{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-json\/9.1-102.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-text\/9.1-102.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-xml\/9.1-102.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2025\/code-html\/9.1-102.html"}],"law_id":54198,"edition_id":1,"section_id":54198,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-102","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Board and the Department","history":"1981, c. 632, \u00a7 9-170; 1982, c. 473; 1984, cc. 515; 779; 1986, c. 128; 1988, cc. 46, 560; 1990, c. 632; 1991, c. 345; 1994, cc. 850, 905; 1996, cc. 154, 866, 952; 1998, cc. 31, 471, 523; 1999, cc. 307, 495; 2000, c. 561; 2001, cc. 162, 210, 434, 458, 844; 2002, cc. 490, 810, 818, 836, 868; 2004, cc. 397, 460, 972, 980, 1016; 2005, cc. 868, 881; 2006, cc. 203, 233, 857, 914; 2008, cc. 328, 600, 771; 2009, c. 715; 2010, c. 224; 2011, cc. 579, 635, 719, 821, 854; 2012, cc. 140, 159, 803, 827, 835; 2014, cc. 7, 158, 265; 2015, cc. 38, 205, 222, 223, 278, 402, 730; 2016, cc. 197, 235, 256, 481, 560; 2017, cc. 311, 758; 2019, cc. 366, 487, 488, 493; 2020, cc. 123, 184, 526, 535, 638, 1206, 1262; 2020, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 27, 32, 36, 37, 41, 42, 48, 55; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c. 467; 2022, cc. 45, 46, 751; 2023, c. 331; 2024, cc. 141, 366, 367, 494, 556, 698, 742, 773; 2025, cc. 231, 273, 619, 639, 667, 698.","full_text":"The Department, under the direction of the Board, which shall be the policy-making body for carrying out the duties and powers hereunder, shall have the power and duty to:\n\n1\n\nAdopt regulations, pursuant to the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq.), for the administration of this chapter including the authority to require the submission of reports and information by law-enforcement officers within the Commonwealth. Any proposed regulations concerning the privacy, confidentiality, and security of criminal justice information shall be submitted for review and comment to any board, commission, or committee or other body which may be established by the General Assembly to regulate the privacy, confidentiality, and security of information collected and maintained by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof;2\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum training standards subsequent to employment as a law-enforcement officer in (i) permanent positions and (ii) temporary or probationary status and establish the time required for completion of such training. Such compulsory minimum training standards shall include crisis intervention training in accordance with clause (i) of § 9.1-188;3\n\nEstablish minimum training standards and qualifications for certification and recertification for law-enforcement officers serving as field training officers;4\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum curriculum requirements for in-service and advanced courses and programs for schools, whether located in or outside the Commonwealth, which are operated for the specific purpose of training law-enforcement officers;5\n\nEstablish (i) compulsory minimum training standards for law-enforcement officers who utilize radar or an electrical or microcomputer device to measure the speed of motor vehicles as provided in § 46.2-882 and establish the time required for completion of the training and (ii) compulsory minimum qualifications for certification and recertification of instructors who provide such training;6\n\n[Repealed];7\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service and advanced training standards for those persons designated to provide courthouse and courtroom security pursuant to the provisions of § 53.1-120, and to establish the time required for completion of such training;8\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service and advanced training standards for deputy sheriffs designated to serve process pursuant to the provisions of § 8.01-293, and establish the time required for the completion of such training;9\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service, and advanced training standards, as well as the time required for completion of such training, for persons employed as deputy sheriffs and jail officers by local criminal justice agencies and correctional officers employed by the Department of Corrections under the provisions of Title 53.1. For deputy sheriffs and jail officers who are employees of local or regional correctional facilities and correctional officers employed by the Department of Corrections, such standards shall include training on the general care of pregnant women, the impact of restraints on pregnant inmates and fetuses, the impact of being placed in restrictive housing or solitary confinement on pregnant inmates, and the impact of body cavity searches on pregnant inmates;10\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum training standards for all dispatchers employed by or in any local or state government agency, whose duties include the dispatching of law-enforcement personnel. Such training standards shall apply only to dispatchers hired on or after July 1, 1988. Such training shall include training in the identification of, communication with, and facilitation of the safe return of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, which shall include (i) techniques for respectful and effective communication with individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and their caregivers; (ii) techniques for addressing the behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, including alternatives to physical restraint; (iii) protocols for identifying and reporting incidents of abuse, neglect, and exploitation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia to adult protective services; (iv) protocols for contacting caregivers when an individual with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia is found wandering or during an emergency or crisis situation; (v) a reference list of local resources available for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia; and (vi) a reference list of local and national organizations that assist law-enforcement personnel with locating missing and wandering individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and returning them to their caregivers;11\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum training standards for all auxiliary police officers employed by or in any local or state government agency. Such training shall be graduated and based on the type of duties to be performed by the auxiliary police officers. Such training standards shall not apply to auxiliary police officers exempt pursuant to § 15.2-1731;12\n\nConsult and cooperate with counties, municipalities, agencies of the Commonwealth, other state and federal governmental agencies, and institutions of higher education within or outside the Commonwealth, concerning the development of police training schools and programs or courses of instruction;13\n\nApprove institutions, curricula and facilities, whether located in or outside the Commonwealth, for school operation for the specific purpose of training law-enforcement officers; but this shall not prevent the holding of any such school whether approved or not;14\n\nEstablish and maintain police training programs through such agencies and institutions as the Board deems appropriate;15\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum qualifications of certification and recertification for instructors in criminal justice training academies approved by the Department;16\n\nConduct and stimulate research by public and private agencies which shall be designed to improve police administration and law enforcement;17\n\nMake recommendations concerning any matter within its purview pursuant to this chapter;18\n\nCoordinate its activities with those of any interstate system for the exchange of criminal history record information, nominate one or more of its members to serve upon the council or committee of any such system, and participate when and as deemed appropriate in any such system’s activities and programs;19\n\nConduct inquiries and investigations it deems appropriate to carry out its functions under this chapter and, in conducting such inquiries and investigations, may require any criminal justice agency to submit information, reports, and statistical data with respect to its policy and operation of information systems or with respect to its collection, storage, dissemination, and usage of criminal history record information and correctional status information, and such criminal justice agencies shall submit such information, reports, and data as are reasonably required;20\n\nConduct audits as required by § 9.1-131;21\n\nConduct a continuing study and review of questions of individual privacy and confidentiality of criminal history record information and correctional status information;22\n\nAdvise criminal justice agencies and initiate educational programs for such agencies with respect to matters of privacy, confidentiality, and security as they pertain to criminal history record information and correctional status information;23\n\nMaintain a liaison with any board, commission, committee, or other body which may be established by law, executive order, or resolution to regulate the privacy and security of information collected by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof;24\n\nAdopt regulations establishing guidelines and standards for the collection, storage, and dissemination of criminal history record information and correctional status information, and the privacy, confidentiality, and security thereof necessary to implement state and federal statutes, regulations, and court orders;25\n\nOperate a statewide criminal justice research center, which shall maintain an integrated criminal justice information system, produce reports, provide technical assistance to state and local criminal justice data system users, and provide analysis and interpretation of criminal justice statistical information;26\n\nDevelop a comprehensive, statewide, long-range plan for strengthening and improving law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice throughout the Commonwealth, and periodically update that plan;27\n\nCooperate with, and advise and assist, all agencies, departments, boards and institutions of the Commonwealth, and units of general local government, or combinations thereof, including planning district commissions, in planning, developing, and administering programs, projects, comprehensive plans, and other activities for improving law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice throughout the Commonwealth, including allocating and subgranting funds for these purposes;28\n\nDefine, develop, organize, encourage, conduct, coordinate, and administer programs, projects and activities for the Commonwealth and units of general local government, or combinations thereof, in the Commonwealth, designed to strengthen and improve law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice at every level throughout the Commonwealth;29\n\nReview and evaluate programs, projects, and activities, and recommend, where necessary, revisions or alterations to such programs, projects, and activities for the purpose of improving law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice;30\n\nCoordinate the activities and projects of the state departments, agencies, and boards of the Commonwealth and of the units of general local government, or combination thereof, including planning district commissions, relating to the preparation, adoption, administration, and implementation of comprehensive plans to strengthen and improve law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice;31\n\nDo all things necessary on behalf of the Commonwealth and its units of general local government, to determine and secure benefits available under the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (P.L. 90-351, 82 Stat. 197), as amended, and under any other federal acts and programs for strengthening and improving law enforcement, the administration of criminal justice, and delinquency prevention and control;32\n\nReceive, administer, and expend all funds and other assistance available to the Board and the Department for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended;33\n\nApply for and accept grants from the United States government or any other source in carrying out the purposes of this chapter and accept any and all donations both real and personal, and grants of money from any governmental unit or public agency, or from any institution, person, firm or corporation, and may receive, utilize and dispose of the same. Any arrangements pursuant to this section shall be detailed in the annual report of the Board. Such report shall include the identity of the donor, the nature of the transaction, and the conditions, if any. Any moneys received pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the state treasury to the account of the Department. To these ends, the Board shall have the power to comply with conditions and execute such agreements as may be necessary;34\n\nMake and enter into all contracts and agreements necessary or incidental to the performance of its duties and execution of its powers under this chapter, including but not limited to, contracts with the United States, units of general local government or combinations thereof, in Virginia or other states, and with agencies and departments of the Commonwealth;35\n\nAdopt and administer reasonable regulations for the planning and implementation of programs and activities and for the allocation, expenditure and subgranting of funds available to the Commonwealth and to units of general local government, and for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and the powers and duties set forth herein;36\n\nCertify and decertify law-enforcement officers in accordance with §§ 15.2-1706 and 15.2-1707 and provide for a decertification review process in accordance with § 15.2-1708;37\n\nEstablish training standards and publish and periodically update model policies for law-enforcement personnel in the following subjects:\n\t\t\ta. The handling of family abuse, domestic violence, sexual assault, and stalking cases, including standards for determining the predominant physical aggressor in accordance with § 19.2-81.3. The Department shall provide technical support and assistance to law-enforcement agencies in carrying out the requirements set forth in subsection A of § 9.1-1301;\n\t\t\tb. The identification of, communication with, and facilitation of the safe return of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, which shall include (i) techniques for respectful and effective communication with individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and their caregivers; (ii) techniques for addressing the behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, including alternatives to physical restraint; (iii) protocols for identifying and reporting incidents of abuse, neglect, and exploitation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia to adult protective services; (iv) protocols for contacting caregivers when an individual with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia is found wandering or during an emergency or crisis situation; (v) a reference list of local resources available for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia; and (vi) a reference list of local and national organizations that assist law-enforcement personnel with locating missing and wandering individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and returning them to their caregivers;\n\t\t\tc. Sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability;\n\t\t\td. Protocols for local and regional sexual assault and human trafficking response teams;\n\t\t\te. Communication of death notifications;\n\t\t\tf. The questioning of individuals suspected of driving while intoxicated concerning the physical location of such individual’s last consumption of an alcoholic beverage and the communication of such information to the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority;\n\t\t\tg. Vehicle patrol duties that embody current best practices for pursuits and for responding to emergency calls;\n\t\t\th. Criminal investigations that embody current best practices for conducting photographic and live lineups;\n\t\t\ti. Sensitivity to and awareness of human trafficking offenses and the identification of victims of human trafficking offenses for personnel involved in criminal investigations or assigned to vehicle or street patrol duties;\n\t\t\tj. The recognition, prevention, and reporting of human trafficking;\n\t\t\tk. Missing children, missing adults, and search and rescue protocol;\n\t\t\tl. The handling and use of tear gas or other gases and kinetic impact munitions, as defined in § 19.2-83.3, that embody current best practices for using such items as a crowd control measure or during an arrest or detention of another person; and\n\t\t\tm. The use of naloxone or other opioid antagonists to prevent opioid overdose deaths, in coordination with statewide naloxone training programs developed by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services and the Virginia Department of Health;38\n\nEstablish compulsory training standards for basic training and the recertification of law-enforcement officers to ensure (i) sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability; (ii) training in de-escalation techniques; and (iii) training in the lawful use of force, including the use of deadly force, as defined in § 19.2-83.3, only when necessary to protect the law-enforcement officer or another person;39\n\nReview and evaluate community-policing programs in the Commonwealth, and recommend where necessary statewide operating procedures, guidelines, and standards that strengthen and improve such programs, including sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability;40\n\nEstablish a Virginia Law-Enforcement Accreditation Center. The Center may, in cooperation with Virginia law-enforcement agencies, provide technical assistance and administrative support, including staffing, for the establishment of voluntary state law-enforcement accreditation standards. The Center may provide accreditation assistance and training, resource material, and research into methods and procedures that will assist the Virginia law-enforcement community efforts to obtain Virginia accreditation status;41\n\nPromote community policing philosophy and practice throughout the Commonwealth by providing community policing training and technical assistance statewide to all law-enforcement agencies, community groups, public and private organizations and citizens; developing and distributing innovative policing curricula and training tools on general community policing philosophy and practice and contemporary critical issues facing Virginia communities; serving as a consultant to Virginia organizations with specific community policing needs; facilitating continued development and implementation of community policing programs statewide through discussion forums for community policing leaders, development of law-enforcement instructors; promoting a statewide community policing initiative; and serving as a statewide information source on the subject of community policing including, but not limited to periodic newsletters, a website and an accessible lending library;42\n\nEstablish, in consultation with the Department of Education and the Virginia State Crime Commission, compulsory minimum standards for employment and job-entry and in-service training curricula and certification requirements for school security officers, including school security officers described in clause (b) of § 22.1-280.2:1, which training and certification shall be administered by the Virginia Center for School and Campus Safety (VCSCS) pursuant to § 9.1-184. Such training standards shall be specific to the role and responsibility of school security officers and shall include (i) relevant state and federal laws; (ii) school and personal liability issues; (iii) security awareness in the school environment; (iv) mediation and conflict resolution, including de-escalation techniques such as a physical alternative to restraint; (v) disaster and emergency response; (vi) awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and implicit bias; (vii) working with students with disabilities, mental health needs, substance use disorders, and past traumatic experiences; and (viii) student behavioral dynamics, including child and adolescent development and brain research. The Department shall establish an advisory committee consisting of local school board representatives, principals, superintendents, and school security personnel to assist in the development of the standards and certification requirements in this subdivision. The Department shall require any school security officer who carries a firearm in the performance of his duties to provide proof that he has completed a training course provided by a federal, state, or local law-enforcement agency that includes training in active shooter emergency response, emergency evacuation procedure, and threat assessment;43\n\nLicense and regulate property bail bondsmen and surety bail bondsmen in accordance with Article 11 (§ 9.1-185 et seq.);44\n\nLicense and regulate bail enforcement agents in accordance with Article 12 (§ 9.1-186 et seq.);45\n\nIn conjunction with the Virginia State Police and the State Compensation Board, advise criminal justice agencies regarding the investigation, registration, and dissemination of information requirements as they pertain to the Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry Act (§ 9.1-900 et seq.);46\n\nEstablish minimum standards for (i) employment, (ii) job-entry and in-service training curricula, and (iii) certification requirements for campus security officers. Such training standards shall include, but not be limited to, the role and responsibility of campus security officers, relevant state and federal laws, school and personal liability issues, security awareness in the campus environment, and disaster and emergency response. The Department shall provide technical support and assistance to campus police departments and campus security departments on the establishment and implementation of policies and procedures, including but not limited to: the management of such departments, investigatory procedures, judicial referrals, the establishment and management of databases for campus safety and security information sharing, and development of uniform record keeping for disciplinary records and statistics, such as campus crime logs, judicial referrals and Clery Act statistics. The Department shall establish an advisory committee consisting of college administrators, college police chiefs, college security department chiefs, and local law-enforcement officials to assist in the development of the standards and certification requirements and training pursuant to this subdivision;47\n\nAssess and report, in accordance with § 9.1-190, the crisis intervention team programs established pursuant to § 9.1-187;48\n\nIn conjunction with the Office of the Attorney General, advise law-enforcement agencies and attorneys for the Commonwealth regarding the identification, investigation, and prosecution of human trafficking offenses using the common law and existing criminal statutes in the Code of Virginia;49\n\nRegister tow truck drivers in accordance with § 46.2-116 and carry out the provisions of § 46.2-117;50\n\nAdminister the activities of the Virginia Sexual and Domestic Violence Program Professional Standards Committee by providing technical assistance and administrative support, including staffing, for the Committee;51\n\nIn accordance with § 9.1-102.1, design and approve the issuance of photo-identification cards to private security services registrants registered pursuant to Article 4 (§ 9.1-138 et seq.);52\n\nIn consultation with the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia and the Virginia Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, develop multidisciplinary curricula on trauma-informed sexual assault investigation;53\n\nIn consultation with the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, develop a model addiction recovery program that may be administered by sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, jail officers, administrators, or superintendents in any local or regional jail. Such program shall be based on any existing addiction recovery programs that are being administered by any local or regional jails in the Commonwealth. Participation in the model addiction recovery program shall be voluntary, and such program may address aspects of the recovery process, including medical and clinical recovery, peer-to-peer support, availability of mental health resources, family dynamics, and aftercare aspects of the recovery process;54\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum training standards for certification and recertification