{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.3A-419.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.3A-419.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.3A-419.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.3A-419.html"}],"law_id":62031,"edition_id":1,"section_id":62031,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-419","catch_line":"Instruments signed for accommodation","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 6-381, 6-416; 1964, c. 219, \u00a7\u00a7 8.3-415, 8.3-416; 1992, c. 693.","full_text":"a\n\nIf an instrument is issued for value given for the benefit of a party to the instrument (“accommodated party”) and another party to the instrument (“accommodation party”) signs the instrument for the purpose of incurring liability on the instrument without being a direct beneficiary of the value given for the instrument, the instrument is signed by the accommodation party “for accommodation.”b\n\nAn accommodation party may sign the instrument as maker, drawer, acceptor, or endorser and, subject to subsection (d), is obliged to pay the instrument in the capacity in which the accommodation party signs. The obligation of an accommodation party may be enforced notwithstanding any statute of frauds and whether or not the accommodation party receives consideration for the accommodation.c\n\nA person signing an instrument is presumed to be an accommodation party and there is notice that the instrument is signed for accommodation if the signature is an anomalous endorsement or is accompanied by words indicating that the signer is acting as surety or guarantor with respect to the obligation of another party to the instrument. Except as provided in § 8.3A-605, the obligation of an accommodation party to pay the instrument is not affected by the fact that the person enforcing the obligation had notice when the instrument was taken by that person that the accommodation party signed the instrument for accommodation.d\n\nIf the signature of a party to an instrument is accompanied by words indicating unambiguously that the party is guaranteeing collection rather than payment of the obligation of another party to the instrument, the signer is obliged to pay the amount due on the instrument to a person entitled to enforce the instrument only if (i) execution of judgment against the other party has been returned unsatisfied, (ii) the other party is insolvent or in an insolvency proceeding, (iii) the other party cannot be served with process, or (iv) it is otherwise apparent that payment cannot be obtained from the other party.e\n\nAn accommodation party who pays the instrument is entitled to reimbursement from the accommodated party and is entitled to enforce the instrument against the accommodated party. An accommodated party who pays the instrument has no right of recourse against, and is not entitled to contribution from, an accommodation party.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":226372,"text":"If an instrument is issued for value given for the benefit of a party to the instrument (“accommodated party”) and another party to the instrument (“accommodation party”) signs the instrument for the purpose of incurring liability on the instrument without being a direct beneficiary of the value given for the instrument, the instrument is signed by the accommodation party “for accommodation.”","type":"section","prefixes":["a"],"prefix":"a","entire_prefix":"a","prefix_anchor":"a","level":1,"next_prefix":"b"},"1":{"id":226373,"text":"An accommodation party may sign the instrument as maker, drawer, acceptor, or endorser and, subject to subsection (d), is obliged to pay the instrument in the capacity in which the accommodation party signs. The obligation of an accommodation party may be enforced notwithstanding any statute of frauds and whether or not the accommodation party receives consideration for the accommodation.","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"a","next_prefix":"c"},"2":{"id":226374,"text":"A person signing an instrument is presumed to be an accommodation party and there is notice that the instrument is signed for accommodation if the signature is an anomalous endorsement or is accompanied by words indicating that the signer is acting as surety or guarantor with respect to the obligation of another party to the instrument. Except as provided in § 8.3A-605, the obligation of an accommodation party to pay the instrument is not affected by the fact that the person enforcing the obligation had notice when the instrument was taken by that person that the accommodation party signed the instrument for accommodation.","type":"section","prefixes":["c"],"prefix":"c","entire_prefix":"c","prefix_anchor":"c","level":1,"prior_prefix":"b","next_prefix":"d"},"3":{"id":226375,"text":"If the signature of a party to an instrument is accompanied by words indicating unambiguously that the party is guaranteeing collection rather than payment of the obligation of another party to the instrument, the signer is obliged to pay the amount due on the instrument to a person entitled to enforce the instrument only if (i) execution of judgment against the other party has been returned unsatisfied, (ii) the other party is insolvent or in an insolvency proceeding, (iii) the other party cannot be served with process, or (iv) it is otherwise apparent that payment cannot be obtained from the other party.","type":"section","prefixes":["d"],"prefix":"d","entire_prefix":"d","prefix_anchor":"d","level":1,"prior_prefix":"c","next_prefix":"e"},"4":{"id":226376,"text":"An accommodation party who pays the instrument is entitled to reimbursement from the accommodated party and is entitled to enforce the instrument against the accommodated party. An accommodated party who pays the instrument has no right of recourse against, and is not entitled to contribution from, an accommodation party.","type":"section","prefixes":["e"],"prefix":"e","entire_prefix":"e","prefix_anchor":"e","level":1,"prior_prefix":"d"}},"ancestry":[{"id":15041,"edition_id":1,"name":"Liability of Parties","identifier":"4","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13054,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:51:41","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:51:41","permalink":{"id":282869,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":15041,"identifier":"4","token":"8.3A\/4","url":"\/8.3A\/4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13054,"edition_id":1,"name":"Commercial Code \u2014 Negotiable