{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.8A-205.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.8A-205.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.8A-205.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.8A-205.html"}],"law_id":71110,"edition_id":1,"section_id":71110,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-205","catch_line":"Effect of unauthorized signature on security certificate","history":"1996, c. 216.","full_text":"An unauthorized signature placed on a security certificate before or in the course of issue is ineffective, but the signature is effective in favor of a purchaser for value of the certificated security if the purchaser is without notice of the lack of authority and the signing has been done by:\n\n1\n\nan authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or other person entrusted by the issuer with the signing of the security certificate or of similar security certificates, or the immediate preparation for signing of any of them; or2\n\nan employee of the issuer, or of any of the persons listed in paragraph (1), entrusted with responsible handling of the security certificate.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":256387,"text":"An unauthorized signature placed on a security certificate before or in the course of issue is ineffective, but the signature is effective in favor of a purchaser for value of the certificated security if the purchaser is without notice of the lack of authority and the signing has been done by:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":256388,"text":"an authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or other person entrusted by the issuer with the signing of the security certificate or of similar security certificates, or the immediate preparation for signing of any of them; or","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":256389,"text":"an employee of the issuer, or of any of the persons listed in paragraph (1), entrusted with responsible handling of the security certificate.","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13974,"edition_id":1,"name":"Issue and Issuer","identifier":"2","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13421,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:28","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:28","permalink":{"id":283679,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13974,"identifier":"2","token":"8.8A\/2","url":"\/8.8A\/2\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13421,"edition_id":1,"name":"Commercial Code \u2014 Investment Securities","identifier":"8.8A","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:52","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:52","permalink":{"id":283611,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13421,"identifier":"8.8A","token":"8.8A","url":"\/8.8A\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":78433,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-201","catch_line":"Issuer","url":"\/8.8A-201\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-201","metadata":false},{"id":63843,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-202","catch_line":"Issuer's responsibility and defenses; notice of defect or defense","url":"\/8.8A-202\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-202","metadata":false},{"id":58495,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-203","catch_line":"Staleness as notice of defect or defense","url":"\/8.8A-203\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-203","metadata":false},{"id":64382,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-204","catch_line":"Effect of issuer's restriction on transfer","url":"\/8.8A-204\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-204","metadata":false},{"id":71110,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-205","catch_line":"Effect of unauthorized signature on security certificate","url":"\/8.8A-205\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-205","metadata":false},{"id":78840,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-206","catch_line":"Completion or alteration of security certificate","url":"\/8.8A-206\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-206","metadata":false},{"id":55037,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-207","catch_line":"Rights and duties of issuer with respect to registered owners","url":"\/8.8A-207\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-207","metadata":false},{"id":86239,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-208","catch_line":"Effect of signature of authenticating trustee, registrar or transfer agent","url":"\/8.8A-208\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-208","metadata":false},{"id":73773,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-209","catch_line":"Issuer's lien","url":"\/8.8A-209\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-209","metadata":false},{"id":65945,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-210","catch_line":"Overissue","url":"\/8.8A-210\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-210","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":64382,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-204","catch_line":"Effect of issuer's restriction on transfer","url":"\/8.8A-204\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-204","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":78840,"structure_id":13974,"section_number":"8.8A-206","catch_line":"Completion or alteration of security certificate","url":"\/8.8A-206\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-206","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.8A-205\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1996. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 216<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":[{"id":63843,"section_number":"8.8A-202","catch_line":"Issuer's responsibility and defenses; notice of defect or defense","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.8A-202\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":283697,"object_type":"law","relational_id":71110,"identifier":"8.8A-205","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-205","url":"\/8.8A-205\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.8A-205\/","token":"8.8A\/2\/8.8A-205","dublin_core":{"Title":"Effect of unauthorized signature on security certificate","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.8A-205","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

An unauthorized signature placed on a security certificate before or in the course of issue<\/span> is ineffective, but the signature is effective in favor of a purchaser for value of the certificated security if the purchaser is without notice of the lack of authority and the signing has been done by:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> an authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or other person entrusted by the issuer with the signing of the security certificate or of similar security certificates, or the immediate preparation for signing of any of them; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> an employee of the issuer, or of any of the persons listed in paragraph (1), entrusted with responsible handling of the security certificate. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nEFFECT OF UNAUTHORIZED SIGNATURE ON SECURITY CERTIFICATE (\u00a7 8.8A-205)\n\nAn unauthorized signature placed on a security certificate before or in the\ncourse of issue is ineffective, but the signature is effective in favor of a\npurchaser for value of the certificated security if the purchaser is without\nnotice of the lack of authority and the signing has been done by:\n\n1. an authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or other person\nentrusted by the issuer with the signing of the security certificate or of\nsimilar security certificates, or the immediate preparation for signing of any\nof them; or\n\n2. an employee of the issuer, or of any of the persons listed in paragraph (1),\nentrusted with responsible handling of the security certificate.\n\nHISTORY: 1996, c. 216.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}