{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.3A-415.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.3A-415.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.3A-415.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.3A-415.html"}],"law_id":78513,"edition_id":1,"section_id":78513,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-415","catch_line":"Obligation of endorser","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 6-390, 6-418 through 6-420, 6-471, 6-496, 6-497, 6-503, 6-505, 6-539, 6-541 through 6-543; 1964, c. 219, \u00a7\u00a7 8.3-411, 8.3-414, 8.3-501, 8.3-502; 1992, c. 693.","full_text":"a\n\nSubject to subsections (b), (c), and (d) and to § 8.3A-419 (d), if an instrument is dishonored, an endorser is obliged to pay the amount due on the instrument (i) according to the terms of the instrument at the time it was endorsed, or (ii) if the endorser endorsed an incomplete instrument, according to its terms when completed, to the extent stated in §§ 8.3A-115 and 8.3A-407. The obligation of the endorser is owed to a person entitled to enforce the instrument or to a subsequent endorser who paid the instrument under this section.b\n\nIf an endorsement states that it is made “without recourse” or otherwise disclaims liability of the endorser, the endorser is not liable under subsection (a) to pay the instrument.c\n\nIf notice of dishonor of an instrument is required by § 8.3A-503 and notice of dishonor complying with that section is not given to an endorser, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.d\n\nIf a draft is accepted by a bank after an endorsement is made, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.e\n\nIf an endorser of a check is liable under subsection (a) and the check is not presented for payment, or given to a depositary bank for collection, within thirty days after the day the endorsement was made, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":281363,"text":"Subject to subsections (b), (c), and (d) and to § 8.3A-419 (d), if an instrument is dishonored, an endorser is obliged to pay the amount due on the instrument (i) according to the terms of the instrument at the time it was endorsed, or (ii) if the endorser endorsed an incomplete instrument, according to its terms when completed, to the extent stated in §§ 8.3A-115 and 8.3A-407. The obligation of the endorser is owed to a person entitled to enforce the instrument or to a subsequent endorser who paid the instrument under this section.","type":"section","prefixes":["a"],"prefix":"a","entire_prefix":"a","prefix_anchor":"a","level":1,"next_prefix":"b"},"1":{"id":281364,"text":"If an endorsement states that it is made “without recourse” or otherwise disclaims liability of the endorser, the endorser is not liable under subsection (a) to pay the instrument.","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"a","next_prefix":"c"},"2":{"id":281365,"text":"If notice of dishonor of an instrument is required by § 8.3A-503 and notice of dishonor complying with that section is not given to an endorser, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.","type":"section","prefixes":["c"],"prefix":"c","entire_prefix":"c","prefix_anchor":"c","level":1,"prior_prefix":"b","next_prefix":"d"},"3":{"id":281366,"text":"If a draft is accepted by a bank after an endorsement is made, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.","type":"section","prefixes":["d"],"prefix":"d","entire_prefix":"d","prefix_anchor":"d","level":1,"prior_prefix":"c","next_prefix":"e"},"4":{"id":281367,"text":"If an endorser of a check is liable under subsection (a) and the check is not presented for payment, or given to a depositary bank for collection, within thirty days after the day the endorsement was made, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.","type":"section","prefixes":["e"],"prefix":"e","entire_prefix":"e","prefix_anchor":"e","level":1,"prior_prefix":"d"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15041,"edition_id":1,"name":"Liability of Parties","identifier":"4","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13054,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:51:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:51:41","permalink":{"id":282869,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15041,"identifier":"4","token":"8.3A\/4","url":"\/8.3A\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13054,"edition_id":1,"name":"Commercial Code \u2014 Negotiable Instruments","identifier":"8.3A","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:11","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:11","permalink":{"id":282705,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13054,"identifier":"8.3A","token":"8.3A","url":"\/8.3A\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":72303,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-401","catch_line":"Signature necessary for liability on instrument","url":"\/8.3A-401\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-401","metadata":false},{"id":57340,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-402","catch_line":"Signature by representative","url":"\/8.3A-402\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-402","metadata":false},{"id":73829,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-403","catch_line":"Unauthorized signature","url":"\/8.3A-403\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-403","metadata":false},{"id":82256,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-404","catch_line":"Impostors; fictitious payees","url":"\/8.3A-404\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-404","metadata":false},{"id":85778,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-405","catch_line":"Employer's responsibility for fraudulent endorsement by employee","url":"\/8.3A-405\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-405","metadata":false},{"id":86533,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-406","catch_line":"Negligence contributing to forged signature or alteration of instrument","url":"\/8.3A-406\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-406","metadata":false},{"id":76929,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-407","catch_line":"Alteration","url":"\/8.3A-407\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-407","metadata":false},{"id":72123,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-408","catch_line":"Drawee not liable on unaccepted draft","url":"\/8.3A-408\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-408","metadata":false},{"id":74394,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-409","catch_line":"Acceptance of draft; certified check","url":"\/8.3A-409\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-409","metadata":false},{"id":86849,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-410","catch_line":"Acceptance varying draft","url":"\/8.3A-410\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-410","metadata":false},{"id":76564,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-411","catch_line":"Refusal to pay cashier's checks, teller's checks, and certified checks","url":"\/8.3A-411\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-411","metadata":false},{"id":85403,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-412","catch_line":"Obligation of issuer of note or cashier's check","url":"\/8.3A-412\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-412","metadata":false},{"id":62163,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-413","catch_line":"Obligation of acceptor","url":"\/8.3A-413\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-413","metadata":false},{"id":81363,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-414","catch_line":"Obligation of drawer","url":"\/8.3A-414\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-414","metadata":false},{"id":78513,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-415","catch_line":"Obligation of endorser","url":"\/8.3A-415\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-415","metadata":false},{"id":58496,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-416","catch_line":"Transfer warranties","url":"\/8.3A-416\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-416","metadata":false},{"id":63742,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-417","catch_line":"Presentment warranties","url":"\/8.3A-417\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-417","metadata":false},{"id":68633,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-418","catch_line":"Payment or acceptance by mistake","url":"\/8.3A-418\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-418","metadata":false},{"id":62031,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-419","catch_line":"Instruments signed for accommodation","url":"\/8.3A-419\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-419","metadata":false},{"id":75961,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-420","catch_line":"Conversion of instrument","url":"\/8.3A-420\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-420","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":81363,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-414","catch_line":"Obligation of drawer","url":"\/8.3A-414\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-414","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":58496,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-416","catch_line":"Transfer warranties","url":"\/8.3A-416\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-416","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.3A-415\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1964, chapter 219; in 1992, chapter 693.<\/p>","references":[{"id":85403,"section_number":"8.3A-412","catch_line":"Obligation of issuer of note or cashier's check","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-412\/"},{"id":81363,"section_number":"8.3A-414","catch_line":"Obligation of drawer","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-414\/"},{"id":57454,"section_number":"8.3A-503","catch_line":"Notice of dishonor","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-503\/"},{"id":84859,"section_number":"8.5A-108","catch_line":"Issuer's rights and obligations","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.5A-108\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":87003,"section_number":"8.3A-115","catch_line":"Incomplete instrument","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-115\/"},{"id":76929,"section_number":"8.3A-407","catch_line":"Alteration","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-407\/"},{"id":62031,"section_number":"8.3A-419","catch_line":"Instruments signed for accommodation","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-419\/"},{"id":57454,"section_number":"8.3A-503","catch_line":"Notice of dishonor","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-503\/"}],"permalink":{"id":282927,"object_type":"law","relational_id":78513,"identifier":"8.3A-415","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-415","url":"\/8.3A-415\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.3A-415\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-415","dublin_core":{"Title":"Obligation of endorser","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.3A-415","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