of law-enforcement officers serving as school resource officers. Such training shall be specific to the role and responsibility of a law-enforcement officer working with students in a school environment and shall include (i) relevant state and federal laws; (ii) school and personal liability issues; (iii) security awareness in the school environment; (iv) mediation and conflict resolution, including de-escalation techniques; (v) disaster and emergency response; (vi) awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and implicit bias; (vii) working with students with disabilities, mental health needs, substance use disorders, or past traumatic experiences; and (viii) student behavioral dynamics, including current child and adolescent development and brain research;55\n\nEstablish a model policy for the operation of body-worn camera systems as defined in § 15.2-1723.1 that also addresses the storage and maintenance of body-worn camera system records;56\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum training standards for detector canine handlers employed by the Department of Corrections, standards for the training and retention of detector canines used by the Department of Corrections, and a central database on the performance and effectiveness of such detector canines that requires the Department of Corrections to submit comprehensive information on each canine handler and detector canine, including the number and types of calls and searches, substances searched for and whether or not detected, and the number of false positives, false negatives, true positives, and true negatives;57\n\nEstablish compulsory training standards for basic training of law-enforcement officers for recognizing and managing stress, self-care techniques, and resiliency;58\n\nEstablish guidelines and standards for psychological examinations conducted pursuant to subsection C of § 15.2-1705;59\n\nEstablish compulsory in-service training standards, to include frequency of retraining, for law-enforcement officers in the following subjects: (i) relevant state and federal laws; (ii) awareness of cultural diversity and the potential for bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1; (iii) de-escalation techniques; (iv) working with individuals with disabilities, mental health needs, or substance use disorders; and (v) the lawful use of force, including the use of deadly force, as defined in § 19.2-83.3, only when necessary to protect the law-enforcement officer or another person;60\n\nDevelop a model curriculum and lesson plans for the compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service, and advanced training standards to be employed by criminal justice training academies approved by the Department when conducting training;61\n\nAdopt statewide professional standards of conduct applicable to all certified law-enforcement officers and certified jail officers and appropriate due process procedures for decertification based on serious misconduct in violation of those standards and provide for a decertification review process in accordance with § 15.2-1708;62\n\nEstablish and administer a waiver process, in accordance with §§ 2.2-5515 and 15.2-1721.1, for law-enforcement agencies to use certain military property. Any waivers granted by the Criminal Justice Services Board shall be published by the Department on the Department’s website;63\n\nEstablish compulsory training standards for basic training and the recertification of law-enforcement officers to include crisis intervention training in accordance with clause (ii) of § 9.1-188;64\n\nAdvise and assist the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, and support local law-enforcement cooperation, with the development and implementation of the Marcus alert system, as defined in § 37.2-311.1, including the establishment of local protocols for law-enforcement participation in the Marcus alert system pursuant to § 9.1-193 and for reporting requirements pursuant to §§ 9.1-193 and 37.2-311.1;65\n\nDevelop an online course to train hotel proprietors and their employees to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking;66\n\nDevelop an online course to train unarmed security officers, armed security officers, couriers, security canine handlers, and alarm respondents to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking to meet the compulsory minimum, entry-level, and in-service training standards as required by § 9.1-141;67\n\nEstablish standards and procedures for when the Board may grant a petition for reinstatement of certification of a decertified officer pursuant to subsection E of § 15.2-1708;68\n\nEstablish compulsory minimum and in-service training standards for law-enforcement officers on communicating with individuals with an intellectual disability or a developmental disability as defined in § 37.2-100, such as autism spectrum disorder as defined in the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association, which shall include (i) an overview and behavioral recognition of autism spectrum disorder, (ii) best practices for crisis prevention and de-escalation techniques, (iii) an objective review of any relevant tools and technology available to assist in communication, and (iv) education on law-enforcement agency and community resources for the autism community on future crisis prevention. Such training standards shall be established in consultation with at least one individual with autism spectrum disorder, one family member of an individual with autism spectrum disorder, one specialist who works with individuals with autism spectrum disorder, one representative from the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, and one representative from a state or local law-enforcement agency;69\n\nDevelop an online course for the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority to offer to retail licensees and their employees to train such licensees and employees to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking;70\n\nEstablish a model policy for best practices for law-enforcement officers responding to or investigating an overdose, when prescriber information has been obtained during the course of such response or investigation, to notify the prescriber of any controlled substance found to be in the possession of or believed to have been ingested by the victim that such prescription of a controlled substance was involved in an overdose. Such model policy shall include that a notification to a prescriber of a controlled substance shall not be required if such notification would jeopardize an active law-enforcement investigation;71\n\nEstablish a training curriculum for law-enforcement agencies, law-enforcement officers, and special conservators of the peace on the discretion such officers can exercise regarding arrests as provided in Chapter 7 (§ 19.2-71 et seq.) of Title 19.2. Such training shall include (i) instruction on the scope and nature of law-enforcement officer discretion in arrest decisions, with particular emphasis on encounters with individuals experiencing a mental health crisis, including individuals currently subject to an emergency custody order pursuant to § 37.2-808, a temporary detention order pursuant to § 37.2-809, or an involuntary admission order pursuant to § 37.2-817, and (ii) instruction on the immediate and long-term effects of arrests on individuals in need of mental health services due to a mental health crisis, including impacts on treatment outcomes as identified in substantially accepted peer-reviewed research literature;72\n\nEstablish a model policy for the provision of security at nonprofit institutions that serve individuals and communities at risk of hate crimes as defined in § 52-8.5 within the Commonwealth, incorporating relevant information about various traditions, services, or activities that any law-enforcement officer, unarmed security officer, or armed security officer providing such security may encounter; and73\n\nPerform such other acts as may be necessary or convenient for the effective performance of its duties.","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":198949,"text":"The Department, under the direction of the Board, which shall be the policy-making body for carrying out the duties and powers hereunder, shall have the power and duty to:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":198950,"text":"Adopt regulations, pursuant to the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq.), for the administration of this chapter including the authority to require the submission of reports and information by law-enforcement officers within the Commonwealth. Any proposed regulations concerning the privacy, confidentiality, and security of criminal justice information shall be submitted for review and comment to any board, commission, or committee or other body which may be established by the General Assembly to regulate the privacy, confidentiality, and security of information collected and maintained by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof;","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":198951,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum training standards subsequent to employment as a law-enforcement officer in (i) permanent positions and (ii) temporary or probationary status and establish the time required for completion of such training. Such compulsory minimum training standards shall include crisis intervention training in accordance with clause (i) of § 9.1-188;","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1","next_prefix":"3"},"3":{"id":198952,"text":"Establish minimum training standards and qualifications for certification and recertification for law-enforcement officers serving as field training officers;","type":"section","prefixes":["3"],"prefix":"3","entire_prefix":"3","prefix_anchor":"3","level":1,"prior_prefix":"2","next_prefix":"4"},"4":{"id":198953,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum curriculum requirements for in-service and advanced courses and programs for schools, whether located in or outside the Commonwealth, which are operated for the specific purpose of training law-enforcement officers;","type":"section","prefixes":["4"],"prefix":"4","entire_prefix":"4","prefix_anchor":"4","level":1,"prior_prefix":"3","next_prefix":"5"},"5":{"id":198954,"text":"Establish (i) compulsory minimum training standards for law-enforcement officers who utilize radar or an electrical or microcomputer device to measure the speed of motor vehicles as provided in § 46.2-882 and establish the time required for completion of the training and (ii) compulsory minimum qualifications for certification and recertification of instructors who provide such training;","type":"section","prefixes":["5"],"prefix":"5","entire_prefix":"5","prefix_anchor":"5","level":1,"prior_prefix":"4","next_prefix":"6"},"6":{"id":198955,"text":"[Repealed];","type":"section","prefixes":["6"],"prefix":"6","entire_prefix":"6","prefix_anchor":"6","level":1,"prior_prefix":"5","next_prefix":"7"},"7":{"id":198956,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service and advanced training standards for those persons designated to provide courthouse and courtroom security pursuant to the provisions of § 53.1-120, and to establish the time required for completion of such training;","type":"section","prefixes":["7"],"prefix":"7","entire_prefix":"7","prefix_anchor":"7","level":1,"prior_prefix":"6","next_prefix":"8"},"8":{"id":198957,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service and advanced training standards for deputy sheriffs designated to serve process pursuant to the provisions of § 8.01-293, and establish the time required for the completion of such training;","type":"section","prefixes":["8"],"prefix":"8","entire_prefix":"8","prefix_anchor":"8","level":1,"prior_prefix":"7","next_prefix":"9"},"9":{"id":198958,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service, and advanced training standards, as well as the time required for completion of such training, for persons employed as deputy sheriffs and jail officers by local criminal justice agencies and correctional officers employed by the Department of Corrections under the provisions of Title 53.1. For deputy sheriffs and jail officers who are employees of local or regional correctional facilities and correctional officers employed by the Department of Corrections, such standards shall include training on the general care of pregnant women, the impact of restraints on pregnant inmates and fetuses, the impact of being placed in restrictive housing or solitary confinement on pregnant inmates, and the impact of body cavity searches on pregnant inmates;","type":"section","prefixes":["9"],"prefix":"9","entire_prefix":"9","prefix_anchor":"9","level":1,"prior_prefix":"8","next_prefix":"10"},"10":{"id":198959,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum training standards for all dispatchers employed by or in any local or state government agency, whose duties include the dispatching of law-enforcement personnel. Such training standards shall apply only to dispatchers hired on or after July 1, 1988. Such training shall include training in the identification of, communication with, and facilitation of the safe return of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, which shall include (i) techniques for respectful and effective communication with individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and their caregivers; (ii) techniques for addressing the behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, including alternatives to physical restraint; (iii) protocols for identifying and reporting incidents of abuse, neglect, and exploitation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia to adult protective services; (iv) protocols for contacting caregivers when an individual with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia is found wandering or during an emergency or crisis situation; (v) a reference list of local resources available for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia; and (vi) a reference list of local and national organizations that assist law-enforcement personnel with locating missing and wandering individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and returning them to their caregivers;","type":"section","prefixes":["10"],"prefix":"10","entire_prefix":"10","prefix_anchor":"10","level":1,"prior_prefix":"9","next_prefix":"11"},"11":{"id":198960,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum training standards for all auxiliary police officers employed by or in any local or state government agency. Such training shall be graduated and based on the type of duties to be performed by the auxiliary police officers. Such training standards shall not apply to auxiliary police officers exempt pursuant to § 15.2-1731;","type":"section","prefixes":["11"],"prefix":"11","entire_prefix":"11","prefix_anchor":"11","level":1,"prior_prefix":"10","next_prefix":"12"},"12":{"id":198961,"text":"Consult and cooperate with counties, municipalities, agencies of the Commonwealth, other state and federal governmental agencies, and institutions of higher education within or outside the Commonwealth, concerning the development of police training schools and programs or courses of instruction;","type":"section","prefixes":["12"],"prefix":"12","entire_prefix":"12","prefix_anchor":"12","level":1,"prior_prefix":"11","next_prefix":"13"},"13":{"id":198962,"text":"Approve institutions, curricula and facilities, whether located in or outside the Commonwealth, for school operation for the specific purpose of training law-enforcement officers; but this shall not prevent the holding of any such school whether approved or not;","type":"section","prefixes":["13"],"prefix":"13","entire_prefix":"13","prefix_anchor":"13","level":1,"prior_prefix":"12","next_prefix":"14"},"14":{"id":198963,"text":"Establish and maintain police training programs through such agencies and institutions as the Board deems appropriate;","type":"section","prefixes":["14"],"prefix":"14","entire_prefix":"14","prefix_anchor":"14","level":1,"prior_prefix":"13","next_prefix":"15"},"15":{"id":198964,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum qualifications of certification and recertification for instructors in criminal justice training academies approved by the Department;","type":"section","prefixes":["15"],"prefix":"15","entire_prefix":"15","prefix_anchor":"15","level":1,"prior_prefix":"14","next_prefix":"16"},"16":{"id":198965,"text":"Conduct and stimulate research by public and private agencies which shall be designed to improve police administration and law enforcement;","type":"section","prefixes":["16"],"prefix":"16","entire_prefix":"16","prefix_anchor":"16","level":1,"prior_prefix":"15","next_prefix":"17"},"17":{"id":198966,"text":"Make recommendations concerning any matter within its purview pursuant to this chapter;","type":"section","prefixes":["17"],"prefix":"17","entire_prefix":"17","prefix_anchor":"17","level":1,"prior_prefix":"16","next_prefix":"18"},"18":{"id":198967,"text":"Coordinate its activities with those of any interstate system for the exchange of criminal history record information, nominate one or more of its members to serve upon the council or committee of any such system, and participate when and as deemed appropriate in any such system’s activities and programs;","type":"section","prefixes":["18"],"prefix":"18","entire_prefix":"18","prefix_anchor":"18","level":1,"prior_prefix":"17","next_prefix":"19"},"19":{"id":198968,"text":"Conduct inquiries and investigations it deems appropriate to carry out its functions under this chapter and, in conducting such inquiries and investigations, may require any criminal justice agency to submit information, reports, and statistical data with respect to its policy and operation of information systems or with respect to its collection, storage, dissemination, and usage of criminal history record information and correctional status information, and such criminal justice agencies shall submit such information, reports, and data as are reasonably required;","type":"section","prefixes":["19"],"prefix":"19","entire_prefix":"19","prefix_anchor":"19","level":1,"prior_prefix":"18","next_prefix":"20"},"20":{"id":198969,"text":"Conduct audits as required by § 9.1-131;","type":"section","prefixes":["20"],"prefix":"20","entire_prefix":"20","prefix_anchor":"20","level":1,"prior_prefix":"19","next_prefix":"21"},"21":{"id":198970,"text":"Conduct a continuing study and review of questions of individual privacy and confidentiality of criminal history record information and correctional status information;","type":"section","prefixes":["21"],"prefix":"21","entire_prefix":"21","prefix_anchor":"21","level":1,"prior_prefix":"20","next_prefix":"22"},"22":{"id":198971,"text":"Advise criminal justice agencies and initiate educational programs for such agencies with respect to matters of privacy, confidentiality, and security as they pertain to criminal history record information and correctional status information;","type":"section","prefixes":["22"],"prefix":"22","entire_prefix":"22","prefix_anchor":"22","level":1,"prior_prefix":"21","next_prefix":"23"},"23":{"id":198972,"text":"Maintain a liaison with any board, commission, committee, or other body which may be established by law, executive order, or resolution to regulate the privacy and security of information collected by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof;","type":"section","prefixes":["23"],"prefix":"23","entire_prefix":"23","prefix_anchor":"23","level":1,"prior_prefix":"22","next_prefix":"24"},"24":{"id":198973,"text":"Adopt regulations establishing guidelines and standards for the collection, storage, and dissemination of criminal history record information and correctional status information, and the privacy, confidentiality, and security thereof necessary to implement state and federal statutes, regulations, and court orders;","type":"section","prefixes":["24"],"prefix":"24","entire_prefix":"24","prefix_anchor":"24","level":1,"prior_prefix":"23","next_prefix":"25"},"25":{"id":198974,"text":"Operate a statewide criminal justice research center, which shall maintain an integrated criminal justice information system, produce reports, provide technical assistance to state and local criminal justice data system users, and provide analysis and interpretation of criminal justice statistical information;","type":"section","prefixes":["25"],"prefix":"25","entire_prefix":"25","prefix_anchor":"25","level":1,"prior_prefix":"24","next_prefix":"26"},"26":{"id":198975,"text":"Develop a comprehensive, statewide, long-range plan for strengthening and improving law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice throughout the Commonwealth, and periodically update that plan;","type":"section","prefixes":["26"],"prefix":"26","entire_prefix":"26","prefix_anchor":"26","level":1,"prior_prefix":"25","next_prefix":"27"},"27":{"id":198976,"text":"Cooperate with, and advise and assist, all agencies, departments, boards and institutions of the Commonwealth, and units of general local government, or combinations thereof, including planning district commissions, in planning, developing, and administering programs, projects, comprehensive plans, and other activities for improving law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice throughout the Commonwealth, including allocating and subgranting funds for these purposes;","type":"section","prefixes":["27"],"prefix":"27","entire_prefix":"27","prefix_anchor":"27","level":1,"prior_prefix":"26","next_prefix":"28"},"28":{"id":198977,"text":"Define, develop, organize, encourage, conduct, coordinate, and administer programs, projects and activities for the Commonwealth and units of general local government, or combinations thereof, in the Commonwealth, designed to strengthen and improve law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice at every level throughout the Commonwealth;","type":"section","prefixes":["28"],"prefix":"28","entire_prefix":"28","prefix_anchor":"28","level":1,"prior_prefix":"27","next_prefix":"29"},"29":{"id":198978,"text":"Review and evaluate programs, projects, and activities, and recommend, where necessary, revisions or alterations to such programs, projects, and activities for the purpose of improving law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice;","type":"section","prefixes":["29"],"prefix":"29","entire_prefix":"29","prefix_anchor":"29","level":1,"prior_prefix":"28","next_prefix":"30"},"30":{"id":198979,"text":"Coordinate the activities and projects of the state departments, agencies, and boards of the Commonwealth and of the units of general local government, or combination thereof, including planning district commissions, relating to the preparation, adoption, administration, and implementation of comprehensive plans to strengthen and improve law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice;","type":"section","prefixes":["30"],"prefix":"30","entire_prefix":"30","prefix_anchor":"30","level":1,"prior_prefix":"29","next_prefix":"31"},"31":{"id":198980,"text":"Do all things necessary on behalf of the Commonwealth and its units of general local government, to determine and secure benefits available under the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (P.L. 90-351, 82 Stat. 197), as amended, and under any other federal acts and programs for strengthening and improving law enforcement, the administration of criminal justice, and delinquency prevention and control;","type":"section","prefixes":["31"],"prefix":"31","entire_prefix":"31","prefix_anchor":"31","level":1,"prior_prefix":"30","next_prefix":"32"},"32":{"id":198981,"text":"Receive, administer, and expend all funds and other assistance available to the Board and the Department for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended;","type":"section","prefixes":["32"],"prefix":"32","entire_prefix":"32","prefix_anchor":"32","level":1,"prior_prefix":"31","next_prefix":"33"},"33":{"id":198982,"text":"Apply for and accept grants from the United States government or any other source in carrying out the purposes of this chapter and accept any and all donations both real and personal, and grants of money from any governmental unit or public agency, or from any institution, person, firm or corporation, and may receive, utilize and dispose of the same. Any arrangements pursuant to this section shall be detailed in the annual report of the Board. Such report shall include the identity of the donor, the nature of the transaction, and the conditions, if any. Any moneys received pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the state treasury to the account of the Department. To these ends, the Board shall have the power to comply with conditions and execute such agreements as may be necessary;","type":"section","prefixes":["33"],"prefix":"33","entire_prefix":"33","prefix_anchor":"33","level":1,"prior_prefix":"32","next_prefix":"34"},"34":{"id":198983,"text":"Make and enter into all contracts and agreements necessary or incidental to the performance of its duties and execution of its powers under this