01-312\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-312","metadata":false},{"id":81995,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-313","catch_line":"Specific addresses for mailing by statutory agent and resident agent","url":"\/8.01-313\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-313","metadata":false},{"id":85430,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-314","catch_line":"Service on attorney after entry of general appearance by such attorney","url":"\/8.01-314\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-314","metadata":false},{"id":83124,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-315","catch_line":"Notice to be mailed defendant when service accepted by another","url":"\/8.01-315\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-315","metadata":false},{"id":66717,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-316","catch_line":"Service by publication; when available","url":"\/8.01-316\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-316","metadata":false},{"id":58190,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-317","catch_line":"What order of publication to state; how published; when publication in newspaper dispensed with; electronic notice","url":"\/8.01-317\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-317","metadata":false},{"id":54333,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-318","catch_line":"Within what time after publication case tried or heard; no subsequent publication required","url":"\/8.01-318\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-318","metadata":false},{"id":56410,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-319","catch_line":"Publication of interim notice","url":"\/8.01-319\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-319","metadata":false},{"id":76043,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-320","catch_line":"Personal service outside of Virginia","url":"\/8.01-320\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-320","metadata":false},{"id":61509,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-321","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/8.01-321\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-321","metadata":false},{"id":54367,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-322","catch_line":"Within what time case reheard on petition of party served by publication, and any injustice corrected","url":"\/8.01-322\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-322","metadata":false},{"id":61401,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-323","catch_line":"In what counties city newspapers deemed published for purpose of legal advertisements","url":"\/8.01-323\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-323","metadata":false},{"id":62668,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-324","catch_line":"Newspapers that may be used for legal notices and publications","url":"\/8.01-324\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-324","metadata":false},{"id":86831,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-325","catch_line":"Return by person serving process","url":"\/8.01-325\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-325","metadata":false},{"id":58455,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-326","catch_line":"Return as proof of service","url":"\/8.01-326\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-326","metadata":false},{"id":57208,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-326.1","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/8.01-326.1\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-326.1","metadata":false},{"id":83256,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-327","catch_line":"Acceptance of service of process","url":"\/8.01-327\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-327","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":86653,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-305","catch_line":"Process against unincorporated associations or orders, or unincorporated common carriers","url":"\/8.01-305\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-305","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":71881,"structure_id":13354,"section_number":"8.01-307","catch_line":"Definition of terms \"motor vehicle\" and \"nonresident\" in motor vehicle and aircraft accident cases","url":"\/8.01-307\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-307","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-306\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 5 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1962, chapter 250; in 1977, chapter 617; in 1991, chapter 672; in 2005, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?051+ful+CHAP0866\">866<\/a>; in 2024, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?241+ful+CHAP0454\">454<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":82871,"section_number":"8.01-286.1","catch_line":"Service of process; waiver, duty to save costs, request to waive, how served","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-286.1\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":71702,"section_number":"12.1-19.1","catch_line":"Service of process on the Clerk of the State Corporation Commission as statutory agent","order_by":null,"url":"\/12.1-19.1\/"},{"id":82871,"section_number":"8.01-286.1","catch_line":"Service of process; waiver, duty to save costs, request to waive, how served","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-286.1\/"},{"id":66717,"section_number":"8.01-316","catch_line":"Service by publication; when available","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-316\/"},{"id":58190,"section_number":"8.01-317","catch_line":"What order of publication to state; how published; when publication in newspaper dispensed with; electronic notice","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-317\/"}],"permalink":{"id":281575,"object_type":"law","relational_id":54446,"identifier":"8.01-306","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-306","url":"\/8.01-306\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.01-306\/","token":"8.01\/8\/4\/8.01-306","dublin_core":{"Title":"Process against unincorporated associations or orders, or unincorporated common carriers; principal office outside Virginia and business transactions in Virginia","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.01-306","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Subject to \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Service of process; waiver, duty to save costs, request to waive, how served\" href=\"\/8.01-286.1\/\">8.01-286.1<\/a>, if an unincorporated (i) association, (ii) <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span>, or (iii) common carrier has its principal office outside Virginia and transacts business or affairs in the Commonwealth, process may be served on any officer, trustee, director, staff member, or agent of such association, <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span>, or carrier in the city or county in which he may be found or on the Clerk of the State Corporation Commission, who shall be deemed by virtue of such transaction of business or affairs in the Commonwealth to have been appointed <span class=\"dictionary\">statutory agent<\/span> of such association, <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span>, or carrier upon whom may be made <span class=\"dictionary\">service of process<\/span> in accordance with \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Service of process on the Clerk of the State Corporation Commission as statutory agent\" href=\"\/12.1-19.1\/\">12.1-19.1<\/a>. Service, when duly made, shall constitute sufficient foundation for a personal <span class=\"dictionary\">judgment<\/span> against such association, <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span>, or carrier. If service may not be had as aforesaid, then on <span class=\"dictionary\">affidavit<\/span> of that <span class=\"dictionary\">fact<\/span> an <span class=\"dictionary\">order<\/span> of publication may be awarded as provided by \u00a7\u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Service by publication; when available\" href=\"\/8.01-316\/\">8.01-316<\/a> and <a class=\"law\" title=\"What order of publication to state; how published; when publication in newspaper dispensed with; electronic notice\" href=\"\/8.01-317\/\">8.01-317<\/a>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPROCESS AGAINST UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS OR ORDERS, OR UNINCORPORATED COMMON\nCARRIERS; PRINCIPAL OFFICE OUTSIDE VIRGINIA AND BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS IN\nVIRGINIA (\u00a7 8.01-306)\n\nSubject to \u00a7 8.01-286.1, if an unincorporated (i) association, (ii) order, or\n(iii) common carrier has its principal office outside Virginia and transacts\nbusiness or affairs in the Commonwealth, process may be served on any officer,\ntrustee, director, staff member, or agent of such association, order, or carrier\nin the city or county in which he may be found or on the Clerk of the State\nCorporation Commission, who shall be deemed by virtue of such transaction of\nbusiness or affairs in the Commonwealth to have been appointed statutory agent\nof such association, order, or carrier upon whom may be made service of process\nin accordance with \u00a7 12.1-19.1. Service, when duly made, shall constitute\nsufficient foundation for a personal judgment against such association, order,\nor carrier. If service may not be had as aforesaid, then on affidavit of that\nfact an order of publication may be awarded as provided by \u00a7\u00a7 8.01-316 and\n8.01-317.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 8-66.1; 1962, c. 250; 1977, c. 617; 1991, c. 672; 2005,\nc. 866; 2024, c. 454.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}