{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/8.9A-307.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/8.9A-307.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/8.9A-307.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/8.9A-307.html"}],"law_id":68831,"edition_id":1,"section_id":68831,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-307","catch_line":"Location of debtor","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 55-9; 1964, c. 219, \u00a7 8.9-103; 1973, c. 509; 1984, c. 613; 1996, c. 216; 1997, c. 343; 2000, c. 1007; 2012, c. 155.","full_text":"(a)”Place of business.” In this section, “place of business” means a place where a debtor conducts its affairs.\n\nb\n\nDebtor’s location; general rules. Except as otherwise provided in this section, the following rules determine a debtor’s location:1\n\nA debtor who is an individual is located at the individual’s principal residence.2\n\nA debtor that is an organization and has only one place of business is located at its place of business.3\n\nA debtor that is an organization and has more than one place of business is located at its chief executive office.c\n\nLimitation of applicability of subsection (b). Subsection (b) applies only if a debtor’s residence, place of business, or chief executive office, as applicable, is located in a jurisdiction whose law generally requires information concerning the existence of a nonpossessory security interest to be made generally available in a filing, recording, or registration system as a condition or result of the security interest’s obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. If subsection (b) does not apply, the debtor is located in the District of Columbia.d\n\nContinuation of location; cessation of existence, etc. A person that ceases to exist, have a residence, or have a place of business continues to be located in the jurisdiction specified by subsections (b) and (c).e\n\nLocation of registered organization organized under state law. A registered organization that is organized under the law of a state is located in that state.f\n\nLocation of registered organization organized under federal law; bank branches and agencies. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (i), a registered organization that is organized under the law of the United States and a branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law of the United States or a state are located:1\n\nin the state that the law of the United States designates, if the law designates a state of location;2\n\nin the state that the registered organization, branch, or agency designates, if the law of the United States authorizes the registered organization, branch, or agency to designate its state of location, including by designating its main office, home office, or other comparable office; or3\n\nin the District of Columbia, if neither paragraph (1) nor paragraph (2) applies.g\n\nContinuation of location; change in status of registered organization. A registered organization continues to be located in the jurisdiction specified by subsection (e) or (f) notwithstanding:1\n\nthe suspension, revocation, forfeiture, or lapse of the registered organization’s status as such in its jurisdiction of organization; or2\n\nthe dissolution, winding up, or cancellation of the existence of the registered organization.h\n\nLocation of United States. The United States is located in the District of Columbia.i\n\nLocation of foreign bank branch or agency if licensed in only one state. A branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law of the United States or a state is located in the state in which the branch or agency is licensed, if all branches and agencies of the bank are licensed in only one state.j\n\nLocation of foreign air carrier. A foreign air carrier under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended, is located at the designated office of the agent upon which service of process may be made on behalf of the carrier.k\n\nApplies only to this part. This section applies only for purposes of this part.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":249159,"text":"(a)”Place of business.” In this section, “place of business” means a place where a debtor conducts its affairs.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"b"},"1":{"id":249160,"text":"Debtor’s location; general rules. Except as otherwise provided in this section, the following rules determine a debtor’s location:","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"b1"},"2":{"id":249161,"text":"A debtor who is an individual is located at the individual’s principal residence.","type":"section","prefixes":["b","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"b1","prefix_anchor":"b1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"b","next_prefix":"b2"},"3":{"id":249162,"text":"A debtor that is an organization and has only one place of business is located at its place of business.","type":"section","prefixes":["b","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"b2","prefix_anchor":"b2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"b1","next_prefix":"b3"},"4":{"id":249163,"text":"A debtor that is an organization and has more than one place of business is located at its chief executive office.","type":"section","prefixes":["b","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"b3","prefix_anchor":"b3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"b2","next_prefix":"c"},"5":{"id":249164,"text":"Limitation of applicability of subsection (b). Subsection (b) applies only if a debtor’s residence, place of business, or chief executive office, as applicable, is located in a jurisdiction whose law generally requires information concerning the existence of a nonpossessory security interest to be made generally available in a filing, recording, or registration system as a condition or result of the security interest’s obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. If subsection (b) does not apply, the debtor is located in the District of Columbia.","type":"section","prefixes":["c"],"prefix":"c","entire_prefix":"c","prefix_anchor":"c","level":1,"prior_prefix":"b3","next_prefix":"d"},"6":{"id":249165,"text":"Continuation of location; cessation of existence, etc. A person that ceases to exist, have a residence, or have a place of business continues to be located in the jurisdiction specified by subsections (b) and (c).","type":"section","prefixes":["d"],"prefix":"d","entire_prefix":"d","prefix_anchor":"d","level":1,"prior_prefix":"c","next_prefix":"e"},"7":{"id":249166,"text":"Location of registered organization organized under state law. A registered organization that is organized under the law of a state is located in that state.","type":"section","prefixes":["e"],"prefix":"e","entire_prefix":"e","prefix_anchor":"e","level":1,"prior_prefix":"d","next_prefix":"f"},"8":{"id":249167,"text":"Location of registered organization organized under federal law; bank branches and agencies. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (i), a registered organization that is organized under the law of the United States and a branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law of the United States or a state are located:","type":"section","prefixes":["f"],"prefix":"f","entire_prefix":"f","prefix_anchor":"f","level":1,"prior_prefix":"e","next_prefix":"f1"},"9":{"id":249168,"text":"in the state that the law of the United States designates, if the law designates a state of location;","type":"section","prefixes":["f","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"f1","prefix_anchor":"f1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"f","next_prefix":"f2"},"10":{"id":249169,"text":"in the state that the registered organization, branch, or agency designates, if the law of the United States authorizes the registered organization, branch, or agency to designate its state of location, including by designating its main office, home office, or other comparable office; or","type":"section","prefixes":["f","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"f2","prefix_anchor":"f2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"f1","next_prefix":"f3"},"11":{"id":249170,"text":"in the District of Columbia, if neither paragraph (1) nor paragraph (2) applies.","type":"section","prefixes":["f","3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"f3","prefix_anchor":"f3","level":2,"prior_prefix":"f2","next_prefix":"g"},"12":{"id":249171,"text":"Continuation of location; change in status of registered organization. A registered organization continues to be located in the jurisdiction specified by subsection (e) or (f) notwithstanding:","type":"section","prefixes":["g"],"prefix":"g","entire_prefix":"g","prefix_anchor":"g","level":1,"prior_prefix":"f3","next_prefix":"g1"},"13":{"id":249172,"text":"the suspension, revocation, forfeiture, or lapse of the registered organization’s status as such in its jurisdiction of organization; or","type":"section","prefixes":["g","1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"g1","prefix_anchor":"g1","level":2,"prior_prefix":"g","next_prefix":"g2"},"14":{"id":249173,"text":"the dissolution, winding up, or cancellation of the existence of the registered organization.","type":"section","prefixes":["g","2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"g2","prefix_anchor":"g2","level":2,"prior_prefix":"g1","next_prefix":"h"},"15":{"id":249174,"text":"Location of United States. The United States is located in the District of Columbia.","type":"section","prefixes":["h"],"prefix":"h","entire_prefix":"h","prefix_anchor":"h","level":1,"prior_prefix":"g2","next_prefix":"i"},"16":{"id":249175,"text":"Location of foreign bank branch or agency if licensed in only one state. A branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law of the United States or a state is located in the state in which the branch or agency is licensed, if all branches and agencies of the bank are licensed in only one state.","type":"section","prefixes":["i"],"prefix":"i","entire_prefix":"i","prefix_anchor":"i","level":1,"prior_prefix":"h","next_prefix":"j"},"17":{"id":249176,"text":"Location of foreign air carrier. A foreign air carrier under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended, is located at the designated office of the agent upon which service of process may be made on behalf of the carrier.","type":"section","prefixes":["j"],"prefix":"j","entire_prefix":"j","prefix_anchor":"j","level":1,"prior_prefix":"i","next_prefix":"k"},"18":{"id":249177,"text":"Applies only to this part. This section applies only for purposes of this part.","type":"section","prefixes":["k"],"prefix":"k","entire_prefix":"k","prefix_anchor":"k","level":1,"prior_prefix":"j"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13859,"edition_id":1,"name":"Law Governing Perfection and Priority","identifier":"1","label":"subpart","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13858,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:06","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:06","permalink":{"id":283945,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13859,"identifier":"1","token":"8.9A\/3\/1","url":"\/8.9A\/3\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13858,"edition_id":1,"name":"Perfection and Priority","identifier":"3","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":13277,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:46:06","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:46:06","permalink":{"id":283943,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13858,"identifier":"3","token":"8.9A\/3","url":"\/8.9A\/3\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":13277,"edition_id":1,"name":"Commercial Code \u2014 Secured Transactions","identifier":"8.9A","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:33","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:33","permalink":{"id":283833,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13277,"identifier":"8.9A","token":"8.9A","url":"\/8.9A\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":70455,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-301","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of security interests","url":"\/8.9A-301\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-301","metadata":false},{"id":73690,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-302","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of agricultural liens","url":"\/8.9A-302\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-302","metadata":false},{"id":56057,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-303","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title","url":"\/8.9A-303\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-303","metadata":false},{"id":72095,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-304","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts","url":"\/8.9A-304\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-304","metadata":false},{"id":79061,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-305","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in investment property","url":"\/8.9A-305\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-305","metadata":false},{"id":71376,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-306","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights","url":"\/8.9A-306\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-306","metadata":false},{"id":55662,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-306.1","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in chattel paper","url":"\/8.9A-306.1\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-306.1","metadata":false},{"id":54882,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-306.2","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, and controllable payment intangibles","url":"\/8.9A-306.2\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-306.2","metadata":false},{"id":68831,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-307","catch_line":"Location of debtor","url":"\/8.9A-307\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-307","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":54882,"structure_id":13859,"section_number":"8.9A-306.2","catch_line":"Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in controllable accounts, controllable electronic records, and controllable payment intangibles","url":"\/8.9A-306.2\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-306.2","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.9A-307\/","history_text":"