chapter, including but not limited to, contracts with the United States, units of general local government or combinations thereof, in Virginia or other states, and with agencies and departments of the Commonwealth;","type":"section","prefixes":["34"],"prefix":"34","entire_prefix":"34","prefix_anchor":"34","level":1,"prior_prefix":"33","next_prefix":"35"},"35":{"id":198984,"text":"Adopt and administer reasonable regulations for the planning and implementation of programs and activities and for the allocation, expenditure and subgranting of funds available to the Commonwealth and to units of general local government, and for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and the powers and duties set forth herein;","type":"section","prefixes":["35"],"prefix":"35","entire_prefix":"35","prefix_anchor":"35","level":1,"prior_prefix":"34","next_prefix":"36"},"36":{"id":198985,"text":"Certify and decertify law-enforcement officers in accordance with §§ 15.2-1706 and 15.2-1707 and provide for a decertification review process in accordance with § 15.2-1708;","type":"section","prefixes":["36"],"prefix":"36","entire_prefix":"36","prefix_anchor":"36","level":1,"prior_prefix":"35","next_prefix":"37"},"37":{"id":198986,"text":"Establish training standards and publish and periodically update model policies for law-enforcement personnel in the following subjects:\n\t\t\ta. The handling of family abuse, domestic violence, sexual assault, and stalking cases, including standards for determining the predominant physical aggressor in accordance with § 19.2-81.3. The Department shall provide technical support and assistance to law-enforcement agencies in carrying out the requirements set forth in subsection A of § 9.1-1301;\n\t\t\tb. The identification of, communication with, and facilitation of the safe return of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, which shall include (i) techniques for respectful and effective communication with individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and their caregivers; (ii) techniques for addressing the behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, including alternatives to physical restraint; (iii) protocols for identifying and reporting incidents of abuse, neglect, and exploitation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia to adult protective services; (iv) protocols for contacting caregivers when an individual with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia is found wandering or during an emergency or crisis situation; (v) a reference list of local resources available for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia; and (vi) a reference list of local and national organizations that assist law-enforcement personnel with locating missing and wandering individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and returning them to their caregivers;\n\t\t\tc. Sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability;\n\t\t\td. Protocols for local and regional sexual assault and human trafficking response teams;\n\t\t\te. Communication of death notifications;\n\t\t\tf. The questioning of individuals suspected of driving while intoxicated concerning the physical location of such individual’s last consumption of an alcoholic beverage and the communication of such information to the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority;\n\t\t\tg. Vehicle patrol duties that embody current best practices for pursuits and for responding to emergency calls;\n\t\t\th. Criminal investigations that embody current best practices for conducting photographic and live lineups;\n\t\t\ti. Sensitivity to and awareness of human trafficking offenses and the identification of victims of human trafficking offenses for personnel involved in criminal investigations or assigned to vehicle or street patrol duties;\n\t\t\tj. The recognition, prevention, and reporting of human trafficking;\n\t\t\tk. Missing children, missing adults, and search and rescue protocol;\n\t\t\tl. The handling and use of tear gas or other gases and kinetic impact munitions, as defined in § 19.2-83.3, that embody current best practices for using such items as a crowd control measure or during an arrest or detention of another person; and\n\t\t\tm. The use of naloxone or other opioid antagonists to prevent opioid overdose deaths, in coordination with statewide naloxone training programs developed by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services and the Virginia Department of Health;","type":"section","prefixes":["37"],"prefix":"37","entire_prefix":"37","prefix_anchor":"37","level":1,"prior_prefix":"36","next_prefix":"38"},"38":{"id":198987,"text":"Establish compulsory training standards for basic training and the recertification of law-enforcement officers to ensure (i) sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability; (ii) training in de-escalation techniques; and (iii) training in the lawful use of force, including the use of deadly force, as defined in § 19.2-83.3, only when necessary to protect the law-enforcement officer or another person;","type":"section","prefixes":["38"],"prefix":"38","entire_prefix":"38","prefix_anchor":"38","level":1,"prior_prefix":"37","next_prefix":"39"},"39":{"id":198988,"text":"Review and evaluate community-policing programs in the Commonwealth, and recommend where necessary statewide operating procedures, guidelines, and standards that strengthen and improve such programs, including sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability;","type":"section","prefixes":["39"],"prefix":"39","entire_prefix":"39","prefix_anchor":"39","level":1,"prior_prefix":"38","next_prefix":"40"},"40":{"id":198989,"text":"Establish a Virginia Law-Enforcement Accreditation Center. The Center may, in cooperation with Virginia law-enforcement agencies, provide technical assistance and administrative support, including staffing, for the establishment of voluntary state law-enforcement accreditation standards. The Center may provide accreditation assistance and training, resource material, and research into methods and procedures that will assist the Virginia law-enforcement community efforts to obtain Virginia accreditation status;","type":"section","prefixes":["40"],"prefix":"40","entire_prefix":"40","prefix_anchor":"40","level":1,"prior_prefix":"39","next_prefix":"41"},"41":{"id":198990,"text":"Promote community policing philosophy and practice throughout the Commonwealth by providing community policing training and technical assistance statewide to all law-enforcement agencies, community groups, public and private organizations and citizens; developing and distributing innovative policing curricula and training tools on general community policing philosophy and practice and contemporary critical issues facing Virginia communities; serving as a consultant to Virginia organizations with specific community policing needs; facilitating continued development and implementation of community policing programs statewide through discussion forums for community policing leaders, development of law-enforcement instructors; promoting a statewide community policing initiative; and serving as a statewide information source on the subject of community policing including, but not limited to periodic newsletters, a website and an accessible lending library;","type":"section","prefixes":["41"],"prefix":"41","entire_prefix":"41","prefix_anchor":"41","level":1,"prior_prefix":"40","next_prefix":"42"},"42":{"id":198991,"text":"Establish, in consultation with the Department of Education and the Virginia State Crime Commission, compulsory minimum standards for employment and job-entry and in-service training curricula and certification requirements for school security officers, including school security officers described in clause (b) of § 22.1-280.2:1, which training and certification shall be administered by the Virginia Center for School and Campus Safety (VCSCS) pursuant to § 9.1-184. Such training standards shall be specific to the role and responsibility of school security officers and shall include (i) relevant state and federal laws; (ii) school and personal liability issues; (iii) security awareness in the school environment; (iv) mediation and conflict resolution, including de-escalation techniques such as a physical alternative to restraint; (v) disaster and emergency response; (vi) awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and implicit bias; (vii) working with students with disabilities, mental health needs, substance use disorders, and past traumatic experiences; and (viii) student behavioral dynamics, including child and adolescent development and brain research. The Department shall establish an advisory committee consisting of local school board representatives, principals, superintendents, and school security personnel to assist in the development of the standards and certification requirements in this subdivision. The Department shall require any school security officer who carries a firearm in the performance of his duties to provide proof that he has completed a training course provided by a federal, state, or local law-enforcement agency that includes training in active shooter emergency response, emergency evacuation procedure, and threat assessment;","type":"section","prefixes":["42"],"prefix":"42","entire_prefix":"42","prefix_anchor":"42","level":1,"prior_prefix":"41","next_prefix":"43"},"43":{"id":198992,"text":"License and regulate property bail bondsmen and surety bail bondsmen in accordance with Article 11 (§ 9.1-185 et seq.);","type":"section","prefixes":["43"],"prefix":"43","entire_prefix":"43","prefix_anchor":"43","level":1,"prior_prefix":"42","next_prefix":"44"},"44":{"id":198993,"text":"License and regulate bail enforcement agents in accordance with Article 12 (§ 9.1-186 et seq.);","type":"section","prefixes":["44"],"prefix":"44","entire_prefix":"44","prefix_anchor":"44","level":1,"prior_prefix":"43","next_prefix":"45"},"45":{"id":198994,"text":"In conjunction with the Virginia State Police and the State Compensation Board, advise criminal justice agencies regarding the investigation, registration, and dissemination of information requirements as they pertain to the Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry Act (§ 9.1-900 et seq.);","type":"section","prefixes":["45"],"prefix":"45","entire_prefix":"45","prefix_anchor":"45","level":1,"prior_prefix":"44","next_prefix":"46"},"46":{"id":198995,"text":"Establish minimum standards for (i) employment, (ii) job-entry and in-service training curricula, and (iii) certification requirements for campus security officers. Such training standards shall include, but not be limited to, the role and responsibility of campus security officers, relevant state and federal laws, school and personal liability issues, security awareness in the campus environment, and disaster and emergency response. The Department shall provide technical support and assistance to campus police departments and campus security departments on the establishment and implementation of policies and procedures, including but not limited to: the management of such departments, investigatory procedures, judicial referrals, the establishment and management of databases for campus safety and security information sharing, and development of uniform record keeping for disciplinary records and statistics, such as campus crime logs, judicial referrals and Clery Act statistics. The Department shall establish an advisory committee consisting of college administrators, college police chiefs, college security department chiefs, and local law-enforcement officials to assist in the development of the standards and certification requirements and training pursuant to this subdivision;","type":"section","prefixes":["46"],"prefix":"46","entire_prefix":"46","prefix_anchor":"46","level":1,"prior_prefix":"45","next_prefix":"47"},"47":{"id":198996,"text":"Assess and report, in accordance with § 9.1-190, the crisis intervention team programs established pursuant to § 9.1-187;","type":"section","prefixes":["47"],"prefix":"47","entire_prefix":"47","prefix_anchor":"47","level":1,"prior_prefix":"46","next_prefix":"48"},"48":{"id":198997,"text":"In conjunction with the Office of the Attorney General, advise law-enforcement agencies and attorneys for the Commonwealth regarding the identification, investigation, and prosecution of human trafficking offenses using the common law and existing criminal statutes in the Code of Virginia;","type":"section","prefixes":["48"],"prefix":"48","entire_prefix":"48","prefix_anchor":"48","level":1,"prior_prefix":"47","next_prefix":"49"},"49":{"id":198998,"text":"Register tow truck drivers in accordance with § 46.2-116 and carry out the provisions of § 46.2-117;","type":"section","prefixes":["49"],"prefix":"49","entire_prefix":"49","prefix_anchor":"49","level":1,"prior_prefix":"48","next_prefix":"50"},"50":{"id":198999,"text":"Administer the activities of the Virginia Sexual and Domestic Violence Program Professional Standards Committee by providing technical assistance and administrative support, including staffing, for the Committee;","type":"section","prefixes":["50"],"prefix":"50","entire_prefix":"50","prefix_anchor":"50","level":1,"prior_prefix":"49","next_prefix":"51"},"51":{"id":199000,"text":"In accordance with § 9.1-102.1, design and approve the issuance of photo-identification cards to private security services registrants registered pursuant to Article 4 (§ 9.1-138 et seq.);","type":"section","prefixes":["51"],"prefix":"51","entire_prefix":"51","prefix_anchor":"51","level":1,"prior_prefix":"50","next_prefix":"52"},"52":{"id":199001,"text":"In consultation with the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia and the Virginia Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, develop multidisciplinary curricula on trauma-informed sexual assault investigation;","type":"section","prefixes":["52"],"prefix":"52","entire_prefix":"52","prefix_anchor":"52","level":1,"prior_prefix":"51","next_prefix":"53"},"53":{"id":199002,"text":"In consultation with the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, develop a model addiction recovery program that may be administered by sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, jail officers, administrators, or superintendents in any local or regional jail. Such program shall be based on any existing addiction recovery programs that are being administered by any local or regional jails in the Commonwealth. Participation in the model addiction recovery program shall be voluntary, and such program may address aspects of the recovery process, including medical and clinical recovery, peer-to-peer support, availability of mental health resources, family dynamics, and aftercare aspects of the recovery process;","type":"section","prefixes":["53"],"prefix":"53","entire_prefix":"53","prefix_anchor":"53","level":1,"prior_prefix":"52","next_prefix":"54"},"54":{"id":199003,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum training standards for certification and recertification of law-enforcement officers serving as school resource officers. Such training shall be specific to the role and responsibility of a law-enforcement officer working with students in a school environment and shall include (i) relevant state and federal laws; (ii) school and personal liability issues; (iii) security awareness in the school environment; (iv) mediation and conflict resolution, including de-escalation techniques; (v) disaster and emergency response; (vi) awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and implicit bias; (vii) working with students with disabilities, mental health needs, substance use disorders, or past traumatic experiences; and (viii) student behavioral dynamics, including current child and adolescent development and brain research;","type":"section","prefixes":["54"],"prefix":"54","entire_prefix":"54","prefix_anchor":"54","level":1,"prior_prefix":"53","next_prefix":"55"},"55":{"id":199004,"text":"Establish a model policy for the operation of body-worn camera systems as defined in § 15.2-1723.1 that also addresses the storage and maintenance of body-worn camera system records;","type":"section","prefixes":["55"],"prefix":"55","entire_prefix":"55","prefix_anchor":"55","level":1,"prior_prefix":"54","next_prefix":"56"},"56":{"id":199005,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum training standards for detector canine handlers employed by the Department of Corrections, standards for the training and retention of detector canines used by the Department of Corrections, and a central database on the performance and effectiveness of such detector canines that requires the Department of Corrections to submit comprehensive information on each canine handler and detector canine, including the number and types of calls and searches, substances searched for and whether or not detected, and the number of false positives, false negatives, true positives, and true negatives;","type":"section","prefixes":["56"],"prefix":"56","entire_prefix":"56","prefix_anchor":"56","level":1,"prior_prefix":"55","next_prefix":"57"},"57":{"id":199006,"text":"Establish compulsory training standards for basic training of law-enforcement officers for recognizing and managing stress, self-care techniques, and resiliency;","type":"section","prefixes":["57"],"prefix":"57","entire_prefix":"57","prefix_anchor":"57","level":1,"prior_prefix":"56","next_prefix":"58"},"58":{"id":199007,"text":"Establish guidelines and standards for psychological examinations conducted pursuant to subsection C of § 15.2-1705;","type":"section","prefixes":["58"],"prefix":"58","entire_prefix":"58","prefix_anchor":"58","level":1,"prior_prefix":"57","next_prefix":"59"},"59":{"id":199008,"text":"Establish compulsory in-service training standards, to include frequency of retraining, for law-enforcement officers in the following subjects: (i) relevant state and federal laws; (ii) awareness of cultural diversity and the potential for bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1; (iii) de-escalation techniques; (iv) working with individuals with disabilities, mental health needs, or substance use disorders; and (v) the lawful use of force, including the use of deadly force, as defined in § 19.2-83.3, only when necessary to protect the law-enforcement officer or another person;","type":"section","prefixes":["59"],"prefix":"59","entire_prefix":"59","prefix_anchor":"59","level":1,"prior_prefix":"58","next_prefix":"60"},"60":{"id":199009,"text":"Develop a model curriculum and lesson plans for the compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service, and advanced training standards to be employed by criminal justice training academies approved by the Department when conducting training;","type":"section","prefixes":["60"],"prefix":"60","entire_prefix":"60","prefix_anchor":"60","level":1,"prior_prefix":"59","next_prefix":"61"},"61":{"id":199010,"text":"Adopt statewide professional standards of conduct applicable to all certified law-enforcement officers and certified jail officers and appropriate due process procedures for decertification based on serious misconduct in violation of those standards and provide for a decertification review process in accordance with § 15.2-1708;","type":"section","prefixes":["61"],"prefix":"61","entire_prefix":"61","prefix_anchor":"61","level":1,"prior_prefix":"60","next_prefix":"62"},"62":{"id":199011,"text":"Establish and administer a waiver process, in accordance with §§ 2.2-5515 and 15.2-1721.1, for law-enforcement agencies to use certain military property. Any waivers granted by the Criminal Justice Services Board shall be published by the Department on the Department’s website;","type":"section","prefixes":["62"],"prefix":"62","entire_prefix":"62","prefix_anchor":"62","level":1,"prior_prefix":"61","next_prefix":"63"},"63":{"id":199012,"text":"Establish compulsory training standards for basic training and the recertification of law-enforcement officers to include crisis intervention training in accordance with clause (ii) of § 9.1-188;","type":"section","prefixes":["63"],"prefix":"63","entire_prefix":"63","prefix_anchor":"63","level":1,"prior_prefix":"62","next_prefix":"64"},"64":{"id":199013,"text":"Advise and assist the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, and support local law-enforcement cooperation, with the development and implementation of the Marcus alert system, as defined in § 37.2-311.1, including the establishment of local protocols for law-enforcement participation in the Marcus alert system pursuant to § 9.1-193 and for reporting requirements pursuant to §§ 9.1-193 and 37.2-311.1;","type":"section","prefixes":["64"],"prefix":"64","entire_prefix":"64","prefix_anchor":"64","level":1,"prior_prefix":"63","next_prefix":"65"},"65":{"id":199014,"text":"Develop an online course to train hotel proprietors and their employees to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking;","type":"section","prefixes":["65"],"prefix":"65","entire_prefix":"65","prefix_anchor":"65","level":1,"prior_prefix":"64","next_prefix":"66"},"66":{"id":199015,"text":"Develop an online course to train unarmed security officers, armed security officers, couriers, security canine handlers, and alarm respondents to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking to meet the compulsory minimum, entry-level, and in-service training standards as required by § 9.1-141;","type":"section","prefixes":["66"],"prefix":"66","entire_prefix":"66","prefix_anchor":"66","level":1,"prior_prefix":"65","next_prefix":"67"},"67":{"id":199016,"text":"Establish standards and procedures for when the Board may grant a petition for reinstatement of certification of a decertified officer pursuant to subsection E of § 15.2-1708;","type":"section","prefixes":["67"],"prefix":"67","entire_prefix":"67","prefix_anchor":"67","level":1,"prior_prefix":"66","next_prefix":"68"},"68":{"id":199017,"text":"Establish compulsory minimum and in-service training standards for law-enforcement officers on communicating with individuals with an intellectual disability or a developmental disability as defined in § 37.2-100, such as autism spectrum disorder as defined in the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association, which shall include (i) an overview and behavioral recognition of autism spectrum disorder, (ii) best practices for crisis prevention and de-escalation techniques, (iii) an objective review of any relevant tools and technology available to assist in communication, and (iv) education on law-enforcement agency and community resources for the autism community on future crisis prevention. Such training standards shall be established in consultation with at least one individual with autism spectrum disorder, one family member of an individual with autism spectrum disorder, one specialist who works with individuals with autism spectrum disorder, one representative from the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, and one representative from a state or local law-enforcement agency;","type":"section","prefixes":["68"],"prefix":"68","entire_prefix":"68","prefix_anchor":"68","level":1,"prior_prefix":"67","next_prefix":"69"},"69":{"id":199018,"text":"Develop an online course for the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority to offer to retail licensees and their employees to train such licensees and employees to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking;","type":"section","prefixes":["69"],"prefix":"69","entire_prefix":"69","prefix_anchor":"69","level":1,"prior_prefix":"68","next_prefix":"70"},"70":{"id":199019,"text":"Establish a model policy for best practices for law-enforcement officers responding to or investigating an overdose, when prescriber information has been obtained during the course of such response or investigation, to notify the prescriber of any controlled substance found to be in the possession of or believed to have been ingested by the victim that such prescription of a controlled substance was involved in an overdose. Such model policy shall include that a notification to a prescriber of a controlled substance shall not be required if such notification would jeopardize an active law-enforcement investigation;","type":"section","prefixes":["70"],"prefix":"70","entire_prefix":"70","prefix_anchor":"70","level":1,"prior_prefix":"69","next_prefix":"71"},"71":{"id":199020,"text":"Establish a training curriculum for law-enforcement agencies, law-enforcement officers, and special conservators of the peace on the discretion such officers can exercise regarding arrests as provided in Chapter 7 (§ 19.2-71 et seq.) of Title 19.2. Such training shall include (i) instruction on the scope and nature of law-enforcement officer discretion in arrest decisions, with particular emphasis on encounters with individuals experiencing a mental health crisis, including individuals currently subject to an emergency custody order pursuant to § 37.2-808, a temporary detention order pursuant to § 37.2-809, or an involuntary admission order pursuant to § 37.2-817, and (ii) instruction on the immediate and long-term effects of arrests on individuals in need of mental health services due to a mental health crisis, including impacts on treatment outcomes as identified in substantially accepted peer-reviewed research literature;","type":"section","prefixes":["71"],"prefix":"71","entire_prefix":"71","prefix_anchor":"71","level":1,"prior_prefix":"70","next_prefix":"72"},"72":{"id":199021,"text":"Establish a model policy for the provision of security at nonprofit institutions that serve individuals and communities at risk of hate crimes as defined in § 52-8.5 within the Commonwealth, incorporating relevant information about various traditions, services, or activities that any law-enforcement officer, unarmed security officer, or armed security officer providing such security may encounter; and","type":"section","prefixes":["72"],"prefix":"72","entire_prefix":"72","prefix_anchor":"72","level":1,"prior_prefix":"71","next_prefix":"73"},"73":{"id":199022,"text":"Perform such other acts as may be necessary or convenient for the effective performance of its duties.","type":"section","prefixes":["73"],"prefix":"73","entire_prefix":"73","prefix_anchor":"73","level":1,"prior_prefix":"72"}},"ancestry":[{"id":13184,"edition_id":1,"name":"General Provisions","identifier":"1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12897,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:44:24","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:44:24","permalink":{"id":284491,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":13184,"identifier":"1","token":"9.1\/1\/1","url":"\/9.1\/1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12897,"edition_id":1,"name":"Department of Criminal Justice Services","identifier":"1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":1,"parent_id":12896,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","permalink":{"id":284489,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12897,"identifier":"1","token":"9.1\/1","url":"\/9.1\/1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":12896,"edition_id":1,"name":"Commonwealth Public Safety","identifier":"9.