{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.01-418.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.01-418.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.01-418.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.01-418.1.html"}],"law_id":84027,"edition_id":1,"section_id":84027,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-418.1","catch_line":"Evidence of subsequent measures taken not admissible to prove negligence (Supreme Court Rule 2:407 derived from this section)","history":"1978, c. 165.","full_text":"When, after the occurrence of an event, measures are taken which, if taken prior to the event would have made the event less likely to occur, evidence of such subsequently taken measures is not admissible to prove negligence or culpable conduct as a cause of the occurrence of the event; provided, that evidence of subsequent measures taken shall not be required to be excluded when offered for another purpose for which it may be admissible, including, but not limited to, proof of ownership, control, feasibility of precautionary measures if controverted, or for impeachment.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":301145,"text":"When, after the occurrence of an event, measures are taken which, if taken prior to the event would have made the event less likely to occur, evidence of such subsequently taken measures is not admissible to prove negligence or culpable conduct as a cause of the occurrence of the event; provided, that evidence of subsequent measures taken shall not be required to be excluded when offered for another purpose for which it may be admissible, including, but not limited to, proof of ownership, control, feasibility of precautionary measures if controverted, or for impeachment.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":14188,"edition_id":1,"name":"Miscellaneous Provisions","identifier":"9","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12870,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:11","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:11","permalink":{"id":277631,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14188,"identifier":"9","token":"8.01\/14\/9","url":"\/8.01\/14\/9\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12870,"edition_id":1,"name":"Evidence","identifier":"14","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12747,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:57","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:57","permalink":{"id":277357,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12870,"identifier":"14","token":"8.01\/14","url":"\/8.01\/14\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12747,"edition_id":1,"name":"Civil Remedies and Procedure","identifier":"8.01","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":277029,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12747,"identifier":"8.01","token":"8.01","url":"\/8.01\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":63768,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-417","catch_line":"Copies of written statements or transcriptions of verbal statements by injured person to be delivered to him; copies of subpoenaed documents to be provided to other party; disclosure of insurance policy limits","url":"\/8.01-417\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-417","metadata":false},{"id":64827,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-417.01","catch_line":"Disclosure of certain homeowners insurance and personal injury liability insurance policy limits","url":"\/8.01-417.01\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-417.01","metadata":false},{"id":80780,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-417.1","catch_line":"Use of portions of documents in evidence (Subsection (b) of Supreme Court Rule 2:106 derived from this section)","url":"\/8.01-417.1\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-417.1","metadata":false},{"id":71302,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-418","catch_line":"When plea of guilty or nolo contendere, finding of guilt in absentia, or forfeiture in criminal prosecution or traffic case admissible in civil action; proof of such plea, finding, or forfeiture","url":"\/8.01-418\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-418","metadata":false},{"id":84027,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-418.1","catch_line":"Evidence of subsequent measures taken not admissible to prove negligence (Supreme Court Rule 2:407 derived from this section)","url":"\/8.01-418.1\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-418.1","metadata":false},{"id":64963,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-418.2","catch_line":"Evidence of polygraph examination inadmissible in any proceeding","url":"\/8.01-418.2\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-418.2","metadata":false},{"id":71422,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-418.3","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/8.01-418.3\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-418.3","metadata":false},{"id":84518,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-419","catch_line":"Table of life expectancy","url":"\/8.01-419\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-419","metadata":false},{"id":62745,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-419.1","catch_line":"Motor vehicle value","url":"\/8.01-419.1\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-419.1","metadata":false},{"id":58128,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420","catch_line":"Depositions as basis for motion for summary judgment or to strike evidence","url":"\/8.01-420\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420","metadata":false},{"id":82348,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.01","catch_line":"Limiting further disclosure of discoverable materials and information; protective order","url":"\/8.01-420.01\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.01","metadata":false},{"id":58857,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.1","catch_line":"Abolition of common-law perpetuation of testimony","url":"\/8.01-420.1\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.1","metadata":false},{"id":55366,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.2","catch_line":"Limitation on use of recorded conversations as evidence","url":"\/8.01-420.2\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.2","metadata":false},{"id":82217,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.3","catch_line":"Court reporters to provide transcripts; when recording may be stopped; use of transcript as evidence","url":"\/8.01-420.3\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.3","metadata":false},{"id":60387,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.4","catch_line":"Taking of depositions","url":"\/8.01-420.4\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.4","metadata":false},{"id":63139,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.4:1","catch_line":"Taking of depositions; corporate officers","url":"\/8.01-420.4_1\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.4_1","metadata":false},{"id":69254,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.5","catch_line":"Estoppel effect of judicial determination of employment status","url":"\/8.01-420.5\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.5","metadata":false},{"id":58937,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.6","catch_line":"Number of witnesses whose depositions may be taken","url":"\/8.01-420.6\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.6","metadata":false},{"id":68155,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.7","catch_line":"Attorney-client privilege and work product protection; limitations on waiver","url":"\/8.01-420.7\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.7","metadata":false},{"id":66065,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.8","catch_line":"Protection of confidential information in court files","url":"\/8.01-420.8\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.8","metadata":false},{"id":79354,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-420.9","catch_line":"Subpoena duces tecum; financial records of nonparty","url":"\/8.01-420.9\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-420.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":71302,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-418","catch_line":"When plea of guilty or nolo contendere, finding of guilt in absentia, or forfeiture in criminal prosecution or traffic case admissible in civil action; proof of such plea, finding, or forfeiture","url":"\/8.01-418\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-418","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":64963,"structure_id":14188,"section_number":"8.01-418.2","catch_line":"Evidence of polygraph examination inadmissible in any proceeding","url":"\/8.01-418.2\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-418.2","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-418.1\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1978. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 165 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1978 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":277649,"object_type":"law","relational_id":84027,"identifier":"8.01-418.1","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-418.1","url":"\/8.01-418.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.01-418.1\/","token":"8.01\/14\/9\/8.01-418.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Evidence of subsequent measures taken not admissible to prove negligence (Supreme Court Rule 2:407 derived from this section)","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.01-418.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>When, after the occurrence of an event, measures are taken which, if taken prior to the event would have made the event less likely to occur, <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span> of such subsequently taken measures is not <span class=\"dictionary\">admissible<\/span> to prove <span class=\"dictionary\">negligence<\/span> or culpable conduct as a cause of the occurrence of the event; provided, that <span class=\"dictionary\">evidence<\/span> of subsequent measures taken shall not be required to be excluded when offered for another purpose for which it may be <span class=\"dictionary\">admissible<\/span>, including, but not limited to, proof of ownership, control, feasibility of precautionary measures if controverted, or for <span class=\"dictionary\">impeachment<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEVIDENCE OF SUBSEQUENT MEASURES TAKEN NOT ADMISSIBLE TO PROVE NEGLIGENCE\n(SUPREME COURT RULE 2:407 DERIVED FROM THIS SECTION) (\u00a7 8.01-418.1)\n\nWhen, after the occurrence of an event, measures are taken which, if taken prior\nto the event would have made the event less likely to occur, evidence of such\nsubsequently taken measures is not admissible to prove negligence or culpable\nconduct as a cause of the occurrence of the event; provided, that evidence of\nsubsequent measures taken shall not be required to be excluded when offered for\nanother purpose for which it may be admissible, including, but not limited to,\nproof of ownership, control, feasibility of precautionary measures if\ncontroverted, or for impeachment.\n\nHISTORY: 1978, c. 165.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}