a.<\/span> Subject to subsections (b), (c), and (d) and to § 8.3A-419<\/a> (d), if an instrument is dishonored, an endorser is obliged to pay the amount due on the instrument (i) according to the terms of the instrument at the time it was endorsed, or (ii) if the endorser endorsed an incomplete instrument, according to its terms when completed, to the extent stated in §§ 8.3A-115<\/a> and 8.3A-407<\/a>. The obligation of the endorser is owed to a person entitled to enforce the instrument or to a subsequent endorser who paid the instrument under this section. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

b.<\/span> If an endorsement states that it is made “without recourse” or otherwise disclaims liability of the endorser, the endorser is not liable under subsection (a) to pay the instrument. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

c.<\/span> If notice of dishonor of an instrument is required by § 8.3A-503<\/a> and notice of dishonor complying with that section is not given to an endorser, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

d.<\/span> If a draft is accepted by a bank after an endorsement is made, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

e.<\/span> If an endorser of a check is liable under subsection (a) and the check is not presented for payment, or given to a depositary bank for collection, within thirty days after the day the endorsement was made, the liability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nOBLIGATION OF ENDORSER (\u00a7 8.3A-415)\n\na. Subject to subsections (b), (c), and (d) and to § 8.3A-419 (d), if an\ninstrument is dishonored, an endorser is obliged to pay the amount due on the\ninstrument (i) according to the terms of the instrument at the time it was\nendorsed, or (ii) if the endorser endorsed an incomplete instrument, according\nto its terms when completed, to the extent stated in §§ 8.3A-115 and\n8.3A-407. The obligation of the endorser is owed to a person entitled to enforce\nthe instrument or to a subsequent endorser who paid the instrument under this\nsection.\n\nb. If an endorsement states that it is made “without recourse” or\notherwise disclaims liability of the endorser, the endorser is not liable under\nsubsection (a) to pay the instrument.\n\nc. If notice of dishonor of an instrument is required by § 8.3A-503 and\nnotice of dishonor complying with that section is not given to an endorser, the\nliability of the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.\n\nd. If a draft is accepted by a bank after an endorsement is made, the liability\nof the endorser under subsection (a) is discharged.\n\ne. If an endorser of a check is liable under subsection (a) and the check is not\npresented for payment, or given to a depositary bank for collection, within\nthirty days after the day the endorsement was made, the liability of the\nendorser under subsection (a) is discharged.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 6-390, 6-418 through 6-420, 6-471, 6-496, 6-497, 6-503,\n6-505, 6-539, 6-541 through 6-543; 1964, c. 219, \u00a7\u00a7 8.3-411, 8.3-414, 8.3-501,\n8.3-502; 1992, c. 693.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}