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":1,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{},"date_created":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","date_modified":"2026-06-26 03:43:59","permalink":{"id":284487,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":12896,"identifier":"9.1","token":"9.1","url":"\/9.1\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":80750,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-100","catch_line":"Department of Criminal Justice Services","url":"\/9.1-100\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-100","metadata":false},{"id":73488,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-101","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Definitions","url":"\/9.1-101\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-101","metadata":false},{"id":76757,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-101.1","catch_line":"Certified mail; subsequent mail or notices may be sent by regular mail","url":"\/9.1-101.1\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-101.1","metadata":false},{"id":54198,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-102","catch_line":"Powers and duties of the Board and the Department","url":"\/9.1-102\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-102","metadata":false},{"id":82575,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-102.1","catch_line":"Photo-identification cards","url":"\/9.1-102.1\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-102.1","metadata":false},{"id":78884,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-103","catch_line":"Direct operational responsibilities in law enforcement not authorized","url":"\/9.1-103\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-103","metadata":false},{"id":63330,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-104","catch_line":"Establishment of victim and witness assistance programs; purpose; guidelines","url":"\/9.1-104\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-104","metadata":false},{"id":82844,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-105","catch_line":"Intensified Drug Enforcement Jurisdictions Fund","url":"\/9.1-105\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-105","metadata":false},{"id":78412,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-106","catch_line":"Regional Criminal Justice Academy Training Fund; local fee","url":"\/9.1-106\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-106","metadata":false},{"id":55118,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-107","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Director","url":"\/9.1-107\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-107","metadata":false},{"id":57199,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-108","catch_line":"Criminal Justice Services Board membership; terms; vacancies; members not disqualified from holding other offices; designation of chairmen; meetings; compensation","url":"\/9.1-108\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-108","metadata":false},{"id":66236,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-108.1","catch_line":"Executive Committee; authority; effect of certain actions","url":"\/9.1-108.1\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-108.1","metadata":false},{"id":66752,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-109","catch_line":"Administration of federal programs","url":"\/9.1-109\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-109","metadata":false},{"id":74628,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-110","catch_line":"School Resource Officer Grants Program and School Resource Officer Incentive Grants Fund","url":"\/9.1-110\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-110","metadata":false},{"id":59886,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-111","catch_line":"Advisory Committee on Juvenile Justice and Prevention; membership; terms; quorum; compensation and expenses; duties","url":"\/9.1-111\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-111","metadata":false},{"id":63447,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-112","catch_line":"Committee on Training; membership","url":"\/9.1-112\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-112","metadata":false},{"id":67427,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-112.1","catch_line":"Criminal justice training academies; curriculum","url":"\/9.1-112.1\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-112.1","metadata":false},{"id":65278,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-113","catch_line":"Compliance with minimum training standards by certain officers; exceptions","url":"\/9.1-113\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-113","metadata":false},{"id":85516,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-114","catch_line":"Compliance with minimum training standards by officers employed after July 1, 1971, by officers appointed under \u00a7 56-353 after July 1, 1982, and by part-time officers","url":"\/9.1-114\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-114","metadata":false},{"id":68800,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-114.1","catch_line":"Compliance with minimum training standards by school resource officers","url":"\/9.1-114.1\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-114.1","metadata":false},{"id":65771,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-114.2","catch_line":"Compliance with minimum training standards and reporting requirements for detector canine handlers and detector canines","url":"\/9.1-114.2\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-114.2","metadata":false},{"id":69256,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-115","catch_line":"Forfeiture of office for failing to meet training standards; termination of salary and benefits; extension of term","url":"\/9.1-115\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-115","metadata":false},{"id":75493,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116","catch_line":"Exemptions of certain persons from certain training requirements","url":"\/9.1-116\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116","metadata":false},{"id":79920,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.01","catch_line":"Universal certification for certain law-enforcement officers","url":"\/9.1-116.01\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.01","metadata":false},{"id":56880,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.1","catch_line":"Virginia Sexual and Domestic Violence Victim Fund; purpose; guidelines","url":"\/9.1-116.1\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.1","metadata":false},{"id":77597,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.10","catch_line":"Surveillance technology reporting by state and local law-enforcement agencies and sheriff's departments","url":"\/9.1-116.10\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.10","metadata":false},{"id":66889,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.2","catch_line":"Advisory Committee on Sexual and Domestic Violence; membership; terms; compensation and expenses; duties","url":"\/9.1-116.2\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.2","metadata":false},{"id":82950,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.3","catch_line":"Virginia Sexual and Domestic Violence Program Professional Standards Committee","url":"\/9.1-116.3\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.3","metadata":false},{"id":63814,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.4","catch_line":"Virginia Prevention of Sex Trafficking Fund; purpose; guidelines","url":"\/9.1-116.4\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.4","metadata":false},{"id":69393,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.5","catch_line":"Human Trafficking Response Coordinator; duties; report","url":"\/9.1-116.5\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.5","metadata":false},{"id":87494,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.6","catch_line":"Virginia Gun Violence Intervention and Prevention Fund; purpose; guidelines","url":"\/9.1-116.6\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.6","metadata":false},{"id":59510,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.7","catch_line":"Expired","url":"\/9.1-116.7\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.7","metadata":false},{"id":69496,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.8","catch_line":"Virginia Opioid Use Reduction and Jail-Based Substance Use Disorder Treatment and Transition Fund","url":"\/9.1-116.8\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.8","metadata":false},{"id":74147,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-116.9","catch_line":"Establishment of Task Force on Fentanyl and Heroin Enforcement","url":"\/9.1-116.9\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-116.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":76757,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-101.1","catch_line":"Certified mail; subsequent mail or notices may be sent by regular mail","url":"\/9.1-101.1\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-101.1","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":82575,"structure_id":13184,"section_number":"9.1-102.1","catch_line":"Photo-identification cards","url":"\/9.1-102.1\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-102.1","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/9.1-102\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1981. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 632 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1981 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 31 times. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. Those modifications are as follows: in 1982, chapter 473; in 1984, chapter 515; in 1986, chapter 128; in 1988, chapters 46 and 560; in 1990, chapter 632; in 1991, chapter 345; in 1994, chapters 850<\/a> and 905<\/a>; in 1996, chapters 154<\/a>, 866<\/a>, and 952<\/a>; in 1998, chapters 31<\/a>, 471<\/a>, and 523<\/a>; in 1999, chapters 307<\/a> and 495<\/a>; in 2000, chapter 561<\/a>; in 2001, chapters 162<\/a>, 210<\/a>, 434<\/a>, 458<\/a>, and 844<\/a>; in 2002, chapters 490<\/a>, 810<\/a>, 818<\/a>, 836<\/a>, and 868<\/a>; in 2004, chapters 397<\/a>, 460<\/a>, 972<\/a>, 980<\/a>, and 1016<\/a>; in 2005, chapters 868<\/a> and 881<\/a>; in 2006, chapters 203<\/a>, 233<\/a>, 857<\/a>, and 914<\/a>; in 2008, chapters 328<\/a>, 600<\/a>, and 771<\/a>; in 2009, chapter 715<\/a>; in 2010, chapter 224<\/a>; in 2011, chapters 579<\/a>, 635<\/a>, 719<\/a>, 821<\/a>, and 854<\/a>; in 2012, chapters 140<\/a>, 159<\/a>, 803<\/a>, 827<\/a>, and 835<\/a>; in 2014, chapters 7<\/a>, 158<\/a>, and 265<\/a>; in 2015, chapters 38<\/a>, 205<\/a>, 222<\/a>, 223<\/a>, 278<\/a>, 402<\/a>, and 730<\/a>; in 2016, chapters 197<\/a>, 235<\/a>, 256<\/a>, 481<\/a>, and 560<\/a>; in 2017, chapters 311<\/a> and 758<\/a>; in 2019, chapters 366<\/a>, 487<\/a>, 488<\/a>, and 493<\/a>; in 2020, chapters 123<\/a>, 184<\/a>, 526<\/a>, 535<\/a>, 638<\/a>, 1206<\/a>, and 1262<\/a>; in 2022, chapters 45<\/a>, 46<\/a>, and 751<\/a>; in 2023, chapter 331<\/a>; in 2024, chapters 141<\/a>, 366<\/a>, 367<\/a>, 494<\/a>, 556<\/a>, 698<\/a>, 742<\/a>, and 773<\/a>; in 2025, chapters 231<\/a>, 273<\/a>, 619<\/a>, 639<\/a>, 667<\/a>, and 698<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":54601,"section_number":"15.2-1612.1","catch_line":"Deputy sheriffs to complete course of instruction established by Department of Criminal Justice Services","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1612.1\/"},{"id":58304,"section_number":"15.2-1627.4","catch_line":"(Effective September 1, 2022) Coordination of multidisciplinary response to sexual assault","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1627.4\/"},{"id":76931,"section_number":"15.2-1627.6","catch_line":"Coordination of multidisciplinary response to human trafficking","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1627.6\/"},{"id":74490,"section_number":"15.2-1704","catch_line":"Powers and duties of police force","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1704\/"},{"id":69038,"section_number":"15.2-1708","catch_line":"Notice of decertification; decertification review process","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1708\/"},{"id":60256,"section_number":"15.2-1724","catch_line":"Police and other officers may be sent beyond territorial limits","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1724\/"},{"id":79396,"section_number":"15.2-1731","catch_line":"Establishment, etc., authorized; powers, authority and immunities generally","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1731\/"},{"id":78888,"section_number":"2.2-311","catch_line":"Enforcement of laws by the State Inspector General or investigators; police power of the Office of State Inspector General; training","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-311\/"},{"id":69625,"section_number":"2.2-4002","catch_line":"Exemptions from chapter generally","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4002\/"},{"id":65627,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:1","catch_line":"Employment of school security officers","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-280.2_1\/"},{"id":64293,"section_number":"35.1-15.1","catch_line":"Required human trafficking training","order_by":null,"url":"\/35.1-15.1\/"},{"id":67486,"section_number":"4.1-203.2","catch_line":"Retail licensee and employee training; human trafficking recognition and reporting","order_by":null,"url":"\/4.1-203.2\/"},{"id":79871,"section_number":"4.1-227","catch_line":"Suspension or revocation of licenses; notice and hearings; imposition of penalties","order_by":null,"url":"\/4.1-227\/"},{"id":83752,"section_number":"53.1-10","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Director","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-10\/"},{"id":73121,"section_number":"53.1-109.01","catch_line":"Authority for regional jail officers to carry weapons","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-109.01\/"},{"id":71668,"section_number":"53.1-133.09","catch_line":"Training of deputy sheriffs and jail officers regarding pregnant prisoners","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-133.09\/"},{"id":63215,"section_number":"53.1-31.1","catch_line":"Transportation of prisoners","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-31.1\/"},{"id":63986,"section_number":"53.1-40.15","catch_line":"Training of correctional facility employees regarding pregnant inmates","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-40.15\/"},{"id":75446,"section_number":"53.1-68","catch_line":"Minimum standards for local correctional facilities and lock-ups; health inspections, behavioral health services inspections, and personnel","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-68\/"},{"id":81243,"section_number":"66-3","catch_line":"Powers of the Director","order_by":null,"url":"\/66-3\/"},{"id":55118,"section_number":"9.1-107","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Director","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-107\/"},{"id":63447,"section_number":"9.1-112","catch_line":"Committee on Training; membership","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-112\/"},{"id":67427,"section_number":"9.1-112.1","catch_line":"Criminal justice training academies; curriculum","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-112.1\/"},{"id":65278,"section_number":"9.1-113","catch_line":"Compliance with minimum training standards by certain officers; exceptions","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-113\/"},{"id":57595,"section_number":"9.1-165","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-165\/"},{"id":67386,"section_number":"9.1-168","catch_line":"Eligibility for funds","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-168\/"},{"id":56255,"section_number":"9.1-407","catch_line":"Training","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-407\/"}],"refers_to":[{"id":78495,"section_number":"15.2-1705","catch_line":"Minimum qualifications; waiver","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1705\/"},{"id":85175,"section_number":"15.2-1706","catch_line":"Certification through training required for all law-enforcement officers; waiver of requirements","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1706\/"},{"id":65694,"section_number":"15.2-1707","catch_line":"Decertification of law-enforcement officers and jail officers","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1707\/"},{"id":69038,"section_number":"15.2-1708","catch_line":"Notice of decertification; decertification review process","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1708\/"},{"id":61487,"section_number":"15.2-1721.1","catch_line":"Acquisition of military property by localities","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1721.1\/"},{"id":60551,"section_number":"15.2-1723.1","catch_line":"Body-worn camera system","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1723.1\/"},{"id":79396,"section_number":"15.2-1731","catch_line":"Establishment, etc., authorized; powers, authority and immunities generally","order_by":null,"url":"\/15.2-1731\/"},{"id":57792,"section_number":"19.2-71","catch_line":"Who may issue process of arrest","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-71\/"},{"id":86739,"section_number":"19.2-81.3","catch_line":"Arrest without a warrant authorized in cases of assault and battery against a family or household member and stalking and for violations of protective orders; procedure, etc","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-81.3\/"},{"id":68275,"section_number":"19.2-83.3","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/19.2-83.3\/"},{"id":86911,"section_number":"2.2-4000","catch_line":"Short title; purpose","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-4000\/"},{"id":79302,"section_number":"2.2-5515","catch_line":"Acquisition of military property","order_by":null,"url":"\/2.2-5515\/"},{"id":65627,"section_number":"22.1-280.2:1","catch_line":"Employment of school security officers","order_by":null,"url":"\/22.1-280.2_1\/"},{"id":76036,"section_number":"37.2-100","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-100\/"},{"id":70901,"section_number":"37.2-311.1","catch_line":"Comprehensive crisis system; Marcus alert system; powers and duties of the Department related to comprehensive mental health, substance abuse, and developmental disability crisis services","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-311.1\/"},{"id":61742,"section_number":"37.2-808","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Emergency custody; issuance and execution of order","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-808\/"},{"id":70156,"section_number":"37.2-809","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Involuntary temporary detention; issuance and execution of order","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-809\/"},{"id":61292,"section_number":"37.2-817","catch_line":"(Effective July 1, 2026) Involuntary admission","order_by":null,"url":"\/37.2-817\/"},{"id":55270,"section_number":"46.2-116","catch_line":"Registration with Department of Criminal Justice Services required for tow truck drivers; penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-116\/"},{"id":84528,"section_number":"46.2-117","catch_line":"Revocation and suspension of registration of tow truck driver; notice and hearing; assessment of costs","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-117\/"},{"id":78936,"section_number":"46.2-882","catch_line":"Determining speed with various devices; certificate as to accuracy of device; arrest without warrant","order_by":null,"url":"\/46.2-882\/"},{"id":72063,"section_number":"52-30.1","catch_line":"Definition","order_by":null,"url":"\/52-30.1\/"},{"id":73991,"section_number":"52-8.5","catch_line":"Reporting hate crimes","order_by":null,"url":"\/52-8.5\/"},{"id":81239,"section_number":"53.1-120","catch_line":"Sheriff to provide for courthouse and courtroom security; designation of deputies for such purpose; assessment","order_by":null,"url":"\/53.1-120\/"},{"id":72321,"section_number":"8.01-293","catch_line":"Authorization to serve process, capias or show cause order; execute writ of possession or eviction and levy upon property","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-293\/"},{"id":82575,"section_number":"9.1-102.1","catch_line":"Photo-identification cards","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-102.1\/"},{"id":85012,"section_number":"9.1-1301","catch_line":"Sexual assault policies for law-enforcement agencies in the Commonwealth; memoranda of understanding with institutions of higher education","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-1301\/"},{"id":58080,"section_number":"9.1-131","catch_line":"Annual audits","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-131\/"},{"id":69682,"section_number":"9.1-138","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-138\/"},{"id":80366,"section_number":"9.1-141","catch_line":"Powers of Board relating to private security services business","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-141\/"},{"id":70579,"section_number":"9.1-184","catch_line":"Virginia Center for School and Campus Safety created; duties","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-184\/"},{"id":79481,"section_number":"9.1-185","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-185\/"},{"id":61441,"section_number":"9.1-186","catch_line":"Definitions","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-186\/"},{"id":87216,"section_number":"9.1-187","catch_line":"Establishment of crisis intervention team programs","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-187\/"},{"id":62690,"section_number":"9.1-188","catch_line":"Crisis intervention training program","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-188\/"},{"id":59016,"section_number":"9.1-190","catch_line":"Crisis intervention team program assessment","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-190\/"},{"id":61210,"section_number":"9.1-193","catch_line":"Mental health awareness response and community understanding services (Marcus) alert system; law-enforcement protocols","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-193\/"},{"id":69731,"section_number":"9.1-900","catch_line":"Purpose of the Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry","order_by":null,"url":"\/9.1-900\/"}],"permalink":{"id":284505,"object_type":"law","relational_id":54198,"identifier":"9.1-102","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-102","url":"\/9.1-102\/","edition_id":1,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/9.1-102\/","token":"9.1\/1\/1\/9.1-102","dublin_core":{"Title":"Powers and duties of the Board and the Department","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 9.1-102","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

