{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.4-303.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.4-303.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.4-303.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.4-303.html"}],"law_id":82797,"edition_id":1,"section_id":82797,"structure_id":14151,"section_number":"8.4-303","catch_line":"When items subject to notice, stop-payment order, legal process or setoff; order in which items may be charged or certified","history":"1964, c. 219; 1992, c. 693.","full_text":"a\n\nAny knowledge, notice or stop-payment order received by, legal process served upon, or setoff exercised by a payor bank, comes too late to terminate, suspend or modify the bank’s right or duty to pay an item or to charge its customer’s account for the item if the knowledge, notice, stop-payment order or legal process is received or served and a reasonable time for the bank to act thereon expires or the setoff is exercised after the earliest of the following:1\n\nthe bank accepts or certifies the item;2\n\nthe bank pays the item in cash;3\n\nthe bank settles for the item without having a right to revoke the settlement under statute, clearing-house rule or agreement;4\n\nthe bank becomes accountable for the amount of the item under § 8.4-302 dealing with the payor bank’s responsibility for late return of items; or5\n\nwith respect to checks, a cut-off hour no earlier than one hour after the opening of the next banking day after the banking day on which the bank received the check and no later than the close of that next banking day or, if no cut-off hour is fixed, the close of the next business day after the banking day on which the bank received the check.b\n\nSubject to subsection (a) items may be accepted, paid, certified or charged to the indicated account of its customer in any order convenient to the bank.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":296806,"text":"Any knowledge, notice or stop-payment order received by, legal process served upon, or setoff exercised by a payor bank, comes too late to terminate, suspend or modify the bank’s right or duty to pay an item or to charge its customer’s account for the item if the knowledge, notice, stop-payment order or legal process is received or served and a reasonable time for the bank to act thereon expires or the setoff is exercised after the earliest of the following:","type":"section","prefixes":["a"],"prefix":"a","entire_prefix":"a","prefix_anchor":"a","level":1,"next_prefix":"a1"},"1":{"id":296807,"text":"the bank accepts or certifies the item;","type":"section","prefixes":["a","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"a1","prefix_anchor":"a1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a","next_prefix":"a2"},"2":{"id":296808,"text":"the bank pays the item in cash;","type":"section","prefixes":["a","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"a2","prefix_anchor":"a2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a1","next_prefix":"a3"},"3":{"id":296809,"text":"the bank settles for the item without having a right to revoke the settlement under statute, clearing-house rule or agreement;","type":"section","prefixes":["a","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"a3","prefix_anchor":"a3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a2","next_prefix":"a4"},"4":{"id":296810,"text":"the bank becomes accountable for the amount of the item under § 8.4-302 dealing with the payor bank’s responsibility for late return of items; or","type":"section","prefixes":["a","4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"a4","prefix_anchor":"a4","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a3","next_prefix":"a5"},"5":{"id":296811,"text":"with respect to checks, a cut-off hour no earlier than one hour after the opening of the next banking day after the banking day on which the bank received the check and no later than the close of that next banking day or, if no cut-off hour is fixed, the close of the next business day after the banking day on which the bank received the check.","type":"section","prefixes":["a","5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"a5","prefix_anchor":"a5","level":2,"prior_prefix":"a4","next_prefix":"b"},"6":{"id":296812,"text":"Subject to subsection (a) items may be accepted, paid, certified or charged to the indicated account of its customer in any order convenient to the bank.","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"a5"}},"ancestry":[{"id":14151,"edition_id":1,"name":"Collection of Items: Payor Banks","identifier":"3","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12768,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:47:03","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:47:03","permalink":{"id":283125,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":14151,"identifier":"3","token":"8.4\/3","url":"\/8.4\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12768,"edition_id":1,"name":"Commercial Code \u2014 Bank Deposits and Collections","identifier":"8.4","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:52","permalink":{"id":282995,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12768,"identifier":"8.4","token":"8.4","url":"\/8.4\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":58497,"structure_id":14151,"section_number":"8.4-301","catch_line":"Deferred posting; recovery of payment by return of items; time of dishonor; return of items by