Instruments","identifier":"8.3A","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:11","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:11","permalink":{"id":282705,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13054,"identifier":"8.3A","token":"8.3A","url":"\/8.3A\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":72303,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-401","catch_line":"Signature necessary for liability on instrument","url":"\/8.3A-401\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-401","metadata":false},{"id":57340,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-402","catch_line":"Signature by representative","url":"\/8.3A-402\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-402","metadata":false},{"id":73829,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-403","catch_line":"Unauthorized signature","url":"\/8.3A-403\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-403","metadata":false},{"id":82256,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-404","catch_line":"Impostors; fictitious payees","url":"\/8.3A-404\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-404","metadata":false},{"id":85778,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-405","catch_line":"Employer's responsibility for fraudulent endorsement by employee","url":"\/8.3A-405\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-405","metadata":false},{"id":86533,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-406","catch_line":"Negligence contributing to forged signature or alteration of instrument","url":"\/8.3A-406\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-406","metadata":false},{"id":76929,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-407","catch_line":"Alteration","url":"\/8.3A-407\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-407","metadata":false},{"id":72123,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-408","catch_line":"Drawee not liable on unaccepted draft","url":"\/8.3A-408\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-408","metadata":false},{"id":74394,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-409","catch_line":"Acceptance of draft; certified check","url":"\/8.3A-409\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-409","metadata":false},{"id":86849,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-410","catch_line":"Acceptance varying draft","url":"\/8.3A-410\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-410","metadata":false},{"id":76564,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-411","catch_line":"Refusal to pay cashier's checks, teller's checks, and certified checks","url":"\/8.3A-411\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-411","metadata":false},{"id":85403,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-412","catch_line":"Obligation of issuer of note or cashier's check","url":"\/8.3A-412\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-412","metadata":false},{"id":62163,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-413","catch_line":"Obligation of acceptor","url":"\/8.3A-413\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-413","metadata":false},{"id":81363,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-414","catch_line":"Obligation of drawer","url":"\/8.3A-414\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-414","metadata":false},{"id":78513,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-415","catch_line":"Obligation of endorser","url":"\/8.3A-415\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-415","metadata":false},{"id":58496,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-416","catch_line":"Transfer warranties","url":"\/8.3A-416\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-416","metadata":false},{"id":63742,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-417","catch_line":"Presentment warranties","url":"\/8.3A-417\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-417","metadata":false},{"id":68633,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-418","catch_line":"Payment or acceptance by mistake","url":"\/8.3A-418\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-418","metadata":false},{"id":62031,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-419","catch_line":"Instruments signed for accommodation","url":"\/8.3A-419\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-419","metadata":false},{"id":75961,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-420","catch_line":"Conversion of instrument","url":"\/8.3A-420\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-420","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":68633,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-418","catch_line":"Payment or acceptance by mistake","url":"\/8.3A-418\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-418","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":75961,"structure_id":15041,"section_number":"8.3A-420","catch_line":"Conversion of instrument","url":"\/8.3A-420\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-420","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.3A-419\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 2 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1964, chapter 219; in 1992, chapter 693.<\/p>","references":[{"id":77332,"section_number":"8.3A-103","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-103\/"},{"id":77257,"section_number":"8.3A-116","catch_line":"Joint and several liability; contribution","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-116\/"},{"id":78513,"section_number":"8.3A-415","catch_line":"Obligation of endorser","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-415\/"},{"id":71965,"section_number":"8.3A-605","catch_line":"Discharge of endorsers and accommodation parties","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-605\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":71965,"section_number":"8.3A-605","catch_line":"Discharge of endorsers and accommodation parties","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.3A-605\/"}],"permalink":{"id":282943,"object_type":"law","relational_id":62031,"identifier":"8.3A-419","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-419","url":"\/8.3A-419\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.3A-419\/","token":"8.3A\/4\/8.3A-419","dublin_core":{"Title":"Instruments signed for accommodation","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.3A-419","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