The Department<\/span>, under the direction of the Board<\/span>, which shall be the policy-making body for carrying out the duties and powers hereunder, shall have the power and duty to:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> Adopt regulations, pursuant to the Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000<\/a> et seq.), for the administration of this chapter including the authority to require the submission of reports and information by law<\/span>-enforcement officers<\/span> within the Commonwealth. Any proposed regulations concerning the privacy, confidentiality, and security of criminal justice information shall be submitted for review and comment to any board<\/span>, commission, or committee or other body which may be established by the General Assembly to regulate the privacy, confidentiality, and security of information collected and maintained by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum training standards subsequent to employment as a law<\/span>-enforcement officer<\/span> in (i) permanent positions and (ii) temporary or probationary status and establish the time required for completion of such training. Such compulsory minimum training standards shall include crisis intervention training in accordance with clause (i) of § 9.1-188<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

3.<\/span> Establish minimum training standards and qualifications for certification and recertification for law<\/span>-enforcement officers<\/span> serving as field training officers; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

4.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum curriculum requirements for in-service and advanced courses and programs for schools, whether located in or outside the Commonwealth, which are operated for the specific purpose of training law<\/span>-enforcement officers<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

5.<\/span> Establish (i) compulsory minimum training standards for law<\/span>-enforcement officers<\/span> who utilize radar or an electrical or microcomputer device to measure the speed of motor vehicles as provided in § 46.2-882<\/a> and establish the time required for completion of the training and (ii) compulsory minimum qualifications for certification and recertification of instructors who provide such training; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

6.<\/span> [Repealed]; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

7.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service and advanced training standards for those persons designated to provide courthouse and courtroom security pursuant to the provisions of § 53.1-120<\/a>, and to establish the time required for completion of such training; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

8.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service and advanced training standards for deputy sheriffs designated to serve process pursuant to the provisions of § 8.01-293<\/a>, and establish the time required for the completion of such training; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

9.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service, and advanced training standards, as well as the time required for completion of such training, for persons employed as deputy sheriffs and jail officers by local criminal justice agencies and correctional officers employed by the Department<\/span> of Corrections under the provisions of Title 53.1. For deputy sheriffs and jail officers who are employees of local or regional correctional facilities and correctional officers employed by the Department<\/span> of Corrections, such standards shall include training on the general care of pregnant women, the impact of restraints on pregnant inmates and fetuses, the impact of being placed in restrictive housing or solitary confinement on pregnant inmates, and the impact of body cavity searches on pregnant inmates; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

10.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum training standards for all dispatchers employed by or in any local or state government agency, whose duties include the dispatching of law<\/span>-enforcement personnel. Such training standards shall apply only to dispatchers hired on or after July 1, 1988. Such training shall include training in the identification of, communication with, and facilitation of the safe return of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, which shall include (i) techniques for respectful and effective communication with individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and their caregivers; (ii) techniques for addressing the behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, including alternatives to physical restraint; (iii) protocols for identifying and reporting incidents of abuse, neglect, and exploitation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia to adult protective services; (iv) protocols for contacting caregivers when an individual with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia is found wandering or during an emergency or crisis situation; (v) a reference list of local resources available for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia; and (vi) a reference list of local and national organizations that assist law<\/span>-enforcement personnel with locating missing and wandering individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and returning them to their caregivers; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

11.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum training standards for all auxiliary police<\/span> officers employed by or in any local or state government agency. Such training shall be graduated and based on the type of duties to be performed by the auxiliary police<\/span> officers. Such training standards shall not apply to auxiliary police<\/span> officers exempt pursuant to § 15.2-1731<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

12.<\/span> Consult and cooperate with counties, municipalities, agencies of the Commonwealth, other state and federal governmental agencies, and institutions of higher education within or outside the Commonwealth, concerning the development of police<\/span> training schools and programs or courses of instruction; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

13.<\/span> Approve institutions, curricula and facilities, whether located in or outside the Commonwealth, for school operation for the specific purpose of training law<\/span>-enforcement officers<\/span>; but this shall not prevent the holding of any such school whether approved or not; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

14.<\/span> Establish and maintain police<\/span> training programs through such agencies and institutions as the Board<\/span> deems appropriate; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

15.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum qualifications of certification and recertification for instructors in criminal justice training academies approved by the Department<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

16.<\/span> Conduct and stimulate research by public and private agencies which shall be designed to improve police<\/span> administration and law<\/span> enforcement; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

