{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.2-712.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.2-712.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.2-712.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.2-712.html"}],"law_id":76129,"edition_id":1,"section_id":76129,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-712","catch_line":"“Cover”; buyer’s procurement of substitute goods","history":"1964, c. 219.","full_text":"1\n\nAfter a breach within the preceding section [§ 8.2-711] the buyer may “cover” by making in good faith and without unreasonable delay any reasonable purchase of or contract to purchase goods in substitution for those due from the seller.2\n\nThe buyer may recover from the seller as damages the difference between the cost of cover and the contract price together with any incidental or consequential damages as hereinafter defined (§ 8.2-715), but less expenses saved in consequence of the seller’s breach.3\n\nFailure of the buyer to effect cover within this section does not bar him from any other remedy.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":273239,"text":"After a breach within the preceding section [§ 8.2-711] the buyer may “cover” by making in good faith and without unreasonable delay any reasonable purchase of or contract to purchase goods in substitution for those due from the seller.","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"next_prefix":"2"},"1":{"id":273240,"text":"The buyer may recover from the seller as damages the difference between the cost of cover and the contract price together with any incidental or consequential damages as hereinafter defined (§ 8.2-715), but less expenses saved in consequence of the seller’s breach.","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"2":{"id":273241,"text":"Failure of the buyer to effect cover within this section does not bar him from any other remedy.","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14714,"edition_id":1,"name":"Remedies","identifier":"7","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13346,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:49:27","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:49:27","permalink":{"id":282265,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14714,"identifier":"7","token":"8.2\/7","url":"\/8.2\/7\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13346,"edition_id":1,"name":"Commercial Code - Sales","identifier":"8.2","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:41","permalink":{"id":281931,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13346,"identifier":"8.2","token":"8.2","url":"\/8.2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":85835,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-701","catch_line":"Remedies for breach of collateral contracts not impaired","url":"\/8.2-701\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-701","metadata":false},{"id":69584,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-702","catch_line":"Seller's remedies on discovery of buyer's insolvency","url":"\/8.2-702\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-702","metadata":false},{"id":78574,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-703","catch_line":"Seller's remedies in general","url":"\/8.2-703\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-703","metadata":false},{"id":83665,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-704","catch_line":"Seller's right to identify goods to the contract notwithstanding breach or to salvage unfinished goods","url":"\/8.2-704\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-704","metadata":false},{"id":87075,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-705","catch_line":"Seller's stoppage of delivery in transit or otherwise","url":"\/8.2-705\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-705","metadata":false},{"id":66214,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-706","catch_line":"Seller's resale including contract for resale","url":"\/8.2-706\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-706","metadata":false},{"id":76676,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-707","catch_line":"\"Person in the position of a seller.\"","url":"\/8.2-707\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-707","metadata":false},{"id":84104,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-708","catch_line":"Seller's damages for nonacceptance or repudiation","url":"\/8.2-708\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-708","metadata":false},{"id":69334,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-709","catch_line":"Action for the price","url":"\/8.2-709\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-709","metadata":false},{"id":77135,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-710","catch_line":"Seller's incidental damages","url":"\/8.2-710\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-710","metadata":false},{"id":71698,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-711","catch_line":"Buyer's remedies in general; buyer's security interest in rejected goods","url":"\/8.2-711\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-711","metadata":false},{"id":76129,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-712","catch_line":"\"Cover\"; buyer's procurement of substitute goods","url":"\/8.2-712\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-712","metadata":false},{"id":66860,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-713","catch_line":"Buyer's damages for nondelivery or repudiation","url":"\/8.2-713\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-713","metadata":false},{"id":56369,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-714","catch_line":"Buyer's damages for breach in regard to accepted goods","url":"\/8.2-714\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-714","metadata":false},{"id":62991,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-715","catch_line":"Buyer's incidental and consequential damages","url":"\/8.2-715\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-715","metadata":false},{"id":83382,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-716","catch_line":"Buyer's right to specific performance or detinue","url":"\/8.2-716\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-716","metadata":false},{"id":82961,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-717","catch_line":"Deduction of damages from the price","url":"\/8.2-717\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-717","metadata":false},{"id":65551,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-718","catch_line":"Liquidation or limitation of damages; deposits","url":"\/8.2-718\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-718","metadata":false},{"id":76593,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-719","catch_line":"Contractual modification or limitation of remedy","url":"\/8.2-719\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-719","metadata":false},{"id":57861,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-720","catch_line":"Effect of \"cancellation\" or \"rescission\" on claims for antecedent breach","url":"\/8.2-720\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-720","metadata":false},{"id":70494,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-721","catch_line":"Remedies for fraud","url":"\/8.2-721\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-721","metadata":false},{"id":73811,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-722","catch_line":"Who can sue third parties for injury to goods","url":"\/8.2-722\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-722","metadata":false},{"id":84785,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-723","catch_line":"Proof of market price; time and place","url":"\/8.2-723\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-723","metadata":false},{"id":71937,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-724","catch_line":"Admissibility of market quotations (subdivision (17) of Supreme Court Rule 2:803 derived from this section)","url":"\/8.2-724\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-724","metadata":false},{"id":73642,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-725","catch_line":"Statute of limitations in contracts for sale","url":"\/8.2-725\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-725","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":71698,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-711","catch_line":"Buyer's remedies in general; buyer's security interest in rejected goods","url":"\/8.2-711\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-711","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":66860,"structure_id":14714,"section_number":"8.2-713","catch_line":"Buyer's damages for nondelivery or repudiation","url":"\/8.2-713\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-713","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.2-712\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1964. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 219 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1964 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online.<\/p>","references":[{"id":73102,"section_number":"8.2-103","catch_line":"Definitions and index of definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.2-103\/"},{"id":71698,"section_number":"8.2-711","catch_line":"Buyer's remedies in general; buyer's security interest in rejected goods","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.2-711\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":71698,"section_number":"8.2-711","catch_line":"Buyer's remedies in general; buyer's security interest in rejected goods","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.2-711\/"},{"id":62991,"section_number":"8.2-715","catch_line":"Buyer's incidental and consequential damages","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.2-715\/"}],"permalink":{"id":282311,"object_type":"law","relational_id":76129,"identifier":"8.2-712","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-712","url":"\/8.2-712\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.2-712\/","token":"8.2\/7\/8.2-712","dublin_core":{"Title":"“Cover”; buyer’s procurement of substitute goods","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.2-712","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> After a breach within the preceding section [§ 8.2-711<\/a>] the buyer may “cover” by making in good faith and without unreasonable delay any reasonable purchase of or contract<\/span> to purchase goods in substitution for those due from the seller. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> The buyer may recover from the seller as damages<\/span> the difference between the cost of cover and the contract<\/span> price together with any incidental or consequential damages<\/span> as hereinafter defined (§ 8.2-715<\/a>), but less expenses saved in consequence of the seller’s breach. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Failure of the buyer to effect cover within this section does not bar him from any other remedy. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\n“COVER”; BUYER’S PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS (\u00a7 8.2-712)\n\n1. After a breach within the preceding section [§ 8.2-711] the buyer may\n“cover” by making in good faith and without unreasonable delay any\nreasonable purchase of or contract to purchase goods in substitution for those\ndue from the seller.\n\n2. The buyer may recover from the seller as damages the difference between the\ncost of cover and the contract price together with any incidental or\nconsequential damages as hereinafter defined (§ 8.2-715), but less expenses\nsaved in consequence of the seller’s breach.\n\n3. Failure of the buyer to effect cover within this section does not bar him\nfrom any other remedy.\n\nHISTORY: 1964, c. 219.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}