{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.3A-105.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.3A-105.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.3A-105.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.3A-105.html"}],"law_id":71271,"edition_id":1,"section_id":71271,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-105","catch_line":"Issue of instrument","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 6-368, 6-380, 6-410, 6-411, 6-544; 1964, c. 219, \u00a7\u00a7 8.3-102, 8.3-306; 1992, c. 693; 2024, c. 652.","full_text":"a\n\n“Issue” means1\n\nthe first delivery of an instrument by the maker or drawer, whether to a holder or nonholder, for the purpose of giving rights on the instrument to any person; or2\n\nif agreed by the payee, the first transmission by the drawer to the payee of an image of an item and information derived from the item that enables the depositary bank to collect the item by transferring or presenting under federal law an electronic check.b\n\nAn unissued instrument, or an unissued incomplete instrument that is completed, is binding on the maker or drawer, but nonissuance is a defense. An instrument that is conditionally issued or is issued for a special purpose is binding on the maker or drawer, but failure of the condition or special purpose to be fulfilled is a defense.c\n\n“Issuer” applies to issued and unissued instruments and means a maker or drawer of an instrument.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":256866,"text":"“Issue” means","type":"section","prefixes":["a"],"prefix":"a","entire_prefix":"a","prefix_anchor":"a","level":1,"next_prefix":"a1"},"1":{"id":256867,"text":"the first delivery of an instrument by the maker or drawer, whether to a holder or nonholder, for the purpose of giving rights on the instrument to any person; or","type":"section","prefixes":["a","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"a1","prefix_anchor":"a1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a","next_prefix":"a2"},"2":{"id":256868,"text":"if agreed by the payee, the first transmission by the drawer to the payee of an image of an item and information derived from the item that enables the depositary bank to collect the item by transferring or presenting under federal law an electronic check.","type":"section","prefixes":["a","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"a2","prefix_anchor":"a2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a1","next_prefix":"b"},"3":{"id":256869,"text":"An unissued instrument, or an unissued incomplete instrument that is completed, is binding on the maker or drawer, but nonissuance is a defense. An instrument that is conditionally issued or is issued for a special purpose is binding on the maker or drawer, but failure of the condition or special purpose to be fulfilled is a defense.","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"a2","next_prefix":"c"},"4":{"id":256870,"text":"“Issuer” applies to issued and unissued instruments and means a maker or drawer of an instrument.","type":"section","prefixes":["c"],"prefix":"c","entire_prefix":"c","prefix_anchor":"c","level":1,"prior_prefix":"b"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13868,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions and Definitions","identifier":"1","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13054,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:08","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:08","permalink":{"id":282707,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13868,"identifier":"1","token":"8.3A\/1","url":"\/8.3A\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13054,"edition_id":1,"name":"Commercial Code \u2014 Negotiable Instruments","identifier":"8.3A","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:11","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:11","permalink":{"id":282705,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13054,"identifier":"8.3A","token":"8.3A","url":"\/8.3A\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":83834,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-101","catch_line":"Short title","url":"\/8.3A-101\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-101","metadata":false},{"id":65615,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-102","catch_line":"Subject matter","url":"\/8.3A-102\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-102","metadata":false},{"id":77332,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-103","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/8.3A-103\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-103","metadata":false},{"id":82039,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-104","catch_line":"Negotiable instrument","url":"\/8.3A-104\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-104","metadata":false},{"id":71271,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-105","catch_line":"Issue of instrument","url":"\/8.3A-105\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-105","metadata":false},{"id":54896,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-106","catch_line":"Unconditional promise or order","url":"\/8.3A-106\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-106","metadata":false},{"id":58514,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-107","catch_line":"Instrument payable in foreign money","url":"\/8.3A-107\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-107","metadata":false},{"id":60401,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-108","catch_line":"Payable on demand or at definite time","url":"\/8.3A-108\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-108","metadata":false},{"id":76428,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-109","catch_line":"Payable to bearer or to order","url":"\/8.3A-109\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-109","metadata":false},{"id":79693,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-110","catch_line":"Identification of person to whom instrument is payable","url":"\/8.3A-110\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-110","metadata":false},{"id":59225,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-111","catch_line":"Place of payment","url":"\/8.3A-111\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-111","metadata":false},{"id":81552,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-112","catch_line":"Interest","url":"\/8.3A-112\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-112","metadata":false},{"id":78239,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-113","catch_line":"Date of instrument","url":"\/8.3A-113\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-113","metadata":false},{"id":69384,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-114","catch_line":"Contradictory terms of instrument","url":"\/8.3A-114\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-114","metadata":false},{"id":87003,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-115","catch_line":"Incomplete instrument","url":"\/8.3A-115\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-115","metadata":false},{"id":77257,"structure_id":13868,"section_number":"8.3A-116","catch_line":"Joint and several liability; 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The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 3 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1964, chapter 219; in 1992, chapter 693; in 2024, chapter 652<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":77332,"section_number":"8.3A-103","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-103\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":282725,"object_type":"law","relational_id":71271,"identifier":"8.3A-105","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-105","url":"\/8.3A-105\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.3A-105\/","token":"8.3A\/1\/8.3A-105","dublin_core":{"Title":"Issue of instrument","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.3A-105","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

a.<\/span> “Issue<\/span>” means <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> the first delivery of an instrument by the maker or drawer, whether to a holder or nonholder, for the purpose of giving rights on the instrument to any person; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> if agreed by the payee, the first transmission by the drawer to the payee of an image of an item and information derived from the item that enables the depositary bank to collect the item by transferring or presenting under federal law<\/span> an electronic check. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

b.<\/span> An unissued instrument, or an unissued incomplete instrument that is completed, is binding on the maker or drawer, but nonissuance is a defense. An instrument that is conditionally issued or is issued for a special purpose is binding on the maker or drawer, but failure of the condition or special purpose to be fulfilled is a defense. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

c.<\/span> “Issuer<\/span>” applies to issued and unissued instruments and means a maker or drawer of an instrument. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nISSUE OF INSTRUMENT (\u00a7 8.3A-105)\n\na. “Issue” means\n\n 1. the first delivery of an instrument by the maker or drawer, whether to a\n holder or nonholder, for the purpose of giving rights on the instrument to any\n person; or\n\n 2. if agreed by the payee, the first transmission by the drawer to the payee\n of an image of an item and information derived from the item that enables the\n depositary bank to collect the item by transferring or presenting under\n federal law an electronic check.\n\nb. An unissued instrument, or an unissued incomplete instrument that is\ncompleted, is binding on the maker or drawer, but nonissuance is a defense. An\ninstrument that is conditionally issued or is issued for a special purpose is\nbinding on the maker or drawer, but failure of the condition or special purpose\nto be fulfilled is a defense.\n\nc. “Issuer” applies to issued and unissued instruments and means a\nmaker or drawer of an instrument.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 6-368, 6-380, 6-410, 6-411, 6-544; 1964, c. 219, \u00a7\u00a7\n8.3-102, 8.3-306; 1992, c. 693; 2024, c. 652.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}