payor bank","url":"\/8.4-301\/","token":"8.4\/3\/8.4-301","metadata":false},{"id":55309,"structure_id":14151,"section_number":"8.4-302","catch_line":"Payor bank's responsibility for late return of item","url":"\/8.4-302\/","token":"8.4\/3\/8.4-302","metadata":false},{"id":82797,"structure_id":14151,"section_number":"8.4-303","catch_line":"When items subject to notice, stop-payment order, legal process or setoff; order in which items may be charged or certified","url":"\/8.4-303\/","token":"8.4\/3\/8.4-303","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":55309,"structure_id":14151,"section_number":"8.4-302","catch_line":"Payor bank's responsibility for late return of item","url":"\/8.4-302\/","token":"8.4\/3\/8.4-302","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.4-303\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1964. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 219 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1964 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1992, chapter 693.<\/p>","references":[{"id":69237,"section_number":"8.4-401","catch_line":"When bank may charge customer's account","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.4-401\/"},{"id":67226,"section_number":"8.4-403","catch_line":"Customer's right to stop payment; burden of proof of loss","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.4-403\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":55309,"section_number":"8.4-302","catch_line":"Payor bank's responsibility for late return of item","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.4-302\/"}],"permalink":{"id":283135,"object_type":"law","relational_id":82797,"identifier":"8.4-303","token":"8.4\/3\/8.4-303","url":"\/8.4-303\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.4-303\/","token":"8.4\/3\/8.4-303","dublin_core":{"Title":"When items subject to notice, stop-payment order, legal process or setoff; order in which items may be charged or certified","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.4-303","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

a.<\/span> Any knowledge, notice or stop-payment order<\/span> received by, legal process served upon, or setoff exercised by a payor bank<\/span>, comes too late to terminate, suspend or modify the bank’s right or duty to pay an item or to charge its customer’s account for the item if the knowledge, notice, stop-payment order<\/span> or legal process is received or served and a reasonable time for the bank to act thereon expires or the setoff is exercised after the earliest of the following: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> the bank accepts or certifies the item; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> the bank pays the item in cash; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> the bank settles for the item without having a right to revoke the settlement<\/span> under statute<\/span>, clearing-house rule or agreement; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> the bank becomes accountable for the amount of the item under § 8.4-302<\/a> dealing with the payor bank<\/span>’s responsibility for late return of items; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> with respect to checks, a cut-off hour no earlier than one hour after the opening of the next banking day after the banking day on which the bank received the check and no later than the close of that next banking day or, if no cut-off hour is fixed, the close of the next business day after the banking day on which the bank received the check. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

b.<\/span> Subject to subsection (a) items may be accepted, paid, certified or charged to the indicated account of its customer in any order<\/span> convenient to the bank. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nWHEN ITEMS SUBJECT TO NOTICE, STOP-PAYMENT ORDER, LEGAL PROCESS OR SETOFF; ORDER\nIN WHICH ITEMS MAY BE CHARGED OR CERTIFIED (\u00a7 8.4-303)\n\na. Any knowledge, notice or stop-payment order received by, legal process served\nupon, or setoff exercised by a payor bank, comes too late to terminate, suspend\nor modify the bank’s right or duty to pay an item or to charge its\ncustomer’s account for the item if the knowledge, notice, stop-payment\norder or legal process is received or served and a reasonable time for the bank\nto act thereon expires or the setoff is exercised after the earliest of the\nfollowing:\n\n 1. the bank accepts or certifies the item;\n\n 2. the bank pays the item in cash;\n\n 3. the bank settles for the item without having a right to revoke the\n settlement under statute, clearing-house rule or agreement;\n\n 4. the bank becomes accountable for the amount of the item under §\n 8.4-302 dealing with the payor bank’s responsibility for late return of\n items; or\n\n 5. with respect to checks, a cut-off hour no earlier than one hour after the\n opening of the next banking day after the banking day on which the bank\n received the check and no later than the close of that next banking day or, if\n no cut-off hour is fixed, the close of the next business day after the banking\n day on which the bank received the check.\n\nb. Subject to subsection (a) items may be accepted, paid, certified or charged\nto the indicated account of its customer in any order convenient to the bank.\n\nHISTORY: 1964, c. 219; 1992, c. 693.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}