{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.01-42.3.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.01-42.3.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.01-42.3.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.01-42.3.html"}],"law_id":70599,"edition_id":1,"section_id":70599,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-42.3","catch_line":"Civil action for stalking","history":"2001, c. 444.","full_text":"A\n\nA victim has a civil cause of action against an individual who engaged in conduct that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3, whether or not the individual has been charged or convicted for the alleged violation, for the compensatory damages incurred by the victim as a result of that conduct, in addition to the costs for bringing the action. If compensatory damages are awarded, a victim may also be awarded punitive damages.B\n\nAs used in this section:\n\t\t\t“Compensatory damages” includes damages for all of the defendant’s acts prohibited by § 18.2-60.3.\n\t\t\t“Victim” means a person who, because of the conduct of the defendant that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3, was placed in reasonable fear of death, criminal sexual assault, or bodily injury to himself or to a minor child of whom the person is a parent or legal guardian.C\n\nNo action shall be commenced under this section more than two years after the most recent conduct prohibited under § 18.2-60.3.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":254720,"text":"A victim has a civil cause of action against an individual who engaged in conduct that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3, whether or not the individual has been charged or convicted for the alleged violation, for the compensatory damages incurred by the victim as a result of that conduct, in addition to the costs for bringing the action. If compensatory damages are awarded, a victim may also be awarded punitive damages.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":254721,"text":"As used in this section:\n\t\t\t“Compensatory damages” includes damages for all of the defendant’s acts prohibited by § 18.2-60.3.\n\t\t\t“Victim” means a person who, because of the conduct of the defendant that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3, was placed in reasonable fear of death, criminal sexual assault, or bodily injury to himself or to a minor child of whom the person is a parent or legal guardian.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A","next_prefix":"C"},"2":{"id":254722,"text":"No action shall be commenced under this section more than two years after the most recent conduct prohibited under § 18.2-60.3.","type":"section","prefixes":["C"],"prefix":"C","entire_prefix":"C","prefix_anchor":"C","level":1,"prior_prefix":"B"}},"ancestry":[{"id":12887,"edition_id":1,"name":"Injury to Person or Property","identifier":"3","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12886,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","permalink":{"id":280695,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12887,"identifier":"3","token":"8.01\/3\/3","url":"\/8.01\/3\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12886,"edition_id":1,"name":"Actions","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12747,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","permalink":{"id":279635,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12886,"identifier":"3","token":"8.01\/3","url":"\/8.01\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12747,"edition_id":1,"name":"Civil Remedies and Procedure","identifier":"8.01","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:51","permalink":{"id":277029,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12747,"identifier":"8.01","token":"8.01","url":"\/8.01\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":71526,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-34","catch_line":"When contribution among wrongdoers enforced","url":"\/8.01-34\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-34","metadata":false},{"id":56273,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-35","catch_line":"Damages for loss of income not diminished by reimbursement","url":"\/8.01-35\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-35","metadata":false},{"id":71789,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-35.1","catch_line":"Effect of release or covenant not to sue in respect to liability and contribution","url":"\/8.01-35.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-35.1","metadata":false},{"id":54115,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-36","catch_line":"Joinder of action of tort to infant with action for recovery of expenses incurred thereby and claim for recovery of expenses by infant","url":"\/8.01-36\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-36","metadata":false},{"id":61407,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-37","catch_line":"Recovery of lost wages in action for injuries to emancipated infant","url":"\/8.01-37\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-37","metadata":false},{"id":84122,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-37.1","catch_line":"Claims for medical services provided by United States; proof of reasonable value","url":"\/8.01-37.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-37.1","metadata":false},{"id":74543,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-38","catch_line":"Tort liability of hospitals","url":"\/8.01-38\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-38","metadata":false},{"id":80026,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-38.1","catch_line":"Limitation on recovery of punitive damages","url":"\/8.01-38.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-38.1","metadata":false},{"id":85786,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-39","catch_line":"Completion or acceptance of work not bar to action against independent contractor for personal injury, wrongful death or damage to property","url":"\/8.01-39\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-39","metadata":false},{"id":60815,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-40","catch_line":"Unauthorized use of name or picture of any person; punitive damages; statute of limitations","url":"\/8.01-40\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-40","metadata":false},{"id":61512,"structure_id":12887,"section_number":"8.01-40.1","catch_line":"Action for injury resulting from violation of Computer Crimes Act; 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This law was first created in 2001. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 444<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":54485,"section_number":"18.2-60.3","catch_line":"Stalking; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/18.2-60.3\/"}],"permalink":{"id":280773,"object_type":"law","relational_id":70599,"identifier":"8.01-42.3","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-42.3","url":"\/8.01-42.3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.01-42.3\/","token":"8.01\/3\/3\/8.01-42.3","dublin_core":{"Title":"Civil action for stalking","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.01-42.3","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> A victim<\/span> has a civil cause of action<\/span> against an individual who engaged in conduct that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3<\/a>, whether or not the individual has been charged or convicted for the alleged violation, for the compensatory damages<\/span> incurred by the victim<\/span> as a result of that conduct, in addition to the costs for bringing the action. If compensatory damages<\/span> are awarded, a victim<\/span> may also be awarded punitive damages. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> As used in this section:\n\t\t\t“Compensatory damages<\/span>” includes damages for all of the defendant<\/span>’s acts prohibited by § 18.2-60.3<\/a>.\n\t\t\t“Victim<\/span>” means a person<\/span> who, because of the conduct of the defendant<\/span> that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3<\/a>, was placed in reasonable fear of death, criminal sexual assault<\/span>, or bodily injury to himself or to a minor<\/span> child of whom the person<\/span> is a parent or legal guardian. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

C.<\/span> No action shall be commenced under this section more than two years after the most recent conduct prohibited under § 18.2-60.3<\/a>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCIVIL ACTION FOR STALKING (\u00a7 8.01-42.3)\n\nA. A victim has a civil cause of action against an individual who engaged in\nconduct that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3, whether or not the individual\nhas been charged or convicted for the alleged violation, for the compensatory\ndamages incurred by the victim as a result of that conduct, in addition to the\ncosts for bringing the action. If compensatory damages are awarded, a victim may\nalso be awarded punitive damages.\n\nB. As used in this section:\n\t\t\t“Compensatory damages” includes damages for all of the\ndefendant’s acts prohibited by § 18.2-60.3.\n\t\t\t“Victim” means a person who, because of the conduct of the\ndefendant that is prohibited under § 18.2-60.3, was placed in reasonable\nfear of death, criminal sexual assault, or bodily injury to himself or to a\nminor child of whom the person is a parent or legal guardian.\n\nC. No action shall be commenced under this section more than two years after the\nmost recent conduct prohibited under § 18.2-60.3.\n\nHISTORY: 2001, c. 444.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}