17.<\/span> Make recommendations concerning any matter within its purview pursuant to this chapter; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

18.<\/span> Coordinate its activities with those of any interstate system for the exchange of criminal history record information<\/span>, nominate one or more of its members to serve upon the council or committee of any such system, and participate when and as deemed appropriate in any such system’s activities and programs; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

19.<\/span> Conduct inquiries and investigations it deems appropriate to carry out its functions under this chapter and, in conducting such inquiries and investigations, may require any criminal justice agency<\/span> to submit information, reports, and statistical data with respect to its policy and operation of information systems or with respect to its collection, storage, dissemination<\/span>, and usage of criminal history record information<\/span> and correctional status information<\/span>, and such criminal justice agencies shall submit such information, reports, and data as are reasonably required; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

20.<\/span> Conduct audits as required by § 9.1-131<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

21.<\/span> Conduct a continuing study and review of questions of individual privacy and confidentiality of criminal history record information<\/span> and correctional status information<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

22.<\/span> Advise criminal justice agencies and initiate educational programs for such agencies with respect to matters of privacy, confidentiality, and security as they pertain to criminal history record information<\/span> and correctional status information<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

23.<\/span> Maintain a liaison with any board<\/span>, commission, committee, or other body which may be established by law<\/span>, executive order<\/span>, or resolution to regulate the privacy and security of information collected by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

24.<\/span> Adopt regulations establishing guidelines and standards for the collection, storage, and dissemination<\/span> of criminal history record information<\/span> and correctional status information<\/span>, and the privacy, confidentiality, and security thereof necessary to implement state and federal statutes<\/span>, regulations, and court orders<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

25.<\/span> Operate a statewide criminal justice research center, which shall maintain an integrated criminal justice information system<\/span>, produce reports, provide technical assistance to state and local criminal justice data system users, and provide analysis and interpretation of criminal justice statistical information; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

26.<\/span> Develop a comprehensive, statewide, long-range plan for strengthening and improving law<\/span> enforcement and the administration of criminal justice<\/span> throughout the Commonwealth, and periodically update that plan; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

27.<\/span> Cooperate with, and advise and assist, all agencies, departments<\/span>, boards<\/span> and institutions of the Commonwealth, and units of general local government, or combinations thereof, including planning district commissions, in planning, developing, and administering programs, projects, comprehensive plans, and other activities for improving law<\/span> enforcement and the administration of criminal justice<\/span> throughout the Commonwealth, including allocating and subgranting funds for these purposes; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

28.<\/span> Define, develop, organize, encourage, conduct, coordinate, and administer programs, projects and activities for the Commonwealth and units of general local government, or combinations thereof, in the Commonwealth, designed to strengthen and improve law<\/span> enforcement and the administration of criminal justice<\/span> at every level throughout the Commonwealth; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

29.<\/span> Review and evaluate programs, projects, and activities, and recommend, where necessary, revisions or alterations to such programs, projects, and activities for the purpose of improving law<\/span> enforcement and the administration of criminal justice<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

30.<\/span> Coordinate the activities and projects of the state departments<\/span>, agencies, and boards<\/span> of the Commonwealth and of the units of general local government, or combination thereof, including planning district commissions, relating to the preparation, adoption, administration, and implementation of comprehensive plans to strengthen and improve law<\/span> enforcement and the administration of criminal justice<\/span>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

31.<\/span> Do all things necessary on behalf of the Commonwealth and its units of general local government, to determine and secure benefits available under the Omnibus Crime<\/span> Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (P.L. 90-351, 82 Stat. 197), as amended, and under any other federal acts and programs for strengthening and improving law<\/span> enforcement, the administration of criminal justice<\/span>, and delinquency prevention and control; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

32.<\/span> Receive, administer, and expend all funds and other assistance available to the Board<\/span> and the Department<\/span> for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and the Omnibus Crime<\/span> Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

33.<\/span> Apply for and accept grants from the United States government or any other source in carrying out the purposes of this chapter and accept any and all donations both real and personal, and grants of money from any governmental unit or public agency, or from any institution, person, firm or corporation, and may receive, utilize and dispose of the same. Any arrangements pursuant to this section shall be detailed in the annual report of the Board<\/span>. Such report shall include the identity of the donor, the nature of the transaction, and the conditions, if any. Any moneys received pursuant to this section shall be deposited in the state treasury to the account of the Department<\/span>. To these ends, the Board<\/span> shall have the power to comply with conditions and execute such agreements as may be necessary; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

34.<\/span> Make and enter into all contracts<\/span> and agreements necessary or incidental to the performance of its duties and execution of its powers under this chapter, including but not limited to, contracts<\/span> with the United States, units of general local government or combinations thereof, in Virginia or other states, and with agencies and departments<\/span> of the Commonwealth; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

35.<\/span> Adopt and administer reasonable regulations for the planning and implementation of programs and activities and for the allocation, expenditure and subgranting of funds available to the Commonwealth and to units of general local government, and for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and the powers and duties set forth herein; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

36.<\/span> Certify and decertify law<\/span>-enforcement officers<\/span> in accordance with §§ 15.2-1706<\/a> and 15.2-1707<\/a> and provide for a decertification review process in accordance with § 15.2-1708<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

37.<\/span> Establish training standards and publish and periodically update model policies for law<\/span>-enforcement personnel in the following subjects:\n\t\t\ta. The handling of family abuse, domestic violence, sexual assault<\/span>, and stalking cases, including standards for determining the predominant physical aggressor in accordance with § 19.2-81.3<\/a>. The Department<\/span> shall provide technical support and assistance to law<\/span>-enforcement agencies in carrying out the requirements set forth in subsection A of § 9.1-1301<\/a>;\n\t\t\tb. The identification of, communication with, and facilitation of the safe return of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, which shall include (i) techniques for respectful and effective communication with individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and their caregivers; (ii) techniques for addressing the behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, including alternatives to physical restraint; (iii) protocols for identifying and reporting incidents of abuse, neglect, and exploitation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia to adult protective services; (iv) protocols for contacting caregivers when an individual with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia is found wandering or during an emergency or crisis situation; (v) a reference list of local resources available for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia; and (vi) a reference list of local and national organizations that assist law<\/span>-enforcement personnel with locating missing and wandering individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and returning them to their caregivers;\n\t\t\tc. Sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1<\/a>, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability;\n\t\t\td. Protocols for local and regional sexual assault<\/span> and human trafficking response teams;\n\t\t\te. Communication of death notifications;\n\t\t\tf. The questioning of individuals suspected of driving while intoxicated concerning the physical location of such individual’s last consumption of an alcoholic beverage and the communication of such information to the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority;\n\t\t\tg. Vehicle patrol duties that embody current best practices for pursuits and for responding to emergency calls;\n\t\t\th. Criminal investigations that embody current best practices for conducting photographic and live lineups<\/span>;\n\t\t\ti. Sensitivity to and awareness of human trafficking offenses<\/span> and the identification of victims of human trafficking offenses<\/span> for personnel involved in criminal investigations or assigned to vehicle or street patrol duties;\n\t\t\tj. The recognition, prevention, and reporting of human trafficking;\n\t\t\tk. Missing children, missing adults, and search and rescue protocol;\n\t\t\tl. The handling and use of tear gas or other gases and kinetic impact munitions, as defined in § 19.2-83.3<\/a>, that embody current best practices for using such items as a crowd control measure or during an arrest<\/span> or detention of another person; and\n\t\t\tm. The use of naloxone or other opioid antagonists to prevent opioid overdose deaths, in coordination with statewide naloxone training programs developed by the Department<\/span> of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services and the Virginia Department<\/span> of Health; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

38.<\/span> Establish compulsory training standards for basic training and the recertification of law<\/span>-enforcement officers<\/span> to ensure (i) sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1<\/a>, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability; (ii) training in de-escalation techniques; and (iii) training in the lawful use of force, including the use of deadly force, as defined in § 19.2-83.3<\/a>, only when necessary to protect the law<\/span>-enforcement officer<\/span> or another person; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

39.<\/span> Review and evaluate community-policing programs in the Commonwealth, and recommend where necessary statewide operating procedures, guidelines, and standards that strengthen and improve such programs, including sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1<\/a>, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental or cognitive disability; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

40.<\/span> Establish a Virginia Law<\/span>-Enforcement Accreditation Center. The Center may, in cooperation with Virginia law<\/span>-enforcement agencies, provide technical assistance and administrative support, including staffing, for the establishment of voluntary state law<\/span>-enforcement accreditation standards. The Center may provide accreditation assistance and training, resource material<\/span>, and research into methods and procedures that will assist the Virginia law<\/span>-enforcement community efforts to obtain Virginia accreditation status; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

41.<\/span> Promote community policing philosophy and practice throughout the Commonwealth by providing community policing training and technical assistance statewide to all law<\/span>-enforcement agencies, community groups, public and private organizations and citizens; developing and distributing innovative policing curricula and training tools on general community policing philosophy and practice and contemporary critical issues<\/span> facing Virginia communities; serving as a consultant to Virginia organizations with specific community policing needs; facilitating continued development and implementation of community policing programs statewide through discussion forums for community policing leaders, development of law<\/span>-enforcement instructors; promoting a statewide community policing initiative; and serving as a statewide information source on the subject of community policing including, but not limited to periodic newsletters, a website and an accessible lending library; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

42.<\/span> Establish, in consultation with the Department<\/span> of Education and the Virginia State Crime<\/span> Commission, compulsory minimum standards for employment and job-entry and in-service training curricula and certification requirements for school security officers<\/span>, including school security officers<\/span> described in clause (b) of § 22.1-280.2:1<\/a>, which training and certification shall be administered by the Virginia Center for School and Campus Safety (VCSCS) pursuant to § 9.1-184<\/a>. Such training standards shall be specific to the role and responsibility of school security officers<\/span> and shall include (i) relevant state and federal laws<\/span>; (ii) school and personal liability issues<\/span>; (iii) security awareness in the school environment; (iv) mediation and conflict resolution, including de-escalation techniques such as a physical alternative to restraint; (v) disaster and emergency response; (vi) awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and implicit bias; (vii) working with students with disabilities, mental health needs, substance use disorders, and past traumatic experiences; and (viii) student behavioral dynamics, including child and adolescent development and brain research. The Department<\/span> shall establish an advisory committee consisting of local school board<\/span> representatives, principals, superintendents, and school security personnel to assist in the development of the standards and certification requirements in this subdivision. The Department<\/span> shall require any school security officer<\/span> who carries a firearm in the performance of his duties to provide proof that he has completed a training course provided by a federal, state, or local law<\/span>-enforcement agency that includes training in active shooter emergency response, emergency evacuation procedure, and threat assessment; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

43.<\/span> License and regulate property bail<\/span> bondsmen and surety<\/span> bail<\/span> bondsmen in accordance with Article 11 (§ 9.1-185<\/a> et seq.); <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

44.<\/span> License and regulate bail<\/span> enforcement agents in accordance with Article 12 (§ 9.1-186<\/a> et seq.); <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

45.<\/span> In conjunction with the Virginia State Police<\/span> and the State Compensation Board<\/span>, advise criminal justice agencies regarding the investigation, registration, and dissemination<\/span> of information requirements as they pertain to the Sex Offender and Crimes<\/span> Against Minors<\/span> Registry Act (§ 9.1-900<\/a> et seq.); <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

46.<\/span> Establish minimum standards for (i) employment, (ii) job-entry and in-service training curricula, and (iii) certification requirements for campus security officers. Such training standards shall include, but not be limited to, the role and responsibility of campus security officers, relevant state and federal laws<\/span>, school and personal liability issues<\/span>, security awareness in the campus environment, and disaster and emergency response. The Department<\/span> shall provide technical support and assistance to campus police<\/span> departments<\/span> and campus security departments<\/span> on the establishment and implementation of policies and procedures, including but not limited to: the management of such departments<\/span>, investigatory procedures, judicial referrals, the establishment and management of databases for campus safety and security information sharing, and development of uniform record keeping for disciplinary records and statistics, such as campus crime<\/span> logs, judicial referrals and Clery Act statistics. The Department<\/span> shall establish an advisory committee consisting of college administrators, college police<\/span> chiefs, college security department<\/span> chiefs, and local law<\/span>-enforcement officials to assist in the development of the standards and certification requirements and training pursuant to this subdivision; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

47.<\/span> Assess and report, in accordance with § 9.1-190<\/a>, the crisis intervention team programs established pursuant to § 9.1-187<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

48.<\/span> In conjunction with the Office of the Attorney General<\/span>, advise law-enforcement agencies and attorneys for the Commonwealth regarding the identification, investigation, and prosecution<\/span> of human trafficking offenses<\/span> using the common law<\/span> and existing criminal statutes<\/span> in the Code of Virginia; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

49.<\/span> Register tow truck drivers in accordance with § 46.2-116<\/a> and carry out the provisions of § 46.2-117<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

50.<\/span> Administer the activities of the Virginia Sexual and Domestic Violence Program Professional Standards Committee by providing technical assistance and administrative support, including staffing, for the Committee; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

51.<\/span> In accordance with § 9.1-102.1<\/a>, design and approve the issuance of photo-identification cards to private security services registrants registered pursuant to Article 4 (§ 9.1-138<\/a> et seq.); <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

52.<\/span> In consultation with the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia and the Virginia Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, develop multidisciplinary curricula on trauma-informed sexual assault<\/span> investigation; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

53.<\/span> In consultation with the Department<\/span> of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, develop a model addiction recovery program that may be administered by sheriffs, deputy sheriffs, jail officers, administrators, or superintendents in any local or regional jail. Such program shall be based on any existing addiction recovery programs that are being administered by any local or regional jails in the Commonwealth. Participation in the model addiction recovery program shall be voluntary, and such program may address aspects of the recovery process, including medical and clinical recovery, peer-to-peer support, availability of mental health resources, family dynamics, and aftercare aspects of the recovery process; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

54.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum training standards for certification and recertification of law-enforcement officers<\/span> serving as school resource officers<\/span>. Such training shall be specific to the role and responsibility of a law-enforcement officer<\/span> working with students in a school environment and shall include (i) relevant state and federal laws<\/span>; (ii) school and personal liability issues<\/span>; (iii) security awareness in the school environment; (iv) mediation and conflict resolution, including de-escalation techniques; (v) disaster and emergency response; (vi) awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and implicit bias; (vii) working with students with disabilities, mental health needs, substance use disorders, or past traumatic experiences; and (viii) student behavioral dynamics, including current child and adolescent development and brain research; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

55.<\/span> Establish a model policy for the operation of body-worn camera systems as defined in § 15.2-1723.1<\/a> that also addresses the storage and maintenance of body-worn camera system records; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

56.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum training standards for detector canine handlers employed by the Department<\/span> of Corrections, standards for the training and retention of detector canines used by the Department<\/span> of Corrections, and a central database on the performance and effectiveness of such detector canines that requires the Department<\/span> of Corrections to submit comprehensive information on each canine handler and detector canine, including the number and types of calls and searches, substances searched for and whether or not detected, and the number of false positives, false negatives, true positives, and true negatives; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

57.<\/span> Establish compulsory training standards for basic training of law-enforcement officers<\/span> for recognizing and managing stress, self-care techniques, and resiliency; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

58.<\/span> Establish guidelines and standards for psychological examinations conducted pursuant to subsection C of § 15.2-1705<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

59.<\/span> Establish compulsory in-service training standards, to include frequency of retraining, for law-enforcement officers<\/span> in the following subjects: (i) relevant state and federal laws<\/span>; (ii) awareness of cultural diversity and the potential for bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1<\/a>; (iii) de-escalation techniques; (iv) working with individuals with disabilities, mental health needs, or substance use disorders; and (v) the lawful use of force, including the use of deadly force, as defined in § 19.2-83.3<\/a>, only when necessary to protect the law-enforcement officer<\/span> or another person; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