The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 7 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1964, chapter 219; in 1973, chapter 509; in 1984, chapter 613; in 1996, chapter 216<\/a>; in 1997, chapter 343<\/a>; in 2000, chapter 1007<\/a>; in 2012, chapter 155<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":58892,"section_number":"8.1A-301","catch_line":"Territorial applicability; parties' power to choose applicable law","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.1A-301\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":283979,"object_type":"law","relational_id":68831,"identifier":"8.9A-307","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-307","url":"\/8.9A-307\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.9A-307\/","token":"8.9A\/3\/1\/8.9A-307","dublin_core":{"Title":"Location of debtor","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.9A-307","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

(a)”Place of business.” In this section, “place of business” means a place where a debtor conducts its affairs.<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

b.<\/span> Debtor’s location; general rules. Except as otherwise provided in this section, the following rules determine a debtor’s location: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> A debtor who is an individual is located at the individual’s principal residence. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> A debtor that is an organization and has only one place of business is located at its place of business. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> A debtor that is an organization and has more than one place of business is located at its chief executive office. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

c.<\/span> Limitation of applicability of subsection (b). Subsection (b) applies only if a debtor’s residence, place of business, or chief executive office, as applicable, is located in a jurisdiction<\/span> whose law<\/span> generally requires information concerning the existence of a nonpossessory security interest to be made generally available in a filing, recording, or registration system as a condition or result of the security interest’s obtaining priority over the rights of a lien<\/span> creditor<\/span> with respect to the collateral<\/span>. If subsection (b) does not apply, the debtor is located in the District of Columbia. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

d.<\/span> Continuation of location; cessation of existence, etc. A person that ceases to exist, have a residence, or have a place of business continues to be located in the jurisdiction<\/span> specified by subsections (b) and (c). <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

e.<\/span> Location of registered organization organized under state law<\/span>. A registered organization that is organized under the law<\/span> of a state is located in that state. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

f.<\/span> Location of registered organization organized under federal law<\/span>; bank branches and agencies. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (i), a registered organization that is organized under the law<\/span> of the United States and a branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law<\/span> of the United States or a state are located: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> in the state that the law<\/span> of the United States designates, if the law<\/span> designates a state of location; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> in the state that the registered organization, branch, or agency designates, if the law<\/span> of the United States authorizes the registered organization, branch, or agency to designate its state of location, including by designating its main office, home office, or other comparable office; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> in the District of Columbia, if neither paragraph (1) nor paragraph (2) applies. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