a.<\/span> If an instrument is issued for value given for the benefit of a party<\/span> to the instrument (“accommodated party<\/span>”) and another party<\/span> to the instrument (“accommodation party<\/span>”) signs the instrument for the purpose of incurring liability on the instrument without being a direct beneficiary of the value given for the instrument, the instrument is signed by the accommodation party<\/span> “for accommodation.” <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

b.<\/span> An accommodation party<\/span> may sign the instrument as maker, drawer, acceptor, or endorser and, subject to subsection (d), is obliged to pay the instrument in the capacity in which the accommodation party<\/span> signs. The obligation of an accommodation party<\/span> may be enforced notwithstanding any statute<\/span> of frauds<\/span> and whether or not the accommodation party<\/span> receives consideration for the accommodation. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

c.<\/span> A person signing an instrument is presumed to be an accommodation party<\/span> and there is notice that the instrument is signed for accommodation if the signature is an anomalous endorsement or is accompanied by words indicating that the signer is acting as surety<\/span> or guarantor with respect to the obligation of another party<\/span> to the instrument. Except as provided in § 8.3A-605<\/a>, the obligation of an accommodation party<\/span> to pay the instrument is not affected by the fact<\/span> that the person enforcing the obligation had notice when the instrument was taken by that person that the accommodation party<\/span> signed the instrument for accommodation. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

d.<\/span> If the signature of a party<\/span> to an instrument is accompanied by words indicating unambiguously that the party<\/span> is guaranteeing collection rather than payment of the obligation of another party<\/span> to the instrument, the signer is obliged to pay the amount due on the instrument to a person entitled to enforce the instrument only if (i) execution of judgment<\/span> against the other party<\/span> has been returned unsatisfied, (ii) the other party<\/span> is insolvent or in an insolvency proceeding, (iii) the other party<\/span> cannot be served with process, or (iv) it is otherwise apparent that payment cannot be obtained from the other party<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

e.<\/span> An accommodation party<\/span> who pays the instrument is entitled to reimbursement from the accommodated party<\/span> and is entitled to enforce the instrument against the accommodated party<\/span>. An accommodated party<\/span> who pays the instrument has no right of recourse against, and is not entitled to contribution from, an accommodation party<\/span>. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nINSTRUMENTS SIGNED FOR ACCOMMODATION (\u00a7 8.3A-419)\n\na. If an instrument is issued for value given for the benefit of a party to the\ninstrument (“accommodated party”) and another party to the\ninstrument (“accommodation party”) signs the instrument for the\npurpose of incurring liability on the instrument without being a direct\nbeneficiary of the value given for the instrument, the instrument is signed by\nthe accommodation party “for accommodation.”\n\nb. An accommodation party may sign the instrument as maker, drawer, acceptor, or\nendorser and, subject to subsection (d), is obliged to pay the instrument in the\ncapacity in which the accommodation party signs. The obligation of an\naccommodation party may be enforced notwithstanding any statute of frauds and\nwhether or not the accommodation party receives consideration for the\naccommodation.\n\nc. A person signing an instrument is presumed to be an accommodation party and\nthere is notice that the instrument is signed for accommodation if the signature\nis an anomalous endorsement or is accompanied by words indicating that the\nsigner is acting as surety or guarantor with respect to the obligation of\nanother party to the instrument. Except as provided in § 8.3A-605, the\nobligation of an accommodation party to pay the instrument is not affected by\nthe fact that the person enforcing the obligation had notice when the instrument\nwas taken by that person that the accommodation party signed the instrument for\naccommodation.\n\nd. If the signature of a party to an instrument is accompanied by words\nindicating unambiguously that the party is guaranteeing collection rather than\npayment of the obligation of another party to the instrument, the signer is\nobliged to pay the amount due on the instrument to a person entitled to enforce\nthe instrument only if (i) execution of judgment against the other party has\nbeen returned unsatisfied, (ii) the other party is insolvent or in an insolvency\nproceeding, (iii) the other party cannot be served with process, or (iv) it is\notherwise apparent that payment cannot be obtained from the other party.\n\ne. An accommodation party who pays the instrument is entitled to reimbursement\nfrom the accommodated party and is entitled to enforce the instrument against\nthe accommodated party. An accommodated party who pays the instrument has no\nright of recourse against, and is not entitled to contribution from, an\naccommodation party.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7\u00a7 6-381, 6-416; 1964, c. 219, \u00a7\u00a7 8.3-415, 8.3-416;\n1992, c. 693.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}