60.<\/span> Develop a model curriculum and lesson plans for the compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service, and advanced training standards to be employed by criminal justice training academies approved by the Department<\/span> when conducting training; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

61.<\/span> Adopt statewide professional standards of conduct applicable to all certified law-enforcement officers<\/span> and certified jail officers and appropriate due process<\/span> procedures for decertification based on serious misconduct in violation of those standards and provide for a decertification review process in accordance with § 15.2-1708<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

62.<\/span> Establish and administer a waiver<\/span> process, in accordance with §§ 2.2-5515<\/a> and 15.2-1721.1<\/a>, for law-enforcement agencies to use certain military property. Any waivers<\/span> granted by the Criminal Justice Services Board<\/span> shall be published by the Department<\/span> on the Department<\/span>’s website; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

63.<\/span> Establish compulsory training standards for basic training and the recertification of law-enforcement officers<\/span> to include crisis intervention training in accordance with clause (ii) of § 9.1-188<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

64.<\/span> Advise and assist the Department<\/span> of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, and support local law-enforcement cooperation, with the development and implementation of the Marcus alert system, as defined in § 37.2-311.1<\/a>, including the establishment of local protocols for law-enforcement participation in the Marcus alert system pursuant to § 9.1-193<\/a> and for reporting requirements pursuant to §§ 9.1-193<\/a> and 37.2-311.1<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

65.<\/span> Develop an online course to train hotel proprietors and their employees to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

66.<\/span> Develop an online course to train unarmed security officers, armed security officers, couriers, security canine handlers, and alarm respondents to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking to meet the compulsory minimum, entry-level, and in-service training standards as required by § 9.1-141<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

67.<\/span> Establish standards and procedures for when the Board<\/span> may grant a petition<\/span> for reinstatement of certification of a decertified officer pursuant to subsection E of § 15.2-1708<\/a>; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

68.<\/span> Establish compulsory minimum and in-service training standards for law-enforcement officers<\/span> on communicating with individuals with an intellectual disability or a developmental disability as defined in § 37.2-100<\/a>, such as autism spectrum disorder as defined in the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association, which shall include (i) an overview and behavioral recognition of autism spectrum disorder, (ii) best practices for crisis prevention and de-escalation techniques, (iii) an objective review of any relevant tools and technology available to assist in communication, and (iv) education on law-enforcement agency and community resources for the autism community on future crisis prevention. Such training standards shall be established in consultation with at least one individual with autism spectrum disorder, one family member of an individual with autism spectrum disorder, one specialist who works with individuals with autism spectrum disorder, one representative from the Department<\/span> of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, and one representative from a state or local law-enforcement agency; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

69.<\/span> Develop an online course for the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority to offer to retail licensees and their employees to train such licensees and employees to recognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

70.<\/span> Establish a model policy for best practices for law-enforcement officers<\/span> responding to or investigating an overdose, when prescriber information has been obtained during the course of such response or investigation, to notify the prescriber of any controlled substance found to be in the possession<\/span> of or believed to have been ingested by the victim that such prescription of a controlled substance was involved in an overdose. Such model policy shall include that a notification to a prescriber of a controlled substance shall not be required if such notification would jeopardize an active law-enforcement investigation; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

71.<\/span> Establish a training curriculum for law-enforcement agencies, law-enforcement officers<\/span>, and special conservators of the peace on the discretion such officers can exercise regarding arrests<\/span> as provided in Chapter 7 (§ 19.2-71<\/a> et seq.) of Title 19.2. Such training shall include (i) instruction on the scope and nature of law-enforcement officer<\/span> discretion in arrest<\/span> decisions, with particular emphasis on encounters with individuals experiencing a mental health crisis, including individuals currently subject to an emergency custody<\/span> order<\/span> pursuant to § 37.2-808<\/a>, a temporary detention order<\/span> pursuant to § 37.2-809<\/a>, or an involuntary admission order<\/span> pursuant to § 37.2-817<\/a>, and (ii) instruction on the immediate and long-term effects of arrests<\/span> on individuals in need of mental health services due to a mental health crisis, including impacts on treatment outcomes as identified in substantially accepted peer-reviewed research literature; <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

72.<\/span> Establish a model policy for the provision of security at nonprofit institutions that serve individuals and communities at risk of hate crimes<\/span> as defined in § 52-8.5<\/a> within the Commonwealth, incorporating relevant information about various traditions, services, or activities that any law-enforcement officer<\/span>, unarmed security officer, or armed security officer providing such security may encounter; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