g.<\/span> Continuation of location; change in status of registered organization. A registered organization continues to be located in the jurisdiction<\/span> specified by subsection (e) or (f) notwithstanding: <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> the suspension, revocation<\/span>, forfeiture, or lapse of the registered organization’s status as such in its jurisdiction<\/span> of organization; or <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> the dissolution, winding up, or cancellation of the existence of the registered organization. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

h.<\/span> Location of United States. The United States is located in the District of Columbia. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

i.<\/span> Location of foreign bank branch or agency if licensed in only one state. A branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law<\/span> of the United States or a state is located in the state in which the branch or agency is licensed, if all branches and agencies of the bank are licensed in only one state. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

j.<\/span> Location of foreign air carrier. A foreign air carrier under the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as amended, is located at the designated office of the agent upon which service of process<\/span> may be made on behalf of the carrier. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

k.<\/span> Applies only to this part. This section applies only for purposes of this part. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLOCATION OF DEBTOR (\u00a7 8.9A-307)\n\n(a)”Place of business.” In this section, “place of\nbusiness” means a place where a debtor conducts its affairs.\n\nb. Debtor’s location; general rules. Except as otherwise provided in this\nsection, the following rules determine a debtor’s location:\n\n 1. A debtor who is an individual is located at the individual’s\n principal residence.\n\n 2. A debtor that is an organization and has only one place of business is\n located at its place of business.\n\n 3. A debtor that is an organization and has more than one place of business is\n located at its chief executive office.\n\nc. Limitation of applicability of subsection (b). Subsection (b) applies only if\na debtor’s residence, place of business, or chief executive office, as\napplicable, is located in a jurisdiction whose law generally requires\ninformation concerning the existence of a nonpossessory security interest to be\nmade generally available in a filing, recording, or registration system as a\ncondition or result of the security interest’s obtaining priority over the\nrights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. If subsection (b) does\nnot apply, the debtor is located in the District of Columbia.\n\nd. Continuation of location; cessation of existence, etc. A person that ceases\nto exist, have a residence, or have a place of business continues to be located\nin the jurisdiction specified by subsections (b) and (c).\n\ne. Location of registered organization organized under state law. A registered\norganization that is organized under the law of a state is located in that\nstate.\n\nf. Location of registered organization organized under federal law; bank\nbranches and agencies. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (i), a\nregistered organization that is organized under the law of the United States and\na branch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law of the United\nStates or a state are located:\n\n 1. in the state that the law of the United States designates, if the law\n designates a state of location;\n\n 2. in the state that the registered organization, branch, or agency\n designates, if the law of the United States authorizes the registered\n organization, branch, or agency to designate its state of location, including\n by designating its main office, home office, or other comparable office; or\n\n 3. in the District of Columbia, if neither paragraph (1) nor paragraph (2)\n applies.\n\ng. Continuation of location; change in status of registered organization. A\nregistered organization continues to be located in the jurisdiction specified by\nsubsection (e) or (f) notwithstanding:\n\n 1. the suspension, revocation, forfeiture, or lapse of the registered\n organization’s status as such in its jurisdiction of organization; or\n\n 2. the dissolution, winding up, or cancellation of the existence of the\n registered organization.\n\nh. Location of United States. The United States is located in the District of\nColumbia.\n\ni. Location of foreign bank branch or agency if licensed in only one state. A\nbranch or agency of a bank that is not organized under the law of the United\nStates or a state is located in the state in which the branch or agency is\nlicensed, if all branches and agencies of the bank are licensed in only one\nstate.\n\nj. Location of foreign air carrier. A foreign air carrier under the Federal\nAviation Act of 1958, as amended, is located at the designated office of the\nagent upon which service of process may be made on behalf of the carrier.\n\nk. Applies only to this part. This section applies only for purposes of this\npart.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 55-9; 1964, c. 219, \u00a7 8.9-103; 1973, c. 509; 1984, c.\n613; 1996, c. 216; 1997, c. 343; 2000, c. 1007; 2012, c. 155.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}