73.<\/span> Perform such other acts as may be necessary or convenient for the effective performance of its duties. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPOWERS AND DUTIES OF THE BOARD AND THE DEPARTMENT (\u00a7 9.1-102)\n\nThe Department, under the direction of the Board, which shall be the\npolicy-making body for carrying out the duties and powers hereunder, shall have\nthe power and duty to:\n\n1. Adopt regulations, pursuant to the Administrative Process Act (§\n2.2-4000 et seq.), for the administration of this chapter including the\nauthority to require the submission of reports and information by\nlaw-enforcement officers within the Commonwealth. Any proposed regulations\nconcerning the privacy, confidentiality, and security of criminal justice\ninformation shall be submitted for review and comment to any board, commission,\nor committee or other body which may be established by the General Assembly to\nregulate the privacy, confidentiality, and security of information collected and\nmaintained by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof;\n\n2. Establish compulsory minimum training standards subsequent to employment as a\nlaw-enforcement officer in (i) permanent positions and (ii) temporary or\nprobationary status and establish the time required for completion of such\ntraining. Such compulsory minimum training standards shall include crisis\nintervention training in accordance with clause (i) of § 9.1-188;\n\n3. Establish minimum training standards and qualifications for certification and\nrecertification for law-enforcement officers serving as field training officers;\n\n4. Establish compulsory minimum curriculum requirements for in-service and\nadvanced courses and programs for schools, whether located in or outside the\nCommonwealth, which are operated for the specific purpose of training\nlaw-enforcement officers;\n\n5. Establish (i) compulsory minimum training standards for law-enforcement\nofficers who utilize radar or an electrical or microcomputer device to measure\nthe speed of motor vehicles as provided in § 46.2-882 and establish the\ntime required for completion of the training and (ii) compulsory minimum\nqualifications for certification and recertification of instructors who provide\nsuch training;\n\n6. [Repealed];\n\n7. Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service and advanced training\nstandards for those persons designated to provide courthouse and courtroom\nsecurity pursuant to the provisions of § 53.1-120, and to establish the\ntime required for completion of such training;\n\n8. Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service and advanced training\nstandards for deputy sheriffs designated to serve process pursuant to the\nprovisions of § 8.01-293, and establish the time required for the\ncompletion of such training;\n\n9. Establish compulsory minimum entry-level, in-service, and advanced training\nstandards, as well as the time required for completion of such training, for\npersons employed as deputy sheriffs and jail officers by local criminal justice\nagencies and correctional officers employed by the Department of Corrections\nunder the provisions of Title 53.1. For deputy sheriffs and jail officers who\nare employees of local or regional correctional facilities and correctional\nofficers employed by the Department of Corrections, such standards shall include\ntraining on the general care of pregnant women, the impact of restraints on\npregnant inmates and fetuses, the impact of being placed in restrictive housing\nor solitary confinement on pregnant inmates, and the impact of body cavity\nsearches on pregnant inmates;\n\n10. Establish compulsory minimum training standards for all dispatchers employed\nby or in any local or state government agency, whose duties include the\ndispatching of law-enforcement personnel. Such training standards shall apply\nonly to dispatchers hired on or after July 1, 1988. Such training shall include\ntraining in the identification of, communication with, and facilitation of the\nsafe return of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and\ndementia, which shall include (i) techniques for respectful and effective\ncommunication with individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and\ntheir caregivers; (ii) techniques for addressing the behavioral symptoms of\nAlzheimer’s disease and dementia, including alternatives to physical\nrestraint; (iii) protocols for identifying and reporting incidents of abuse,\nneglect, and exploitation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and\ndementia to adult protective services; (iv) protocols for contacting caregivers\nwhen an individual with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia is found wandering\nor during an emergency or crisis situation; (v) a reference list of local\nresources available for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia;\nand (vi) a reference list of local and national organizations that assist\nlaw-enforcement personnel with locating missing and wandering individuals with\nAlzheimer’s disease and dementia and returning them to their caregivers;\n\n11. Establish compulsory minimum training standards for all auxiliary police\nofficers employed by or in any local or state government agency. Such training\nshall be graduated and based on the type of duties to be performed by the\nauxiliary police officers. Such training standards shall not apply to auxiliary\npolice officers exempt pursuant to § 15.2-1731;\n\n12. Consult and cooperate with counties, municipalities, agencies of the\nCommonwealth, other state and federal governmental agencies, and institutions of\nhigher education within or outside the Commonwealth, concerning the development\nof police training schools and programs or courses of instruction;\n\n13. Approve institutions, curricula and facilities, whether located in or\noutside the Commonwealth, for school operation for the specific purpose of\ntraining law-enforcement officers; but this shall not prevent the holding of any\nsuch school whether approved or not;\n\n14. Establish and maintain police training programs through such agencies and\ninstitutions as the Board deems appropriate;\n\n15. Establish compulsory minimum qualifications of certification and\nrecertification for instructors in criminal justice training academies approved\nby the Department;\n\n16. Conduct and stimulate research by public and private agencies which shall be\ndesigned to improve police administration and law enforcement;\n\n17. Make recommendations concerning any matter within its purview pursuant to\nthis chapter;\n\n18. Coordinate its activities with those of any interstate system for the\nexchange of criminal history record information, nominate one or more of its\nmembers to serve upon the council or committee of any such system, and\nparticipate when and as deemed appropriate in any such system’s activities\nand programs;\n\n19. Conduct inquiries and investigations it deems appropriate to carry out its\nfunctions under this chapter and, in conducting such inquiries and\ninvestigations, may require any criminal justice agency to submit information,\nreports, and statistical data with respect to its policy and operation of\ninformation systems or with respect to its collection, storage, dissemination,\nand usage of criminal history record information and correctional status\ninformation, and such criminal justice agencies shall submit such information,\nreports, and data as are reasonably required;\n\n20. Conduct audits as required by § 9.1-131;\n\n21. Conduct a continuing study and review of questions of individual privacy and\nconfidentiality of criminal history record information and correctional status\ninformation;\n\n22. Advise criminal justice agencies and initiate educational programs for such\nagencies with respect to matters of privacy, confidentiality, and security as\nthey pertain to criminal history record information and correctional status\ninformation;\n\n23. Maintain a liaison with any board, commission, committee, or other body\nwhich may be established by law, executive order, or resolution to regulate the\nprivacy and security of information collected by the Commonwealth or any\npolitical subdivision thereof;\n\n24. Adopt regulations establishing guidelines and standards for the collection,\nstorage, and dissemination of criminal history record information and\ncorrectional status information, and the privacy, confidentiality, and security\nthereof necessary to implement state and federal statutes, regulations, and\ncourt orders;\n\n25. Operate a statewide criminal justice research center, which shall maintain\nan integrated criminal justice information system, produce reports, provide\ntechnical assistance to state and local criminal justice data system users, and\nprovide analysis and interpretation of criminal justice statistical information;\n\n26. Develop a comprehensive, statewide, long-range plan for strengthening and\nimproving law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice throughout\nthe Commonwealth, and periodically update that plan;\n\n27. Cooperate with, and advise and assist, all agencies, departments, boards and\ninstitutions of the Commonwealth, and units of general local government, or\ncombinations thereof, including planning district commissions, in planning,\ndeveloping, and administering programs, projects, comprehensive plans, and other\nactivities for improving law enforcement and the administration of criminal\njustice throughout the Commonwealth, including allocating and subgranting funds\nfor these purposes;\n\n28. Define, develop, organize, encourage, conduct, coordinate, and administer\nprograms, projects and activities for the Commonwealth and units of general\nlocal government, or combinations thereof, in the Commonwealth, designed to\nstrengthen and improve law enforcement and the administration of criminal\njustice at every level throughout the Commonwealth;\n\n29. Review and evaluate programs, projects, and activities, and recommend, where\nnecessary, revisions or alterations to such programs, projects, and activities\nfor the purpose of improving law enforcement and the administration of criminal\njustice;\n\n30. Coordinate the activities and projects of the state departments, agencies,\nand boards of the Commonwealth and of the units of general local government, or\ncombination thereof, including planning district commissions, relating to the\npreparation, adoption, administration, and implementation of comprehensive plans\nto strengthen and improve law enforcement and the administration of criminal\njustice;\n\n31. Do all things necessary on behalf of the Commonwealth and its units of\ngeneral local government, to determine and secure benefits available under the\nOmnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (P.L. 90-351, 82 Stat. 197),\nas amended, and under any other federal acts and programs for strengthening and\nimproving law enforcement, the administration of criminal justice, and\ndelinquency prevention and control;\n\n32. Receive, administer, and expend all funds and other assistance available to\nthe Board and the Department for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and\nthe Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as amended;\n\n33. Apply for and accept grants from the United States government or any other\nsource in carrying out the purposes of this chapter and accept any and all\ndonations both real and personal, and grants of money from any governmental unit\nor public agency, or from any institution, person, firm or corporation, and may\nreceive, utilize and dispose of the same. Any arrangements pursuant to this\nsection shall be detailed in the annual report of the Board. Such report shall\ninclude the identity of the donor, the nature of the transaction, and the\nconditions, if any. Any moneys received pursuant to this section shall be\ndeposited in the state treasury to the account of the Department. To these ends,\nthe Board shall have the power to comply with conditions and execute such\nagreements as may be necessary;\n\n34. Make and enter into all contracts and agreements necessary or incidental to\nthe performance of its duties and execution of its powers under this chapter,\nincluding but not limited to, contracts with the United States, units of general\nlocal government or combinations thereof, in Virginia or other states, and with\nagencies and departments of the Commonwealth;\n\n35. Adopt and administer reasonable regulations for the planning and\nimplementation of programs and activities and for the allocation, expenditure\nand subgranting of funds available to the Commonwealth and to units of general\nlocal government, and for carrying out the purposes of this chapter and the\npowers and duties set forth herein;\n\n36. Certify and decertify law-enforcement officers in accordance with\n§§ 15.2-1706 and 15.2-1707 and provide for a decertification review\nprocess in accordance with § 15.2-1708;\n\n37. Establish training standards and publish and periodically update model\npolicies for law-enforcement personnel in the following subjects:\n\t\t\ta. The handling of family abuse, domestic violence, sexual assault, and\nstalking cases, including standards for determining the predominant physical\naggressor in accordance with § 19.2-81.3. The Department shall provide\ntechnical support and assistance to law-enforcement agencies in carrying out the\nrequirements set forth in subsection A of § 9.1-1301;\n\t\t\tb. The identification of, communication with, and facilitation of the safe\nreturn of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia,\nwhich shall include (i) techniques for respectful and effective communication\nwith individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia and their\ncaregivers; (ii) techniques for addressing the behavioral symptoms of\nAlzheimer’s disease and dementia, including alternatives to physical\nrestraint; (iii) protocols for identifying and reporting incidents of abuse,\nneglect, and exploitation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and\ndementia to adult protective services; (iv) protocols for contacting caregivers\nwhen an individual with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia is found wandering\nor during an emergency or crisis situation; (v) a reference list of local\nresources available for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia;\nand (vi) a reference list of local and national organizations that assist\nlaw-enforcement personnel with locating missing and wandering individuals with\nAlzheimer’s disease and dementia and returning them to their caregivers;\n\t\t\tc. Sensitivity to and awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural\ndiversity, and the potential for racially biased policing and bias-based\nprofiling as defined in § 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit\nbiases in interacting with persons who have a mental illness, substance use\ndisorder, or developmental or cognitive disability;\n\t\t\td. Protocols for local and regional sexual assault and human trafficking\nresponse teams;\n\t\t\te. Communication of death notifications;\n\t\t\tf. The questioning of individuals suspected of driving while intoxicated\nconcerning the physical location of such individual’s last consumption of\nan alcoholic beverage and the communication of such information to the Virginia\nAlcoholic Beverage Control Authority;\n\t\t\tg. Vehicle patrol duties that embody current best practices for pursuits and\nfor responding to emergency calls;\n\t\t\th. Criminal investigations that embody current best practices for conducting\nphotographic and live lineups;\n\t\t\ti. Sensitivity to and awareness of human trafficking offenses and the\nidentification of victims of human trafficking offenses for personnel involved\nin criminal investigations or assigned to vehicle or street patrol duties;\n\t\t\tj. The recognition, prevention, and reporting of human trafficking;\n\t\t\tk. Missing children, missing adults, and search and rescue protocol;\n\t\t\tl. The handling and use of tear gas or other gases and kinetic impact\nmunitions, as defined in § 19.2-83.3, that embody current best practices\nfor using such items as a crowd control measure or during an arrest or detention\nof another person; and\n\t\t\tm. The use of naloxone or other opioid antagonists to prevent opioid overdose\ndeaths, in coordination with statewide naloxone training programs developed by\nthe Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services and the Virginia\nDepartment of Health;\n\n38. Establish compulsory training standards for basic training and the\nrecertification of law-enforcement officers to ensure (i) sensitivity to and\nawareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the\npotential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in\n§ 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting\nwith persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental\nor cognitive disability; (ii) training in de-escalation techniques; and (iii)\ntraining in the lawful use of force, including the use of deadly force, as\ndefined in § 19.2-83.3, only when necessary to protect the law-enforcement\nofficer or another person;\n\n39. Review and evaluate community-policing programs in the Commonwealth, and\nrecommend where necessary statewide operating procedures, guidelines, and\nstandards that strengthen and improve such programs, including sensitivity to\nand awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural diversity, and the\npotential for racially biased policing and bias-based profiling as defined in\n§ 52-30.1, which shall include recognizing implicit biases in interacting\nwith persons who have a mental illness, substance use disorder, or developmental\nor cognitive disability;\n\n40. Establish a Virginia Law-Enforcement Accreditation Center. The Center may,\nin cooperation with Virginia law-enforcement agencies, provide technical\nassistance and administrative support, including staffing, for the establishment\nof voluntary state law-enforcement accreditation standards. The Center may\nprovide accreditation assistance and training, resource material, and research\ninto methods and procedures that will assist the Virginia law-enforcement\ncommunity efforts to obtain Virginia accreditation status;\n\n41. Promote community policing philosophy and practice throughout the\nCommonwealth by providing community policing training and technical assistance\nstatewide to all law-enforcement agencies, community groups, public and private\norganizations and citizens; developing and distributing innovative policing\ncurricula and training tools on general community policing philosophy and\npractice and contemporary critical issues facing Virginia communities; serving\nas a consultant to Virginia organizations with specific community policing\nneeds; facilitating continued development and implementation of community\npolicing programs statewide through discussion forums for community policing\nleaders, development of law-enforcement instructors; promoting a statewide\ncommunity policing initiative; and serving as a statewide information source on\nthe subject of community policing including, but not limited to periodic\nnewsletters, a website and an accessible lending library;\n\n42. Establish, in consultation with the Department of Education and the Virginia\nState Crime Commission, compulsory minimum standards for employment and\njob-entry and in-service training curricula and certification requirements for\nschool security officers, including school security officers described in clause\n(b) of § 22.1-280.2:1, which training and certification shall be\nadministered by the Virginia Center for School and Campus Safety (VCSCS)\npursuant to § 9.1-184. Such training standards shall be specific to the\nrole and responsibility of school security officers and shall include (i)\nrelevant state and federal laws; (ii) school and personal liability issues;\n(iii) security awareness in the school environment; (iv) mediation and conflict\nresolution, including de-escalation techniques such as a physical alternative to\nrestraint; (v) disaster and emergency response; (vi) awareness of systemic and\nindividual racism, cultural diversity, and implicit bias; (vii) working with\nstudents with disabilities, mental health needs, substance use disorders, and\npast traumatic experiences; and (viii) student behavioral dynamics, including\nchild and adolescent development and brain research. The Department shall\nestablish an advisory committee consisting of local school board\nrepresentatives, principals, superintendents, and school security personnel to\nassist in the development of the standards and certification requirements in\nthis subdivision. The Department shall require any school security officer who\ncarries a firearm in the performance of his duties to provide proof that he has\ncompleted a training course provided by a federal, state, or local\nlaw-enforcement agency that includes training in active shooter emergency\nresponse, emergency evacuation procedure, and threat assessment;\n\n43. License and regulate property bail bondsmen and surety bail bondsmen in\naccordance with Article 11 (§ 9.1-185 et seq.);\n\n44. License and regulate bail enforcement agents in accordance with Article 12\n(§ 9.1-186 et seq.);\n\n45. In conjunction with the Virginia State Police and the State Compensation\nBoard, advise criminal justice agencies regarding the investigation,\nregistration, and dissemination of information requirements as they pertain to\nthe Sex Offender and Crimes Against Minors Registry Act (§ 9.1-900 et\nseq.);\n\n46. Establish minimum standards for (i) employment, (ii) job-entry and\nin-service training curricula, and (iii) certification requirements for campus\nsecurity officers. Such training standards shall include, but not be limited to,\nthe role and responsibility of campus security officers, relevant state and\nfederal laws, school and personal liability issues, security awareness in the\ncampus environment, and disaster and emergency response. The Department shall\nprovide technical support and assistance to campus police departments and campus\nsecurity departments on the establishment and implementation of policies and\nprocedures, including but not limited to: the management of such departments,\ninvestigatory procedures, judicial referrals, the establishment and management\nof databases for campus safety and security information sharing, and development\nof uniform record keeping for disciplinary records and statistics, such as\ncampus crime logs, judicial referrals and Clery Act statistics. The Department\nshall establish an advisory committee consisting of college administrators,\ncollege police chiefs, college security department chiefs, and local\nlaw-enforcement officials to assist in the development of the standards and\ncertification requirements and training pursuant to this subdivision;\n\n47. Assess and report, in accordance with § 9.1-190, the crisis\nintervention team programs established pursuant to § 9.1-187;\n\n48. In conjunction with the Office of the Attorney General, advise\nlaw-enforcement agencies and attorneys for the Commonwealth regarding the\nidentification, investigation, and prosecution of human trafficking offenses\nusing the common law and existing criminal statutes in the Code of Virginia;\n\n49. Register tow truck drivers in accordance with § 46.2-116 and carry out\nthe provisions of § 46.2-117;\n\n50. Administer the activities of the Virginia Sexual and Domestic Violence\nProgram Professional Standards Committee by providing technical assistance and\nadministrative support, including staffing, for the Committee;\n\n51. In accordance with § 9.1-102.1, design and approve the issuance of\nphoto-identification cards to private security services registrants registered\npursuant to Article 4 (§ 9.1-138 et seq.);\n\n52. In consultation with the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia and\nthe Virginia Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, develop\nmultidisciplinary curricula on trauma-informed sexual assault investigation;\n\n53. In consultation with the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental\nServices, develop a model addiction recovery program that may be administered by\nsheriffs, deputy sheriffs, jail officers, administrators, or superintendents in\nany local or regional jail. Such program shall be based on any existing\naddiction recovery programs that are being administered by any local or regional\njails in the Commonwealth. Participation in the model addiction recovery program\nshall be voluntary, and such program may address aspects of the recovery\nprocess, including medical and clinical recovery, peer-to-peer support,\navailability of mental health resources, family dynamics, and aftercare aspects\nof the recovery process;\n\n54. Establish compulsory minimum training standards for certification and\nrecertification of law-enforcement officers serving as school resource officers.\nSuch training shall be specific to the role and responsibility of a\nlaw-enforcement officer working with students in a school environment and shall\ninclude (i) relevant state and federal laws; (ii) school and personal liability\nissues; (iii) security awareness in the school environment; (iv) mediation and\nconflict resolution, including de-escalation techniques; (v) disaster and\nemergency response; (vi) awareness of systemic and individual racism, cultural\ndiversity, and implicit bias; (vii) working with students with disabilities,\nmental health needs, substance use disorders, or past traumatic experiences; and\n(viii) student behavioral dynamics, including current child and adolescent\ndevelopment and brain research;\n\n55. Establish a model policy for the operation of body-worn camera systems as\ndefined in § 15.2-1723.1 that also addresses the storage and maintenance of\nbody-worn camera system records;\n\n56. Establish compulsory minimum training standards for detector canine handlers\nemployed by the Department of Corrections, standards for the training and\nretention of detector canines used by the Department of Corrections, and a\ncentral database on the performance and effectiveness of such detector canines\nthat requires the Department of Corrections to submit comprehensive information\non each canine handler and detector canine, including the number and types of\ncalls and searches, substances searched for and whether or not detected, and the\nnumber of false positives, false negatives, true positives, and true negatives;\n\n57. Establish compulsory training standards for basic training of\nlaw-enforcement officers for recognizing and managing stress, self-care\ntechniques, and resiliency;\n\n58. Establish guidelines and standards for psychological examinations conducted\npursuant to subsection C of § 15.2-1705;\n\n59. Establish compulsory in-service training standards, to include frequency of\nretraining, for law-enforcement officers in the following subjects: (i) relevant\nstate and federal laws; (ii) awareness of cultural diversity and the potential\nfor bias-based profiling as defined in § 52-30.1; (iii) de-escalation\ntechniques; (iv) working with individuals with disabilities, mental health\nneeds, or substance use disorders; and (v) the lawful use of force, including\nthe use of deadly force, as defined in § 19.2-83.3, only when necessary to\nprotect the law-enforcement officer or another person;\n\n60. Develop a model curriculum and lesson plans for the compulsory minimum\nentry-level, in-service, and advanced training standards to be employed by\ncriminal justice training academies approved by the Department when conducting\ntraining;\n\n61. Adopt statewide professional standards of conduct applicable to all\ncertified law-enforcement officers and certified jail officers and appropriate\ndue process procedures for decertification based on serious misconduct in\nviolation of those standards and provide for a decertification review process in\naccordance with § 15.2-1708;\n\n62. Establish and administer a waiver process, in accordance with §§\n2.2-5515 and 15.2-1721.1, for law-enforcement agencies to use certain military\nproperty. Any waivers granted by the Criminal Justice Services Board shall be\npublished by the Department on the Department’s website;\n\n63. Establish compulsory training standards for basic training and the\nrecertification of law-enforcement officers to include crisis intervention\ntraining in accordance with clause (ii) of § 9.1-188;\n\n64. Advise and assist the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental\nServices, and support local law-enforcement cooperation, with the development\nand implementation of the Marcus alert system, as defined in § 37.2-311.1,\nincluding the establishment of local protocols for law-enforcement participation\nin the Marcus alert system pursuant to § 9.1-193 and for reporting\nrequirements pursuant to §§ 9.1-193 and 37.2-311.1;\n\n65. Develop an online course to train hotel proprietors and their employees to\nrecognize and report instances of suspected human trafficking;\n\n66. Develop an online course to train unarmed security officers, armed security\nofficers, couriers, security canine handlers, and alarm respondents to recognize\nand report instances of suspected human trafficking to meet the compulsory\nminimum, entry-level, and in-service training standards as required by §\n9.1-141;\n\n67. Establish standards and procedures for when the Board may grant a petition\nfor reinstatement of certification of a decertified officer pursuant to\nsubsection E of § 15.2-1708;\n\n68. Establish compulsory minimum and in-service training standards for\nlaw-enforcement officers on communicating with individuals with an intellectual\ndisability or a developmental disability as defined in § 37.2-100, such as\nautism spectrum disorder as defined in the most recent edition of the Diagnostic\nand Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric\nAssociation, which shall include (i) an overview and behavioral recognition of\nautism spectrum disorder, (ii) best practices for crisis prevention and\nde-escalation techniques, (iii) an objective review of any relevant tools and\ntechnology available to assist in communication, and (iv) education on\nlaw-enforcement agency and community resources for the autism community on\nfuture crisis prevention. Such training standards shall be established in\nconsultation with at least one individual with autism spectrum disorder, one\nfamily member of an individual with autism spectrum disorder, one specialist who\nworks with individuals with autism spectrum disorder, one representative from\nthe Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, and one\nrepresentative from a state or local law-enforcement agency;\n\n69. Develop an online course for the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control\nAuthority to offer to retail licensees and their employees to train such\nlicensees and employees to recognize and report instances of suspected human\ntrafficking;\n\n70. Establish a model policy for best practices for law-enforcement officers\nresponding to or investigating an overdose, when prescriber information has been\nobtained during the course of such response or investigation, to notify the\nprescriber of any controlled substance found to be in the possession of or\nbelieved to have been ingested by the victim that such prescription of a\ncontrolled substance was involved in an overdose. Such model policy shall\ninclude that a notification to a prescriber of a controlled substance shall not\nbe required if such notification would jeopardize an active law-enforcement\ninvestigation;\n\n71. Establish a training curriculum for law-enforcement agencies,\nlaw-enforcement officers, and special conservators of the peace on the\ndiscretion such officers can exercise regarding arrests as provided in Chapter 7\n(§ 19.2-71 et seq.) of Title 19.2. Such training shall include (i)\ninstruction on the scope and nature of law-enforcement officer discretion in\narrest decisions, with particular emphasis on encounters with individuals\nexperiencing a mental health crisis, including individuals currently subject to\nan emergency custody order pursuant to § 37.2-808, a temporary detention\norder pursuant to § 37.2-809, or an involuntary admission order pursuant to\n§ 37.2-817, and (ii) instruction on the immediate and long-term effects of\narrests on individuals in need of mental health services due to a mental health\ncrisis, including impacts on treatment outcomes as identified in substantially\naccepted peer-reviewed research literature;\n\n72. Establish a model policy for the provision of security at nonprofit\ninstitutions that serve individuals and communities at risk of hate crimes as\ndefined in § 52-8.5 within the Commonwealth, incorporating relevant\ninformation about various traditions, services, or activities that any\nlaw-enforcement officer, unarmed security officer, or armed security officer\nproviding such security may encounter; and\n\n73. Perform such other acts as may be necessary or convenient for the effective\nperformance of its duties.\n\nHISTORY: 1981, c. 632, \u00a7 9-170; 1982, c. 473; 1984, cc. 515; 779; 1986, c. 128;\n1988, cc. 46, 560; 1990, c. 632; 1991, c. 345; 1994, cc. 850, 905; 1996, cc.\n154, 866, 952; 1998, cc. 31, 471, 523; 1999, cc. 307, 495; 2000, c. 561; 2001,\ncc. 162, 210, 434, 458, 844; 2002, cc. 490, 810, 818, 836, 868; 2004, cc. 397,\n460, 972, 980, 1016; 2005, cc. 868, 881; 2006, cc. 203, 233, 857, 914; 2008, cc.\n328, 600, 771; 2009, c. 715; 2010, c. 224; 2011, cc. 579, 635, 719, 821, 854;\n2012, cc. 140, 159, 803, 827, 835; 2014, cc. 7, 158, 265; 2015, cc. 38, 205,\n222, 223, 278, 402, 730; 2016, cc. 197, 235, 256, 481, 560; 2017, cc. 311, 758;\n2019, cc. 366, 487, 488, 493; 2020, cc. 123, 184, 526, 535, 638, 1206, 1262;\n2020, Sp. Sess. I, cc. 27, 32, 36, 37, 41, 42, 48, 55; 2021, Sp. Sess. I, c.\n467; 2022, cc. 45, 46, 751; 2023, c. 331; 2024, cc. 141, 366, 367, 494, 556,\n698, 742, 773; 2025, cc. 231, 273, 619, 639, 667, 698.","edition":{"id":1,"name":"2025","slug":"2025","date_created":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","date_modified":"2026-06-21 22:39:22","current":1,"order_by":1,"last_import":null}}